本文關(guān)鍵詞： 三叉神經(jīng)節(jié) 人胚胎 節(jié)細(xì)胞 發(fā)育　出處：《新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的：觀察人胚胎三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及隨胎齡增長變化發(fā)育規(guī)律。方法：取不同胎齡段人胚胎灌注固定后,外科顯微鏡下取雙側(cè)三叉神經(jīng)節(jié),常規(guī)HE染色,光鏡觀察；細(xì)胞計數(shù)；圖像分析儀測量三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞直徑、面積和周長；電鏡下觀察細(xì)胞內(nèi)超微結(jié)構(gòu)；比較不同胎齡時期細(xì)胞器變化情況；取1例標(biāo)本在三叉神經(jīng)根處植入DiI染色晶體,37℃恒溫箱放置3個月,等待DiI染色晶體擴(kuò)散,根據(jù)神經(jīng)走向切片,熒光顯微鏡下觀察神經(jīng)元的形態(tài);另取1例做冰凍切片神經(jīng)元胞漿Nissl染色。結(jié)果：隨著胎齡增長三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞數(shù)目無顯著性變化；各胎齡組人胚胎三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞直徑,19周至25周基本無變化,25周至32周發(fā)育過程中,平均直徑增加最明顯,面積和周長明顯增大,與直徑變化規(guī)律一致。電鏡下,18-20周胎兒三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞排列緊密,胞質(zhì)少,可見到數(shù)量不多的線粒體,且其內(nèi)幾乎未見嵴,其它細(xì)胞器較少。25周時,線粒體嵴變長,粗面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)現(xiàn)雛形,有縱形小管出現(xiàn);27周時可觀察到成熟的高爾基復(fù)合體,32周時,線粒體、粗面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)等細(xì)胞器結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育趨于成熟；于33周電鏡下可見溶酶體；36周時細(xì)胞內(nèi)各種細(xì)胞器結(jié)構(gòu)和功能基本完善；DiI追蹤可清晰標(biāo)記神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞。結(jié)論：人胚胎三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞形態(tài)發(fā)育32周(8個月)時達(dá)成熟狀態(tài)；三叉神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞發(fā)育過程中隨胎齡增加,其結(jié)構(gòu)和功能逐步完善,32-36周(8-9月)是細(xì)胞的分化發(fā)育重要時期。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the morphological structure of trigeminal ganglion cells in human embryos and their developmental regularity with the increase of gestational age. Methods: the bilateral trigeminal ganglion was harvested under surgical microscope after different gestational age segments of human embryos were infused and fixed. Routine HE staining and light microscopic observation; Cell count; The diameter, area and perimeter of trigeminal ganglion cells were measured by image analyzer. The ultrastructure of the cells was observed under electron microscope. The changes of organelles at different gestational ages were compared. A specimen was implanted in a 37 鈩，

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