【摘要】：指稱和陳述是所有語言里都存在的語義表述功能,指稱和陳述之間的相互轉化也是人類語言的普遍現(xiàn)象。在形態(tài)語言里,陳述轉化為指稱,即“指稱化”,一般會有形式上的標記,但是指稱轉化為陳述,即“陳述化”,則一般是直接用為動詞而少有形式上的標記。在古漢語中,指稱向陳述的轉化更為隱蔽,不僅包括直接用為動詞的名詞,還要根據(jù)句法位置來進行判斷。 論文以《史記》(下)為基本研究語料,在對各句法位置的表述功能進行研究的基礎上,考察了《史記》敘述句謂語、判斷句謂語、狀語、補語等位置上體詞性成分的語義特點和發(fā)生陳述化的程度。本文通過分析、篩選這幾個句法位置上的體詞性成分,在窮盡性調查、統(tǒng)計語料的基礎上,對《史記》(下)中的發(fā)生陳述化的體詞性成分進行研究,并對陳述化理論作出深入思考。全文論述內容如下： 本文基于前人研究的基礎上,先討論了與指稱和陳述相關的理論問題及“陳述化”的界定；體詞性成分發(fā)生陳述化的句法位置的確定；發(fā)生陳述化的體詞性成分相關的語義特征等。然后全面考察分析了這四個句法位置上發(fā)生陳述化的體詞性成分：判斷句謂語、敘述句謂語、狀語和補語。判斷句謂語和敘述句謂語位置上的體詞性成分,我們主要分析其表達陳述時所凸顯的語義內涵中的陳述性側面。狀語和補語位置上的體詞性成分,我們主要考察它們的所陳述對象以及它們和所陳述對象之間的陳述關系,以確定它們發(fā)生陳述化的不同程度。最后,我們通過對狀語和補語位置體詞性成分與動詞構成的語義關系的分析,認為狀語比補語位置上的體詞性成分發(fā)生陳述化的程度更高。 本文著眼于漢語固有特點,在前人研究的基礎上,全面考察了《史記》(下)中的“陳述化”現(xiàn)象,并初步建立了一個與表達陳述的句法位置相對應的語義系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Reference and statement are semantic expression functions existing in all languages. The mutual transformation between reference and statement is also a common phenomenon in human language. In morphological language, a statement is transformed into a reference, that is, "referential", which generally has formal marks, but the reference is transformed into a statement, that is, "declarative", which is usually directly used as a verb without a formal mark. In ancient Chinese, the transformation from reference to statement is more subtle, including not only nouns that are directly used as verbs, but also syntactic positions. On the basis of the study of the functions of the syntactic positions, this paper studies the predicates, predicates and adverbials of the narrative sentences in the Book of History. The semantic characteristics and the degree of representation of the part of speech in the position of complement. Based on the exhaustive investigation and statistical data, this paper studies the declarative part of speech components in the Book of History (part II) by analyzing and selecting the parts of speech in these syntactic positions, and on the basis of exhaustive investigation and statistical data, this paper makes a study of the body parts of speech that occur in the Records of the historian (part of the book). And make a deep thought to the declarative theory. The main contents of the thesis are as follows: based on the previous studies, this paper first discusses the theoretical problems related to reference and statement and the definition of "declarative"; The semantic features related to the declarative aspect and part of speech components, etc. Then, the thesis analyzes the four aspects of declarative parts of speech in these syntactic positions: predicate of judgment sentence, predicate of narrative sentence, adverbial and complement. We mainly analyze the declarative aspects of the semantic connotation of the predicates in the predicates and the predicates in the narrative sentences. The adverbial and complement positions are part of speech. We mainly investigate their stated objects and the relationship between them and their declarative objects in order to determine the different degrees of their representation. Finally, by analyzing the semantic relationship between adverbial and complement position parts of speech and verbs, we conclude that adverbials are more declarative than complement positions. This paper focuses on the inherent characteristics of Chinese, and on the basis of previous studies, makes a comprehensive study of the "declarative" phenomenon in Records of the historian (part II), and establishes a semantic system corresponding to the syntactic position of expressing statements.
【學位授予單位】：北京大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H141

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 朱德熙 ,v緙孜，

本文編號：2418730