【摘要】：海南黎語(yǔ)分為五個(gè)方言區(qū)，這五個(gè)方言區(qū)分別為哈方言，杞方言，潤(rùn)方言，美孚方言和加茂方言區(qū)。其中選取哈方言區(qū)是使用人數(shù)最多，大約占整個(gè)黎族人口的58㳠是分布最廣，最具代表性的一個(gè)方言區(qū)。在改革開放以前，由于交通經(jīng)濟(jì)等因素對(duì)黎語(yǔ)的影響并不大，使得黎語(yǔ)中的很多詞匯都還保留著本民族讀音和用法和用法。但是隨著漢語(yǔ)的進(jìn)一步滲透,特別是廣播、電影、電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體的影響，黎語(yǔ)作為弱勢(shì)語(yǔ)言，使用功能正在逐漸衰退。在發(fā)展過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)用現(xiàn)象，少數(shù)民族語(yǔ)言從單一語(yǔ)言到雙語(yǔ)甚至多語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言演變是很普遍的，可以運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)中的語(yǔ)言接觸理論進(jìn)行分析，語(yǔ)言接觸的程度和語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)用的程度需要結(jié)合少數(shù)民族語(yǔ)言的使用情況來(lái)分析。所以本文結(jié)合語(yǔ)言接觸學(xué)理論中語(yǔ)言內(nèi)部因素和語(yǔ)言外部因素分析黎語(yǔ)哈方言的發(fā)展問(wèn)題。 緒論部分就當(dāng)今接觸語(yǔ)言學(xué)的研究現(xiàn)狀和黎語(yǔ)的研究歷史進(jìn)行介紹，主要概述了當(dāng)今語(yǔ)言接觸學(xué)理論研究成果，以及本文選擇的的研究方法。其次對(duì)以往的黎語(yǔ)研究著作和人物進(jìn)行了論述，旨在找到本文研究的創(chuàng)新之處：以前有關(guān)黎語(yǔ)的著作旨在全面介紹黎語(yǔ)五大方言區(qū)的分區(qū)，語(yǔ)音和詞匯區(qū)別，語(yǔ)言是隨社會(huì)的發(fā)展而變化的，這五十多年間，黎語(yǔ)所依托的社會(huì)環(huán)境發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。隨著對(duì)少數(shù)民族文化關(guān)注程度的日益提高，黎錦，黎族風(fēng)俗民情等方面近些年來(lái)都得到了很好的開發(fā)和保護(hù)。相比之下對(duì)黎族語(yǔ)言的保護(hù)和關(guān)注程度卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足。本文的創(chuàng)新之處就是結(jié)合民族學(xué)和語(yǔ)言學(xué)的知識(shí)對(duì)制約黎語(yǔ)發(fā)展的因素如民族認(rèn)同感淡薄，民族心理素質(zhì)的變化以及強(qiáng)勢(shì)語(yǔ)言的影響等方面進(jìn)行細(xì)致的總結(jié)分析。通過(guò)對(duì)黎語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)音，詞匯進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查，使用國(guó)際音標(biāo)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦陌l(fā)音進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的記錄，結(jié)合相關(guān)黎語(yǔ)著作對(duì)黎語(yǔ)詞匯、語(yǔ)法、進(jìn)行概述，以便系統(tǒng)了解黎語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言體系。并且結(jié)合調(diào)查過(guò)程中進(jìn)行的問(wèn)卷，了解當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駥?duì)本民族語(yǔ)言的態(tài)度。之后采用數(shù)據(jù)分析的方法得出具體數(shù)據(jù)，用具體的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)引證文章的論點(diǎn)。 正文部分主要是從語(yǔ)言內(nèi)部的規(guī)律和外部因素來(lái)論證。語(yǔ)言的內(nèi)部規(guī)律中，本文以哈方言為例分別從語(yǔ)音，詞匯和語(yǔ)法方面對(duì)黎語(yǔ)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要的概述。語(yǔ)音部分主要介紹了哈方言區(qū)的聲母，韻母和聲調(diào)。此外本文還對(duì)黎語(yǔ)哈方言區(qū)的詞匯和語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的概述，從中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，黎語(yǔ)從語(yǔ)音，詞匯以及語(yǔ)法都是可以自成一體的。即使在當(dāng)今漢語(yǔ)作為強(qiáng)勢(shì)的語(yǔ)言影響之下，詞匯也許會(huì)發(fā)生一些變化，不斷的有新詞融入到黎語(yǔ)的詞匯體系中去。新詞的融入會(huì)帶來(lái)一部分本民族詞匯的的消亡，但是也可以從中得出黎語(yǔ)自身的語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng)對(duì)黎語(yǔ)發(fā)展的積極作用。新詞的融入對(duì)保持民族語(yǔ)言的活力起著至關(guān)重要的作用。但是語(yǔ)言不是一成不變的，黎語(yǔ)雖然有一套自己的語(yǔ)言使用的規(guī)則，但是面對(duì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的浪潮，，經(jīng)濟(jì)，政治，文化，社會(huì)發(fā)展這些外部因素的影響使得黎語(yǔ)的保護(hù)和傳承工作也面臨挑戰(zhàn)。文章正文部分的第二章就是從外部因素來(lái)論證這些因素對(duì)黎語(yǔ)的保護(hù)所造成的負(fù)面的影響。本章節(jié)中主要結(jié)合民族學(xué)和語(yǔ)言學(xué)的知識(shí)，從黎語(yǔ)使用者的民族心理素質(zhì)，民族文化和民族認(rèn)同感等方面進(jìn)行研究分析。通過(guò)本文的研究和分析，找出制約黎語(yǔ)發(fā)展的原因。在語(yǔ)言因素方面，論文主要運(yùn)用調(diào)研過(guò)程中所做的對(duì)黎語(yǔ)使用情況的調(diào)查問(wèn)卷，結(jié)合語(yǔ)言接觸的理論進(jìn)行分析。在本章節(jié)中會(huì)涉及導(dǎo)致黎族民族語(yǔ)言不斷分化的原因，不僅要從漢語(yǔ)作為強(qiáng)勢(shì)語(yǔ)言對(duì)其產(chǎn)生的影響，還要著重分析黎族當(dāng)?shù)厥褂谜叩恼Z(yǔ)言態(tài)度問(wèn)題。黎語(yǔ)的發(fā)展問(wèn)題離不開當(dāng)?shù)乩枳鍍和瘜?duì)黎語(yǔ)的態(tài)度，當(dāng)?shù)亟逃袑?duì)黎語(yǔ)的重視程度，這些部分結(jié)論的得出都依賴于在調(diào)查過(guò)程中所做的問(wèn)卷分析。黎語(yǔ)傳承和發(fā)展面臨危機(jī)的另外一個(gè)因素就是他們沒有自己的文字，語(yǔ)言的傳承只能靠口耳相傳，這就限制了黎語(yǔ)的發(fā)展。在這一章節(jié)中，本文會(huì)著重論述黎文沒有傳承下來(lái)的原因。雖然詞匯的發(fā)展能夠增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)言的活力，但是黎語(yǔ)面對(duì)強(qiáng)勢(shì)的漢語(yǔ)影響，尤其是近幾年出現(xiàn)的新詞都是從漢語(yǔ)中直接借用，雖然黎語(yǔ)有其自己的詞匯系統(tǒng)，但是大量的借詞引入已經(jīng)讓當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣駟适н\(yùn)用本民族語(yǔ)言來(lái)構(gòu)詞的能力，這一章節(jié)會(huì)分析漢語(yǔ)是如何影響黎語(yǔ)的詞匯系統(tǒng)的。
