【摘要】：本論文以吳樹平校注的《東觀漢記校注》副詞作為研究對象。今人對《東觀漢記》的研究主要集中在�？弊⑨尫矫�，目前還沒有人對《東觀漢記》詞類語法方面進行系統(tǒng)全面地考察。本文通過窮盡式調(diào)查方法，，首次對《東觀漢記》的副詞作了全面地分析和整理，屬于專書語法研究。 通過統(tǒng)計和分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)《東觀漢記》共有副詞167個，分成時間副詞、程度副詞、范圍副詞、否定副詞、語氣副詞、謙敬副詞和情狀副詞七類。其中時間副詞的詞量最多，共61個；否定副詞出現(xiàn)的頻率最高，共1406次，占全部副詞出現(xiàn)總頻率（4092次）的34.4%。 通過對《東觀漢記》每個副詞的使用頻率、位置的記錄分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)《東觀漢記》各類副詞集中分布在謂語前后，特別是位于動詞性謂語前。時間副詞主要用在謂語前，約占83.2%，其中用在動詞性謂語前902次，約占76.5%；程度副詞用在謂語前249次，約占使用總次數(shù)的92.9%，主要用在動詞性謂語前，約占55.2%；范圍副詞用在謂語前共計594次，約占使用總數(shù)的88.4%，其中用在動詞性謂語前482次，約占使用總數(shù)的71.7%；否定副詞用在謂語前1335次，約占94.95%，并且主要用在動詞性謂語前，約占83.93%；語氣副詞用在謂語前267次，約占使用總次數(shù)的85.6%，其中用在動詞性謂語前250次，約占使用總次數(shù)的80.1%；謙敬副詞用在謂語前約占使用總次數(shù)的95.6%，其中用在動詞性謂語前約占使用總次數(shù)的73.1%；情狀副詞用在謂語前186次，約占使用總次數(shù)的98.9%，其中用在動詞性謂語前184次，約占使用總次數(shù)97.9%。 其次我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)《東觀漢記》各類副詞內(nèi)部使用不平衡，單音節(jié)副詞明顯多于復(fù)音節(jié)副詞占絕對優(yōu)勢。 另外《東觀漢記》中見于上古漢語的副詞出現(xiàn)頻率較高，中古時期新興的副詞，出現(xiàn)頻率較低。通過對《東觀漢記》副詞系統(tǒng)的研究，可以觀察中古漢語副詞的基本使用情況，看出漢語副詞是一個比較穩(wěn)定的系統(tǒng)，大部分詞匯被繼承并被一直沿用，同時又有新的副詞產(chǎn)生，不斷變化豐富詞匯系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:This thesis focuses on the adverbs of Wu Shuping's Annotation of East China. At present, the study of Dongguan Han Ji is mainly focused on the collation annotation, but no one has made a systematic and comprehensive investigation on the grammar of the parts of speech in Dongguan Han Ji at present. By means of exhaustive investigation, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis and arrangement of the adverbs of Dongguan Han Ji for the first time, which belongs to the study of the grammar of the special book. Through statistics and analysis, we find that there are 167 adverbs, which are divided into seven categories: time adverbs, degree adverbs, scope adverbs, negative adverbs, mood adverbs, humble adverbs and modal adverbs. The frequency of negative adverbs was the highest, 1406 times, accounting for 34.4% of the total frequency (4092 times) of all adverbs. Based on the analysis of the usage frequency and position of each adverb in Dongguan Han Ji, it is found that all kinds of adverbs are concentrated before and after predicate, especially in front of verb predicate. Time adverbs are mainly used before predicate, accounting for about 83.2%, among which, it is used in the first 902 times of verb-part predicate, accounting for about 76.5%; Degree adverbs are used 249 times before predicate, accounting for 92.9% of the total number of times used, mainly used before verb-part predicate, accounting for about 55.2%; Range adverbs were used in 594 times before predicate, accounting for 88.4% of the total usage, of which 482 times were used before verb-part predicate, accounting for 71.7% of the total usage; Negative adverbs are used 1335 times before predicate, accounting for 94.95%, and mainly used before verb-part predicate, accounting for 83.93%; Mood adverbs were used in 267 times before predicate, accounting for 85.6% of the total usage times, among which 250 times were used before verb-part predicates, accounting for 80.1% of the total usage times; The use of humility adverbs is about 95.6% of the total number of times used before predicate, of which 73.1% is used before verb-part predicate; Situational adverbs are used 186 times before predicate, accounting for 98.9% of the total usage times, among which 184 times are used before verb-part predicates, accounting for 97.9% of the total usage times. Secondly, we also find that the use of adverbs in Dongguan Han Ji is unbalanced, and the monosyllabic adverbs are obviously more than the complex adverbs. In addition, the frequency of adverbs found in ancient Chinese is higher in Dongguan Han Ji, and the frequency of adverbs emerging in middle ancient times is lower. Through the study of the adverb system of Dongguan Han Ji, we can observe the basic use of adverbs in middle ancient Chinese. We can see that Chinese adverbs are a relatively stable system, and most of the words are inherited and used all the time. At the same time, there are new adverbs, constantly changing the vocabulary system.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H141

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