本文關(guān)鍵詞：新老湘語(yǔ)單音節(jié)詞首塞音的VOT對(duì)比分析，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

【摘要】：本研究通過(guò)田野調(diào)查和實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)分析對(duì)湘語(yǔ)七地(新湘語(yǔ)：長(zhǎng)沙、益陽(yáng)、湘陰；老湘語(yǔ)：城步、新寧、雙峰、湘鄉(xiāng))方言字首塞音的嗓音起始時(shí)間(VOT)聲學(xué)特征進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)地描寫(xiě),并結(jié)合語(yǔ)料對(duì)VOT的普遍意義及具體語(yǔ)音實(shí)現(xiàn)等相關(guān)理論做進(jìn)一步探討。本研究的研究問(wèn)題包括：1)湘語(yǔ)各方言點(diǎn)詞首塞音系統(tǒng)具有怎樣的VOT格局?2)VOT能否有效區(qū)分湘語(yǔ)的各類塞音?3)各方言點(diǎn)塞音VOT是否具有部位效應(yīng)?本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,各方言點(diǎn)選取8個(gè)講純正當(dāng)?shù)胤窖缘陌l(fā)音合作人(4男4女),朗讀一份由108～150個(gè)單字組成的調(diào)查字表,并采用錄音機(jī)、手提電腦錄音。通過(guò)對(duì)各點(diǎn)所有塞音的VOT值進(jìn)行測(cè)量和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,從聲學(xué)角度描寫(xiě)各點(diǎn)塞音VOT格局,并檢驗(yàn)VOT區(qū)分湘語(yǔ)的各類塞音的有效性及VOT值和各方言點(diǎn)塞音的發(fā)音部位的相關(guān)性。研究表明,老湘語(yǔ)各點(diǎn)均存在濁塞音,新湘語(yǔ)各點(diǎn)無(wú)濁塞音：第二,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析顯示,VOT值能明顯地把新、老湘語(yǔ)各點(diǎn)中的有清濁和送氣區(qū)別的塞音區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。新湘語(yǔ)中的清不送氣和清送氣塞音的VOT平均值大致為+15ms和+90ms,與前人對(duì)漢語(yǔ)普通話、粵語(yǔ)、甚至與英語(yǔ)、荷蘭語(yǔ)等的研究結(jié)論類似；老湘語(yǔ)中的濁不送氣、清不送氣和清送氣塞音的VOT平均值大致為-80ms、+15ms和+80ms,這和泰語(yǔ)、Hindi語(yǔ)等具有相同的三分塞音的VOT均值接近。第三,新老湘語(yǔ)各點(diǎn)的VOT的部位效應(yīng)存在差異。具體說(shuō)來(lái),湘陰和益陽(yáng)方言的清不送氣塞音類、長(zhǎng)沙方言的清送氣塞音類、城步方言的清塞音類、雙峰方言的清塞音類、新寧方言的清不送氣和濁塞音類存在部位效應(yīng)。然而,在湘鄉(xiāng)方言中,清不送氣、清送氣塞音類軟腭音VOT最長(zhǎng),但雙唇音和舌尖音不存在部位效應(yīng),其舌尖音的VOT值小于雙唇音的VOT值。此外,雙峰和湘鄉(xiāng)方言的濁塞音不存在部位效應(yīng),發(fā)音位置最靠后的軟腭音VOT值最小。因此,VOT的部位效應(yīng)不具有普遍意義,不同語(yǔ)言在不同塞音部位的VOT語(yǔ)音實(shí)現(xiàn)上有各自的規(guī)則。本研究的意義在于：首次對(duì)新、老湘語(yǔ)代表點(diǎn)的塞音VOT格局進(jìn)行語(yǔ)音學(xué)描述；驗(yàn)證了老湘語(yǔ)濁音的存在,描述了老湘語(yǔ)中的濁塞音VOT性質(zhì)：運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)論證VOT參數(shù)區(qū)分新、老湘語(yǔ)各方言點(diǎn)塞音音類的有效性,豐富了對(duì)塞音VOT的跨方言研究；通過(guò)湘語(yǔ)語(yǔ)料說(shuō)明VOT部位效應(yīng)不具有普遍意義。本研究豐富了湘語(yǔ)的描寫(xiě),此外,VOT作為重要的聲學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)參考,有助于提高未來(lái)方言合成和識(shí)別度。
【關(guān)鍵詞】：嗓音起始時(shí)間 塞音 新湘語(yǔ) 老湘語(yǔ)
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H174
【目錄】：

