發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-07 06:23

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：《欲望號(hào)街車》人物塑造的認(rèn)知文體學(xué)探究　出處：《杭州電子科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 認(rèn)知文體學(xué) 人物塑造 圖式理論 歸因理論 《欲望號(hào)街車》

【摘要】：《欲望號(hào)街車》是美國著名劇作家田納西·威廉斯早期的經(jīng)典之作，劇中主要人物布蘭奇·杜波依斯和斯坦利·柯瓦爾斯基一直備受國內(nèi)外學(xué)者廣泛而持續(xù)的關(guān)注。本文獨(dú)辟蹊徑，從認(rèn)知文體學(xué)下人物塑造理論的視角出發(fā)，在關(guān)聯(lián)理論和合作原則理論的引導(dǎo)與限制下，應(yīng)用圖式理論和歸因理論，并緊密結(jié)合戲劇文本的語言線索，對(duì)《欲望號(hào)街車》中這兩位主角的人物塑造進(jìn)行研究。 圖式是一種把信息系統(tǒng)地儲(chǔ)存在長期記憶中的認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu),為讀者提供自上而下的理解模式。人物形象首先由圖式激活，讀者通過已有圖式知識(shí)和新信息相互整合，達(dá)到理解人物形象的目的。歸因理論由對(duì)應(yīng)推斷理論和協(xié)變理論構(gòu)成，前者通過分析人物行為與大眾行為、個(gè)體單個(gè)行為及個(gè)體習(xí)慣行為吻合度的高低來推斷出人物在某個(gè)情境下的某個(gè)行為是否反應(yīng)了他本真的性格。對(duì)人物形象進(jìn)行構(gòu)建是讀者對(duì)人物的理解過程，是作者與讀者經(jīng)由文本的互動(dòng)過程。 對(duì)布蘭奇人物形象的構(gòu)建源自三個(gè)圖式，即“欲望”、“同性戀”和“好女人”�！坝睒�(gòu)成了布蘭奇命運(yùn)變化的主線，是她悲劇的根源。它在標(biāo)題中的出現(xiàn)預(yù)示著這部作品是欲望操縱下或走向幸�；蜃呦驓绲囊欢稳松贸�。它在作品中一共出現(xiàn)過四次，每一次的出現(xiàn)都豐富了布蘭奇人物的塑造�！巴詰佟睒�(gòu)成了她命運(yùn)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，而“好女人”則是她分裂人格的表象。在布蘭奇的生活中，米奇承載了布蘭奇的所有欲望，論文對(duì)她與米奇之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行歸因，發(fā)現(xiàn)了她性格中一些真實(shí)而又相互矛盾的地方。作為一個(gè)青春將逝的南方美人，她舉止優(yōu)雅，有教養(yǎng)，是一個(gè)好女人的形象，然而，事實(shí)上，她的真實(shí)生活卻將她的形象出賣，她性欲強(qiáng)烈，生活混亂，逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)，生活在自己的幻想中，脆弱，焦慮不安，精神因種種不幸逐漸崩潰，，最后斯坦利的強(qiáng)奸，導(dǎo)致她最終精神錯(cuò)亂，被送去瘋?cè)嗽�。布蘭奇自身的欲望在一定程度上毀滅了她自己。 對(duì)斯坦利人物形象的構(gòu)建，主要從“獸性”這一圖式出發(fā)�！矮F性”一詞在作品中一共出現(xiàn)過五次，每一次的出現(xiàn)都強(qiáng)化了斯坦利人物的塑造。結(jié)合對(duì)他行為的歸因可推斷出他是一個(gè)粗魯、野蠻的形象，暴力而缺乏理智，同時(shí)本能中充滿了欲望，與史黛拉的關(guān)系正是由于性欲望而維系，而他導(dǎo)致布蘭奇發(fā)瘋的一擊，正是他獸性中摧毀欲望的體現(xiàn)。斯坦利是嶄新、多元化美國的代表，與布蘭奇的南方思想格格不入，導(dǎo)致兩者的強(qiáng)烈沖突，最后在這場較量中，斯坦利打破了布蘭奇的欲望，充當(dāng)了布蘭奇悲劇的催化劑。 論文采用細(xì)讀文本和理論內(nèi)省的方法，抓住人物塑造理論的新動(dòng)態(tài)，從跨學(xué)科的角度探索了《欲望號(hào)街車》中兩個(gè)主要人物的形象，豐富了戲劇作品人物形象研究的理論與實(shí)踐。
[Abstract]:"A Streetcar Named Desire" is a famous American playwright Williams Tennessee early classic, the main characters, Blanche Dubois and Stanley Kowalski has been praised by the scholars at home and abroad widely attention. This paper is unique, from the cognitive stylistic characters under the perspective of the theory, in the guidance and limitations of relevance theory and cooperative principle theory. The application of Schema Theory and attribution theory, and combining with the dramatic text language clues on the two protagonists "A Streetcar Named Desire > characters were studied.
The schema is a cognitive structure information in the long-term memory storage system, provide the mode of understanding top-down to readers. The characters from the first schema activation, readers integrate each other through the existing schema knowledge and new information, to understand the characters. The attribution theory consists of the corresponding inference theory and covariant theory, the former through analysis of character behavior and public behavior, individual behavior and individual behavior with single level characters to infer a behavior in a context of not reflect his true character. The character image building is the reader to understand the characters of the process, is the author and the reader through the interactive process of the text.
The construction of Blanche characters from the three schemata, namely "desire", "gay" and "good woman". The "desire" constitutes the main line of Blanche's fate, is the cause of her tragedy. It is in the title indicates the emergence of this work is a desire to manipulate or happiness or to the destruction of the journey of life. It works there have been a total of four times, appearing every rich Blanche's characterization. "Gay" constitutes a turning point in her destiny, and the "good woman" is her split personality appearance. In the life of Blanche, Mickey Blanche carrying all desire the paper on the relationship between her and Mickey's attribution, found some local real and contradictory in her character. As a youth passing South Beauty, she is elegant, educated, is a good woman, However, in fact, her real life will betray her image, her strong desire of life, confusion, escapism, live in their own fantasy, fragile, anxiety, spirit of misfortunes collapsed gradually, finally Stanley's rape, she eventually leads to insanity, was sent to the asylum. Her own Blanche's desire to destroy in a certain extent.
The construction of Stanley characters, mainly from the "beast" of this schema. "Beast" is a word in the works appeared in a total of five times, each time has reinforced Stanley's characterization. Combined with the attribution of his behaviour can be inferred that he is a rude and savage image of violence at the same time and lack of reason, is full of desire and instinct, Stella's relationship is sustained due to sexual desire, and he led the Blanche crazy blow, is a manifestation of his brutal destroy desire. Stanley is new, the diversification of the representative of the United States, and Blanche's southern misfits thought, causing intense conflict between the two, finally in this game, Stanley broke Blanche's desire, Blanche's tragedy as catalyst.
Using the method of close reading of the text and Theoretical Introspection, grasp the theory of character portrayal of the developments, from the interdisciplinary perspective to explore "the two main characters in a Streetcar Named Desire" image, enrich the drama theory and Practice Research on the images of characters.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I712.073

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