[Abstract]:The Li language of Hainan is divided into five dialects, and the five dialects are the two dialects, the local dialect, the run-up dialect, the mobile dialect and the Maomao dialect area, respectively. The number of people in the area is the largest, accounting for about 58 of the population of the whole Li family. The most representative one of the dialect areas. Before the reform and opening-up, the influence of traffic economy and other factors on the Li-language is not great, so many of the words in the Li language retain the pronunciation and usage and usage of the nation. But with the further infiltration of Chinese, especially the influence of broadcasting, film, television and network media, Li's language is a weak language, and the use function is gradually declining. in that course of development, the phenomenon of the diversion of the language and the evolution of the minority language from a single language to a bilingual and even multilingual language are common, and the language contact theory in linguistics can be used for analysis, The degree of language contact and the degree of language diversion need to be analyzed in combination with the use of minority languages. Therefore, this paper analyses the development of Li-Hu dialect in terms of the internal factors and the external factors of the language in the theory of language contact. The introduction part introduces the current research situation of the contact linguistics and the research history of the Li language, and mainly gives an overview of the research results of the current language contact theory, as well as the research party selected in this paper. The second is to discuss the previous works and characters of Li's studies. The purpose of this paper is to find the place of the research in this paper. The previous works of Li Yu are designed to introduce the division, the speech and the vocabulary difference of the five dialect areas in the Li language. The language is changed with the development of the society. This is more than 50 years. The social environment, depending on the Li language, has changed over and over With the increasing attention of the minority culture, Li Jin and Li's customs have been well developed and protected in recent years. In contrast, the protection and attention of the Li nationality language is far from the other The innovation of this article is to combine the knowledge of ethnology and linguistics to make a detailed summary of the factors that restrict the development of the Li, such as the light of the national identity, the change of the national psychological quality and the influence of the strong language. In this paper, the author makes a survey on the pronunciation and the vocabulary of Li, and uses the international phonetic symbol to record the pronunciation of the local residents. In the light of the relevant Li's works, the author gives an overview of the Li's vocabulary and grammar, so that the system can understand the language body of the Li language. to understand the status of the local population in the national language in conjunction with the questionnaire carried out in the course of the investigation After that, the