• 摘要8-9
• Abstract9-11
• Abbreviation11-14
• Chapter 1 Introduction14-20
• 1.1 Preliminaries14
• 1.2 Theoretical Background14-18
• 1.2.1 VOT Definition15
• 1.2.2 Stop Categories15-17
• 1.2.3 Place Effect on VOT17-18
• 1.3 Motivations and Significance for Present Research18-19
• 1.4 Organization of the Thesis19-20
• Chapter 2 Literature Review20-29
• 2.1 Stop System in Xiang Dialects20-24
• 2.1.1 Stop System of New Xiang Dialects20-22
• 2.1.2 Stop System of Old Xiang Dialects22-24
• 2.2 VOT Patterns in Mandarin and Dialects24-27
• 2.2.1 Mandarin VOT Pattern25-26
• 2.2.2 VOT Patterns in Other Dialects26-27
• 2.3 Summary27-29
• Chapter 3 Methodology29-32
• 3.1 Participants29
• 3.2 Test Materials29-30
• 3.3 Procedures30-31
• 3.3.1 Measurement31
• 3.3.2 Data Analysis31
• 3.4 Results31-32
• Chapter 4 Experimental Analysis of Three-way Contrast Stops in OXDs32-47
• 4.1 Experimental Analysis of Stops in SFD33-36
• 4.1.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in SFD33-34
• 4.1.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops34-35
• 4.1.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories35-36
• 4.2 Experimental Analysis of Stops in XXD36-40
• 4.2.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in XXD37-38
• 4.2.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops38
• 4.2.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories38-40
• 4.3 Experimental Analysis of Stops in XND40-43
• 4.3.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in XND40-41
• 4.3.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops41
• 4.3.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories41-43
• 4.4 Experimental Analysis of Stops in CBD43-45
• 4.4.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in CBD43-44
• 4.4.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops44
• 4.4.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories44-45
• 4.5 Summary45-47
• Chapter 5 Experimental Analysis of Two-way Contrast Stops in NXDs47-57
• 5.1 Experimental Analysis of Stops in XYD49-51
• 5.1.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in XYD49-50
• 5.1.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops50
• 5.1.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories50-51
• 5.2 Experimental Analysis of Stops in YYD51-54
• 5.2.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in YYD52
• 5.2.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops52
• 5.2.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories52-54
• 5.3 Experimental Analysis of Stops in CSD54-56
• 5.3.1 VOT Pattern of Stops in XND54-55
• 5.3.2 The Trade-off Effect of POA among Stops55
• 5.3.3 VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories55-56
• 5.4 Summary56-57
• Chapter 6 Discussion57-64
• 6.1 VOT Pattern Comparison between Old and New Xiang Dialects57-58
• 6.2 The Universality of VOT in Differentiating Different Stop Categories58-62
• 6.2.1 VOT in Differentiating Two-Category languages59-61
• 6.2.2 VOT in Differentiating Three-Category languages61-62
• 6.3 Non-university of POA among Stops62-63
• 6.4 Summary63-64
• Conclusion64-66
• References66-68
• Appendix A Test Tables for Recording68-71
• Appendix B 詳細(xì)中文摘要71-73
• Appendix C Information of the informants73-75
• Acknowledgement75

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：新老湘語(yǔ)單音節(jié)詞首塞音的VOT對(duì)比分析，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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本文編號(hào)：440957