本文關(guān)鍵詞：山東大學(xué)齊魯醫(yī)院白內(nèi)障門診患者焦慮與抑郁發(fā)生現(xiàn)狀及影響因素研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 白內(nèi)障 門診患者 焦慮 抑郁 現(xiàn)況調(diào)查

【摘要】：研究背景 白內(nèi)障是眼科常見病和多發(fā)病,60歲以上老人患病率高達(dá)69.03%。白內(nèi)障是最常見的致盲和視力殘疾原因。因白內(nèi)障而失明的人群約占全世界致盲人數(shù)的40%,其中的大多數(shù)人處于發(fā)展中國家。我國目前因白內(nèi)障致盲的患者至少有400萬例,并且以每年40萬例的速度增長。 白內(nèi)障所致的視力損害在不同程度上影響了患者的工作,日常生活以及心理精神健康,使得生活質(zhì)量不同程度的下降。因此,在臨床實踐過程中,加強白內(nèi)障門診患者心理狀態(tài)及其影響因素的研究,探索影響白內(nèi)障患者負(fù)性心理的相關(guān)因素,并以此對患者實施科學(xué)有效的心理評估及健康教育干預(yù),提供良好的社會支持,使患者能夠積極配合所采取的相應(yīng)的治療,增強手術(shù)時的自主配合能力,促進術(shù)后的良好康復(fù),有效改善白內(nèi)障患者的心理健康狀況,樂觀面對現(xiàn)實,提高生活質(zhì)量,具有重要的社會現(xiàn)實意義。 研究目的 通過對白內(nèi)障門診患者焦慮與抑郁現(xiàn)狀進行問卷調(diào)查,了解白內(nèi)障患者焦慮、抑郁發(fā)生情況及其相關(guān)影響因素,以期為白內(nèi)障視力損害患者提供及時的心理護理和健康教育,幫助患者采取積極的應(yīng)對方式,提高白內(nèi)障患者的生活質(zhì)量提供參考依據(jù)。 資料與方法 隨機選取山東大學(xué)齊魯醫(yī)院眼科門診就診的529例白內(nèi)障患者作為調(diào)查對象,采用自制調(diào)查問卷、SAS和SDS量表進行訪談式調(diào)查獲得原始資料。資料分析采用t檢驗和方差分析。 主要結(jié)果 1)白內(nèi)障門診患者焦慮、抑郁發(fā)生情況：529例患者中62例存在不同程度的焦慮狀態(tài),占研究對象的11.72%；49例有不同程度的抑郁狀態(tài),占研究對象的9.23%。2)單因素分析結(jié)果：不同年齡、職業(yè)、家庭月收入層患者焦慮、抑郁狀態(tài)顯著不同；其抑郁狀態(tài)在不同婚姻狀況、疾病持續(xù)時間的患者中分布明顯不同,但焦慮狀態(tài)在這兩種人群中的分布無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義的差異；對于不同經(jīng)濟來的患者,無論是焦慮還是抑郁狀態(tài)都沒有明顯差異。3)多因素分析結(jié)果：①性別、年齡、職業(yè)、家庭月收入、合并癥、視力水平、健康自評等級和受教育程度對患者術(shù)前焦慮狀態(tài)有明顯影響。隨著家庭月收入、受教育程度以及健康水平和視力水平的提高,患者的焦慮評分也相應(yīng)降低。②合并癥、視力水平、醫(yī)療付費方式和健康自評等級對抑郁自評量表總粗分有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。隨著視力水平和健康自評等級的提高,患者的抑郁評分也相應(yīng)降低。4)相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果：白內(nèi)障患者的焦慮與抑郁之間存在顯著正相關(guān)性,焦慮狀態(tài)嚴(yán)重者,其抑郁狀態(tài)也嚴(yán)重。 結(jié)論與建議 白內(nèi)障患者存在不同程度的焦慮、抑郁狀態(tài),二者之間存在顯著相關(guān)性。積極為白內(nèi)障患者實施有效治療,做好患者的心理護理和干預(yù),增加社會支持水平,減輕他們的焦慮與抑郁狀況,提高生活質(zhì)量,正確面對現(xiàn)實,同時為患者提供“以人為本”的個性化健康教育干預(yù)及良好的社會支持,有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:Research background
Cataract is a common and frequently occurring disease in Ophthalmology, 60 years old the prevalence rate of 69.03%. cataract is the most common cause of blindness and visual disability. Cataract blindness crowd accounted for about 40% of the world population of blindness, which most people in developing countries. China's current caused by cataract patients with at least 4 million cases. And with a 400 thousand annual growth rate of cases.
Visual impairment caused by cataract affects the patient's work in different degrees, daily life and mental health, the decline in the quality of life in different degrees. Therefore, in clinical practice, strengthen the psychological state of patients with cataract clinic research and its influence factors, explore the influence factors of cataract patients of negative psychology, and then the implementation of scientific and effective psychological assessment and intervention of health education for patients, provide a good social support, so that patients can actively cooperate with the corresponding treatment, enhance the independent coordination ability at the time of surgery, promote postoperative rehabilitation, improve the mental health status of patients with cataract, optimistic in the face of reality, to improve the quality of life, with the important significance of social reality.
research objective
Through a questionnaire survey of patients with anxiety and depression status of outpatient cataract, cataract patients understand the anxiety, depression and related factors, and to provide psychological care and health education for patients with timely cataract visual impairment, help the patients to take positive coping style and provide a reference for improving the quality of life of patients with cataract.
Information and methods
A total of 529 cataract patients were selected from the ophthalmology clinic of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University. They were investigated by self-made questionnaire, SAS and SDS scale. The data were analyzed by t test and ANOVA.
Main results
1) the anxiety of patients with cataract clinic, the occurrence of depression: in 529 patients, 62 cases had different degrees of anxiety, accounting for 11.72% of the study participants; 49 cases had various degrees of depression, accounting for research object 9.23%.2) single factor analysis showed: different age, occupation, family income level in patients with anxiety and depression the state is significantly different; depression in different marital status, disease duration in patients with different differences, but there was no significant distribution of anxiety in the two crowd; for different economic to patients with either anxiety or depression have no difference in.3) multivariate analysis results: 1. Gender, age, occupation, family income levels, complications, visual acuity, self-reported health level and education level have significant effect on the anxiety of patients. With family income, education level And improve the health level and the level of visual acuity, patients with anxiety scores decreased. The complications, visual acuity, medical billing and self rated health level of self rating Depression Scale total score was statistically significant. With the self rating visual acuity level and improving the health of patients, depression scores decreased.4) the result of correlation analysis: there is a positive correlation between anxiety and depression in patients with cataracts, severe anxiety, depression is also serious.
Conclusions and suggestions
Cataract patients have different degrees of anxiety, depression, there is a significant correlation between the two. The active implementation of effective treatment for cataract patients, psychological nursing and intervention of patients, increase the level of social support, anxiety and depression status of them, improve the quality of life, the right to face the reality, while providing personalized health education intervention "" and a good social support for patients, has important practical significance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R776.1;R395

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本文編號：1440858