method of data analysis is used to obtain the specific data, and the theory of the article is cited with specific data. points. The body part is mainly from the law of the interior of the language and the external factors In the internal law of the language, this paper gives a brief introduction to the Li-language from the aspects of speech, vocabulary and grammar. The speech part mainly introduces the initial consonants and the finals of the area. In addition, this paper gives a brief introduction to the vocabulary and grammar of the dialect area of the Li language, from which it can be found that the Li language can be self-contained in terms of speech, vocabulary and grammar. As a whole, even under the influence of today's Chinese as a strong language, there may be some changes in the vocabulary, and the new words are integrated into the vocabulary of the Li language. The integration of new words can lead to the extinction of some of the national vocabulary, but it can also derive the product of Li's own language system to the development of the Li language. The integration of new words is of great importance to the preservation of the vitality of the national language But the language is not the same, and the Li language has a set of rules for its own language use, but in the face of the wave of social development, the economic, political, cultural and social development of these external factors influence the protection and inheritance of the Li language. The second part of the text of the text is from the external factors to demonstrate the negative effects of these factors on the protection of the Li The main part of this chapter is the knowledge of ethnology and linguistics, from the aspects of the national psychological quality, the national culture and the national identity of the user of the Li language. Through the research and analysis of this paper, it is found that the development of the Li-language is restricted. In terms of language factors, the paper mainly uses the questionnaire of the use of the Li language and the theory of language contact. Line analysis. In this section, the reason for the continuous differentiation of the Li nationality's national language is discussed, not only is the influence of the Chinese as a strong language on the language, but also the language state of the local users of the Li nationality. The problem of the development of the Li language can not be separated from the attitude of the local Li nationality children to the Li language, the importance of the local education to the Li language, and the conclusion of these partial conclusions is based on the questions in the course of the investigation. The other factor of the crisis is that they don't have their own words, and the inheritance of the language can only be passed through the mouth of the mouth, which limits the Li The development of Li Wen has not been inherited in this section. Although the development of the vocabulary can enhance the vitality of the language, Li is faced with the strong Chinese influence, especially the new words in recent years are directly borrowed from the Chinese language, although the Li language has its own words The foreign exchange system, but a great deal of borrowed words have already let the local people lose the ability to use the national language to construct the word, this chapter will analyze how the Chinese language affects the vocabulary of the Li
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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本文編號(hào)：2381038