本文選題：外泌體 + 腫瘤免疫�。� 參考：《山東醫(yī)藥》2016年25期

【摘要】：外泌體(Exosomes)是囊泡轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的主要組成部分之一,囊泡轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)對(duì)于細(xì)胞發(fā)揮多種功能活動(dòng)起重要作用。釋放至細(xì)胞外面的Exosomes參與一系列生物過(guò)程,如免疫應(yīng)答、凋亡、血管生成、炎癥反應(yīng)、凝結(jié)過(guò)程、腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移、動(dòng)脈硬化、抗原提呈和治療受損器官等。諸多研究表明,不同細(xì)胞來(lái)源的Exosomes,通常含有相同的一套蛋白質(zhì)來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)膜骨架的動(dòng)態(tài)性及膜融合;另外,Exosomes中還包含核酸物質(zhì),統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為eRNA,Exosomes的生物學(xué)功能通過(guò)其攜帶蛋白質(zhì)和miRNA等到達(dá)受體細(xì)胞而發(fā)揮調(diào)控作用。Exosomes可由樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞、血小板、肥大細(xì)胞、內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞和腫瘤細(xì)胞等不同細(xì)胞類(lèi)型分泌,并可在多數(shù)體液如外周血、尿液、唾液、羊水、乳汁、腦脊液、支氣管肺泡灌洗液等體液中檢測(cè)到。諸多研究表明Exosomes攜帶的mRNA、miRNA和蛋白質(zhì)在疾病發(fā)生發(fā)展過(guò)程中會(huì)發(fā)生明顯變化,可作為疾病診斷的理想標(biāo)記物。在Exosomes治療疾病研究方面,目前比較關(guān)注的是骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞和樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞來(lái)源Exosomes的治療作用。
[Abstract]:Exocrine exosomes is one of the major components of vesicle transport. Vesicle transport plays an important role in the function of cells. Exosomes released outside cells are involved in a series of biological processes, such as immune response, apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, coagulation, tumor metastasis, arteriosclerosis, antigen presentation and treatment of damaged organs. Many studies have shown that exosomes from different cell sources usually contain the same set of proteins to regulate the dynamics and membrane fusion of membrane cytoskeleton, and exosomes also contain nucleic acids. The biological function of eRNA-exosomes can be regulated by carrying proteins and miRNA to the recipient cells. Exosomes can be secreted by different cell types, such as dendritic cells, platelets, mast cells, endothelial mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells. It can be detected in most fluids such as peripheral blood, urine, saliva, amniotic fluid, milk, cerebrospinal fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and so on. Many studies have shown that the mRNA-miRNA and protein carried by exosomes can change obviously during the process of disease development and can be used as ideal markers for disease diagnosis. In the research of exosomes, the therapeutic effect of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and dendritic cells is concerned.
【作者單位】： 廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第四附醫(yī)院;
【基金】：廣州市屬高�？蒲许�(xiàng)目(1201430440)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R363
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本文編號(hào)：2035730