發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-31 09:44

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 慢性間歇性缺氧 下丘腦-垂體-甲狀腺軸 大鼠　出處：《重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的: 制作一個(gè)可應(yīng)用于常壓狀態(tài)的慢性間歇性缺氧研究動(dòng)物模型,為深入研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征(Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)的發(fā)生發(fā)展相關(guān)機(jī)制提供一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。通過(guò)研究正常飼養(yǎng)條件下和慢性間歇性缺氧條件下以及去除缺氧因素(復(fù)氧)后對(duì)SD大鼠下丘腦-垂體-甲狀腺軸的影響,其中包括血清中促甲狀腺激素釋放激素(thyrotropin releasing hormone, TRH)、促甲狀腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH)、三碘甲狀腺原氨酸(triiodothyroxine, T3)、甲狀腺激素(thyroxine, T4)的各自變化以及相互關(guān)系,甲狀腺重量的比較,電鏡觀察大鼠下丘腦、垂體、甲狀腺組織超微結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,探討OSAHS患者下丘腦-垂體-甲狀腺軸功能損害和自我修復(fù)的可能機(jī)制,盡可能為OSAHS患者的臨床治療提供理論依據(jù)。 方法: 選取24只健康成年雄性SD大鼠,隨機(jī)分為空白(unhandled control, UC)組、慢性間歇性缺氧(chronic intermittent hypoxia, CIH)組組和復(fù)氧(去除缺氧)(Removal of hypoxia, RH)組,UC組正常飼養(yǎng),CIH組每日間歇性缺氧實(shí)驗(yàn)8小時(shí),連續(xù)4周,建立慢性間歇性缺氧實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物模型,RH組前4周飼養(yǎng)同CIH組,后4周正常飼養(yǎng),所有大鼠在實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束后抽取靜脈血分離血清,用放射免疫法檢測(cè)血清中TRH、TSH、T3、T4濃度,用電子天平稱量甲狀腺重量,同時(shí)用電鏡觀察三組大鼠下丘腦、垂體、甲狀腺超微結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。 結(jié)果: ①血清中TRH、TSH、T3、T4的濃度比較,CIH組較UC組和RH組明顯降低,而UC組和RH組之間無(wú)明顯差異。 ②稱量甲狀腺重量,CIH組明顯升高,與UC組和RH組比較差異有顯著性。UC組和RH組之間的差異無(wú)顯著性。 ③下丘腦,垂體,甲狀腺的超微結(jié)構(gòu)在CIH組均出現(xiàn)輕微缺氧改變,其中下丘腦的神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞線粒體可見(jiàn)輕度固縮改變,少量有髓神經(jīng)纖維可見(jiàn)沃勒氏變性,無(wú)髓神經(jīng)纖維軸漿有腫脹,電子密度變淺,垂體遠(yuǎn)側(cè)部可見(jiàn)嗜堿性細(xì)胞的內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)輕度腫脹、線粒體模糊,甲狀腺濾泡細(xì)胞縮小,上皮變低,線粒體有固縮,內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)、高爾基復(fù)合體腫脹,部分細(xì)胞有形態(tài)損害。而UC組和RH組無(wú)明顯異常。 結(jié)論: 慢性間歇性缺氧可使大鼠下丘腦-垂體-甲狀腺軸發(fā)生異常,反饋調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)紊亂,復(fù)氧能使其基本恢復(fù)正常。
[Abstract]:Objective: To make an animal model of chronic intermittent hypoxia which can be used in atmospheric pressure. To study the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. The pathogenesis and development of OSAHS provide an experimental platform. By studying the normal feeding conditions and chronic intermittent hypoxia conditions as well as the removal of hypoxia factors (reoxygenation). The effect on hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis of SD rats was observed. These include thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in serum. Thyrotropin stimulating hormoid, TSHN, triiodothyroxine, triiodothyroxine. The changes of thyroid hormone thyroid hormone (T4) and their relationship, the weight of thyroid gland, the hypothalamus and pituitary gland of rats were observed by electron microscope. To explore the possible mechanism of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis dysfunction and self-repair in patients with OSAHS. To provide the theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of OSAHS patients as much as possible. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (UCgroup). Chronic intermittent hypoxia and chronic intermittent hypoxia. The CIH group and the reoxygenation (RHH) group were treated with intermittent hypoxia for 8 hours daily in the normal feeding CIH group and in the reoxygenation group (RHU). After 4 weeks of chronic intermittent hypoxia, the RH group was fed with the same CIH group in the first four weeks, and the normal feeding time was 4 weeks later. All the rats were collected from venous blood to separate the serum after the experiment. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the concentration of TRHH TSHT _ 3 T _ 4, the weight of thyroid was weighed by electronic balance, and the ultrastructure of hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid in three groups were observed by electron microscope. Results: 1 the concentration of TRHH TSHT _ 3 T _ 4 in serum was significantly lower in CIH group than in UC and RH groups, but there was no significant difference between UC group and RH group. 2the weight of thyroid gland in CIH group was significantly higher than that in UC group and RH group. There was no significant difference between UC group and RH group. 3 the ultrastructure of hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid showed slight anoxia in CIH group, and the mitochondria of neuroendocrine cells in hypothalamus showed slight pyknosis. A small amount of myelinated nerve fibers showed Walller degeneration, swelling of axon of unmyelinated nerve fibers, shallowness of electron density, slight swelling of endoplasmic reticulum of basophilic cells in the distal part of pituitary gland and blur of mitochondria. Thyroid follicular cells were reduced, epithelium decreased, mitochondria pyknosis, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex swelling, and some cells were damaged, while UC group and RH group had no obvious abnormality. Conclusion: Chronic intermittent hypoxia can make hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis abnormal, feedback regulatory system disorder, reoxygenation can basically make it normal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：R363

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