【摘要】：長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)都存在著一個(gè)誤解,那就是只有諸如中國(guó)和日本等東方國(guó)家的語(yǔ)言里才有敬語(yǔ),對(duì)于講英語(yǔ)的西方國(guó)家,其語(yǔ)言中不存在敬語(yǔ)。事實(shí)上作為表達(dá)禮貌與尊敬的一種方式,敬語(yǔ)毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)也存在于所有語(yǔ)言之中。像其他語(yǔ)言形式一樣,它表達(dá)個(gè)人的情感,反映社會(huì)地位,并不斷地協(xié)調(diào)著人際關(guān)系。 對(duì)于敬語(yǔ)的研究,之前多集中于漢語(yǔ),尤其是古漢語(yǔ)敬語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言形式及運(yùn)用。中外學(xué)者們并沒有對(duì)英語(yǔ)敬語(yǔ)的重要性給予相應(yīng)的重視,讓人們誤解了西方人懂得禮貌的文化傳統(tǒng)。加之相關(guān)對(duì)比研究的缺乏,人們?cè)诳缥幕浑H的過(guò)程中找不到相應(yīng)的指導(dǎo),這在一定程度上對(duì)交際形成了障礙。 鑒于上述存在的問(wèn)題,本論文旨在通過(guò)現(xiàn)代英漢敬語(yǔ)的對(duì)比研究,洞察敬語(yǔ)在英漢兩種語(yǔ)言中的異同,以消除誤解,并提高人們?cè)谙嚓P(guān)方面跨文化交際的意識(shí)。全文共分為五章。首先,本文綜述了國(guó)內(nèi)外的相關(guān)研究成果,主要分析語(yǔ)言、文化,跨文化交際與禮貌原則,為英漢敬語(yǔ)的對(duì)比研究提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。第二章介紹了英漢敬語(yǔ)的形式并揭示了他們的共性和差異。論文首先討論了敬語(yǔ)的定義及其起源,然后根據(jù)表達(dá)方式、性質(zhì)及功能對(duì)其進(jìn)行分類,隨后分析英漢敬語(yǔ)各自的語(yǔ)言特征,最后介紹了敬語(yǔ)在日常交際中所起的作用。第三章通過(guò)英漢敬語(yǔ)的案例分析,揭示英、漢禮貌原則在各自語(yǔ)言形式中的具體表現(xiàn),探究在不同文化背景下英漢敬語(yǔ)及禮貌原則的異同。第四章深入挖掘敬語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言形式背后的文化內(nèi)涵,從國(guó)家和社會(huì)意識(shí)形態(tài)的角度分析造成不同敬語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式及運(yùn)用的成因。第五章對(duì)敬語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用,尤其是在跨文化交際中的使用,提出了指導(dǎo)性的建議。 通過(guò)上述對(duì)比研究,作者得出結(jié)論：西方文化同中國(guó)文化一樣重視禮貌,英語(yǔ)中存在著大量的敬語(yǔ),表現(xiàn)在詞匯、句型和語(yǔ)法等各個(gè)語(yǔ)言層面上；由于中西方文化的差異,中英敬語(yǔ)在表現(xiàn)形式及文化內(nèi)涵上都存在著顯著的差異；因此,我們應(yīng)該運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的策略避免由中英敬語(yǔ)文化差異而形成的誤解和障礙,提高跨文化交際意識(shí)。
[Abstract]:There has long been a misunderstanding that honorific language exists only in languages of oriental countries such as China and Japan, and that there is no honorific language in English-speaking Western countries. In fact, as a way of expressing politeness and respect, honorific language undoubtedly exists in all languages. Like other forms of language, it expresses personal feelings, reflects social status, and constantly coordinates interpersonal relationships. The study of honorific language has focused on the form and application of honorific language in Chinese, especially in ancient Chinese. Chinese and foreign scholars have not paid attention to the importance of English honorific language, which makes people misunderstand the cultural tradition that Westerners know politeness. In addition, there is a lack of relevant contrastive research, people can not find the corresponding guidance in the process of cross-cultural communication, which forms an obstacle to communication to a certain extent. In view of the above problems, the purpose of this paper is to explore the similarities and differences between English and Chinese honorific languages through the contrastive study of modern English and Chinese honorific languages, in order to eliminate misunderstandings and improve people's awareness of intercultural communication in related aspects. The full text is divided into five chapters. First of all, this paper summarizes the relevant research results at home and abroad, mainly analyzes the principles of language, culture, intercultural communication and politeness, which provides a theoretical basis for the contrastive study of honorific language between English and Chinese. The second chapter introduces the forms of honorific words in English and Chinese and reveals their commonalities and differences. This paper first discusses the definition and origin of honorific, then classifies it according to its expression, nature and function, then analyzes the linguistic features of English and Chinese honorific, and finally introduces the role of honorific in daily communication. The third chapter reveals the concrete expression of English and Chinese politeness principles in their respective language forms through the case study of English and Chinese honorific expressions, and explores the similarities and differences between English and Chinese honorific principles and politeness principles in different cultural backgrounds. The fourth chapter deeply excavates the cultural connotation behind the honorific language form, and analyzes the different forms of expression and the causes of its application from the perspective of national and social ideology. The fifth chapter puts forward some instructive suggestions on the use of honorific language, especially in cross-cultural communication. Through the above contrastive study, the author draws the conclusion that western culture attaches as much importance to politeness as Chinese culture, and there are a large number of honorific words in English, which are manifested in vocabulary, sentence type and grammar, and there are significant differences in the form and cultural connotation of honorific language between China and the West due to the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. Therefore, we should use the corresponding strategies to avoid the misunderstandings and obstacles caused by the cultural differences between Chinese and English honorific languages, and to improve the awareness of cross-cultural communication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

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