發(fā)布時間：2019-05-06 08:21

【摘要】：腦-機接口是在腦和外部設備之間建立不依賴常規(guī)外周神經(jīng)和肌肉的直接的信息交流通路。實現(xiàn)該技術關鍵在于建立切實可行的實驗系統(tǒng)、精確檢測實驗動物肢體運動和神經(jīng)信息以及準確地從記錄到的神經(jīng)元鋒電位中解析出運動信號。目前以運動控制為目標的腦-機接口研究主要是以初級運動皮層為主,對次級運動皮層的研究還不夠深入,而次級運動皮層的神經(jīng)元集群發(fā)放也與肢體運動間也存在一定相關性。因此,本論文以大鼠為實驗對象,建立了大鼠壓桿行為實驗系統(tǒng),設計大鼠神經(jīng)元集群-壓桿信號的同步采集系統(tǒng),并成功采集到大鼠初級和次級運動皮層神經(jīng)信號,深入探討了大鼠的初級、次級運動皮層的神經(jīng)元集群發(fā)放與肢體運動間的相關性及運動皮層神經(jīng)解碼。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和特色為： 1、本論文設計了大鼠壓桿行為實驗系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)了神經(jīng)-壓桿信號的同步采集,提高后續(xù)數(shù)據(jù)分析處理效率。其中針對大鼠壓桿實驗中大鼠前肢運動參數(shù)的記錄,設計了壓桿檢測系統(tǒng),包括傳感器和檢測系統(tǒng),小量程大行程壓力傳感器能夠滿足大鼠前肢壓桿動作持續(xù)時間短、壓力微小的需要；檢測系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了實時在線記錄大鼠前肢運動壓力及在線調整壓桿運動參數(shù)功能,為實驗中大鼠壓桿行為的規(guī)范及前肢壓力的信號采集提供了可靠穩(wěn)定的實驗平臺。 2、本論文對原有的大鼠腦-機接口系統(tǒng)進行了改進,將電極植入腦區(qū)擴展至兩個運動皮層,突破了當前對大鼠腦-機接口中單一運動皮層神經(jīng)信號的記錄,且成功記錄到大鼠初級和次級運動皮層神經(jīng)元集群活動信息。 3、針對大鼠次級運動皮層的神經(jīng)元集群發(fā)放在肢體運動中表現(xiàn)出一定的活動,本論文建立了大鼠初級及次級運動皮層神經(jīng)解碼模型,從神經(jīng)元發(fā)放信息中解析出運動信號,在采用偏最小二乘回歸算法對次級運動皮層神經(jīng)解碼時,壓桿預測值與真實值的相關系數(shù)在0.5以上,表明次級運動皮層神經(jīng)元發(fā)放也可以用于對大鼠前肢壓桿運動的預測。 本論文研究建立了大鼠壓桿行為實驗系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)了大鼠肢體運動-神經(jīng)信號的同步采集及大鼠前肢壓桿運動參數(shù)在線記錄,將有助于提高腦-機接口實驗中動物運動信息的檢測能力；同時建立了次級運動皮層的神經(jīng)解碼,分析了大鼠次級運動皮層神經(jīng)元發(fā)放與壓桿運動間的相關性,結果表明次級運動皮層神經(jīng)元發(fā)放同樣能夠用于對壓桿信號進行預測,可做為腦-機接口重要的信息輸入源,提供額外的信息補充。
[Abstract]:Brain-computer interface (BCI) is the establishment of a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices that does not depend on conventional peripheral nerves and muscles. The key to realize this technique is to establish a practical experimental system, to accurately detect the limb movement and neural information of experimental animals, and to accurately resolve the motion signals from the recorded neural front potentials. At present, the research of brain-computer interface aimed at motion control is mainly based on the primary motor cortex, but the research on the secondary motor cortex is not deep enough. There was also a certain correlation between the release of neurons in the secondary motor cortex and limb movement. Therefore, in this paper, we set up a rat pressure bar behavior experiment system, designed a synchronous collection system of rat neuron cluster-pressure bar signal, and successfully collected neural signals of primary and secondary motor cortex of rats. The relationship between neuron cluster release from primary and secondary motor cortex and limb movement and the decoding of motor cortex nerve in rats were discussed in this paper. The main research contents and characteristics of this thesis are as follows: 1. In this paper, the experimental system of rat pressure bar behavior is designed, which realizes the synchronous acquisition of nerve-pressure bar signal and improves the efficiency of follow-up data analysis and processing. 2. In order to record the motion parameters of the forelimb in the pressure bar experiment of rats, a pressure bar detection system is designed, including sensor and detection system. The pressure sensor of small range and large stroke can satisfy the short duration of the action of the pressure bar of the rat forelimb. The need for small pressure; The system realizes the real-time on-line recording of the forelimb movement pressure and the on-line adjustment of the pressure bar motion parameters, which provides a reliable and stable experimental platform for the regulation of the rat pressure bar behavior and the signal acquisition of the forelimb pressure in the experiment. 2. In this paper, the original rat brain-computer interface system was improved, and the electrode implanted into the brain area was extended to two motor cortex, which broke through the recording of the single motor cortex nerve signal in the rat brain-computer interface. The activity information of neurons in primary and secondary motor cortex of rats was recorded successfully. 3. Aiming at the activity of neuron cluster release in the secondary motor cortex of rats, this paper established the decoding model of primary and secondary motor cortex nerve in rats, and analyzed the motor signal from the information of neuron release, and then established the neural decoding model of primary motor cortex and secondary motor cortex of rats. When the partial least squares regression algorithm was used to decode the secondary motor cortical nerve, the correlation coefficient between the predicted value of the compression bar and the real value was more than 0.5, which indicated that the release of the secondary motor cortex neuron could also be used to predict the movement of the compression bar of the forelimb in rats. In this paper, the experimental system of rat pressure bar behavior was established, which realized the simultaneous collection of limb movement-nerve signal and the on-line recording of the motion parameters of rat forelimb pressure bar. It will be helpful to improve the detection ability of animal motor information in brain-computer interface experiment. At the same time, the neural decoding of the secondary motor cortex was established, and the correlation between the release of the secondary motor cortex neuron and the movement of the strut was analyzed. The results showed that the release of the secondary motor cortex neuron could also be used to predict the signal of the secondary motor cortex. It can be used as an important input source for brain-computer interface to provide additional information.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R338.4

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本文編號：2470023