疑問(wèn)詞是特指問(wèn)句中傳達(dá)疑問(wèn)信息的重要手段,疑問(wèn)詞的研究在語(yǔ)言學(xué)界具有舉足輕重的地位,國(guó)內(nèi)外的專(zhuān)家、學(xué)者都對(duì)其進(jìn)行過(guò)描述、解釋和研究�！霸趺础焙汀癶ow”通常被語(yǔ)言學(xué)家們劃分為疑問(wèn)副詞,是英漢語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)詞的重要成員。漢語(yǔ)的“怎么”與英語(yǔ)的“how”都在各自的語(yǔ)言中用以指代未知信息,表達(dá)疑問(wèn),構(gòu)成特指疑問(wèn)句。本文以?xún)稍~在語(yǔ)法層面上的這一對(duì)應(yīng)性作為對(duì)比的基礎(chǔ),以認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)和對(duì)比語(yǔ)言學(xué)的一般理論和方法為指導(dǎo),對(duì)“怎么”和“how”用于疑問(wèn)以及非疑問(wèn)的用法進(jìn)行描寫(xiě)和分析。對(duì)于“怎么”和“how”的疑問(wèn)用法,目前,從語(yǔ)法功能角度來(lái)看,還未見(jiàn)詳細(xì)的對(duì)比和分析。通過(guò)本文的研究,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)：從句法上看,“怎么”和“how”最常用和最靈活的用法是在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),詢(xún)問(wèn)原因和方式。在對(duì)話(huà)情景下都可單獨(dú)成句,表達(dá)疑問(wèn)。但是兩者在語(yǔ)義和句法功能上很多時(shí)候并不是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的�！癶ow”充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)還可以對(duì)度量和程度進(jìn)行詢(xún)問(wèn),還可以構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)疑問(wèn)句。“怎么”在特定的句法環(huán)境下可以充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。而本文不僅以大量實(shí)例詳細(xì)描述“怎么”和“how”的句法功能,并且分析了兩者在英漢互譯的對(duì)應(yīng)性,以及兩者所構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序和各自加強(qiáng)疑... 

【文章來(lái)源】：湖南師范大學(xué)湖南省211工程院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：91 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Introduction
    0.1 The Motivation of the Study
    0.2 The Scope of the Study
    0.3 The Significance of the Study
    0.4 The Organization of the Thesis
Chapter One Literature Review
    1.1 Studies of Chinese Interrogative Zenme
    1.2 Studies of English Interrogative How
    1.3 Studies of Zenme-How Contrast
    1.4 Summary
Chapter Two Theoretical Bases
    2.1 Theories of Contrastive Linguistics
    2.2 Theories of Cognitive Linguistics
Chapter Three The Contrast of Interrogative Usages
    3.1 Contrast of Syntactic Functions
        3.1.1 Zenme and How as Adverbials
            3.1.1.1 Zenme and How as Adverbials of Manner
            3.1.1.2 Zenme and How as Adverbials of Reason
            3.1.1.3 How as Adverbials of Measure and Degree
        3.1.2 Zenme and How as Single-word Questions
        3.1.3 Zenme as Attributive
        3.1.4 Zenme as a Predicate
        3.1.5 How as a Predicative
    3.2 Contrast of Word Orders
        3.2.1 The Word Order of Zenme-Questions
        3.2.2 The Word Order of How-Questions
    3.3 The Ways to Intensify Interrogation
        3.3.1 The Ways to Intensify Interrogation of Zenme
        3.3.2 The Ways to Intensify Interrogation of How
Chapter Four Contrast of Non-interrogative Usages
    4.1 Contrast in Exclamations
        4.1.1 Zenme in Exclamation
        4.1.2 How in Exclamation
    4.2. Contrast in Rhetorical Questions
        4.2.1 Zenme and How Refer to Reason
        4.2.2 Zenme and How Refer to Manner
    4.3 Contrast of Arbitrary Reference
        4.3.1 The Arbitrary Reference of Zenme
        4.3.2 The Arbitrary Reference of How
    4.4 Subjunctive Reference of Zenme
        4.4.1 The Single Usage
        4.4.2 The Overlapping Usage
    4.5 How as Complementizer
Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgements


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
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博士論文
[1]現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)代詞的多視角研究[D]. 瑪琳娜·吉布拉澤.南京師范大學(xué) 2005
[2]疑問(wèn)代詞的非疑問(wèn)用法[D]. 張尹瓊.復(fù)旦大學(xué) 2005

碩士論文
[1]特殊疑問(wèn)句的認(rèn)知研究[D]. 胡燕慈.河南大學(xué) 2007
[2]非疑問(wèn)用法的“什么”及其相關(guān)格式[D]. 肖任飛.華中師范大學(xué) 2006
[3]英漢語(yǔ)序?qū)Ρ确治鯷D]. 陳金鳳.南昌大學(xué) 2006
[4]“怎么”反問(wèn)句的研究及其教學(xué)思考[D]. 肖治野.暨南大學(xué) 2004
[5]疑問(wèn)詞移位和疑問(wèn)詞原位[D]. 許敏.南京師范大學(xué) 2003
[6]漢語(yǔ)的“怎么”在英語(yǔ)中的對(duì)應(yīng)形式[D]. 李俊香.延邊大學(xué) 2003



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