【摘要】：概念隱喻理論認(rèn)為體驗(yàn)是人類思維的基礎(chǔ)。因?yàn)槿藗冇兄嗨苹蛳嗤纳硖卣骱腕w驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ),不同的文化會產(chǎn)生相近似的概念隱喻。但在另一方面,人們的思維不可避免地受到他們所處的文化環(huán)境的影響,因此各種文化會產(chǎn)生帶有獨(dú)特文化色彩的隱喻。本文在此理論基礎(chǔ)上探索“臉隱喻”的產(chǎn)能性與文化因素之間的關(guān)系。 本文首先對“面”的語義擴(kuò)展進(jìn)行了歷時(shí)研究。結(jié)果表明“面”的語義演變是基于"FACE FOR PERSON"、"FACE FOR FEELING"、"SIDE OF OBJECT IS FACE"、"SURFACE OF OBJECT IS FACE"等隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻。這些轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻的產(chǎn)生有著直接的體驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ),因此在不同的文化中其產(chǎn)能性都非常高。此外,“面”的語義擴(kuò)展是一個漸進(jìn)的過程,轉(zhuǎn)喻在此過程中起著承上啟下的作用。“面”和"FACE"的漢英對比研究顯示在兩種語言中臉的語義擴(kuò)展遵循著相似的途徑并有著相同的轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻基礎(chǔ)。 本文進(jìn)一步對"POLITENESS"、"CONSCIENCE"、"SHAME"、"PRIDE"、"VANITY"、"PRESTIGE"等與“面子”、“臉”相關(guān)的抽象概念進(jìn)行了考察。漢語中“面子”隱喻屬于復(fù)雜隱喻且產(chǎn)能性高。這些隱喻是由多個基本隱喻融合而成。雖然基本隱喻有著普遍性的特征,但不同的文化對抽象概念有不同的理解,因此會選擇便于表達(dá)自我文化特征的基本隱喻進(jìn)行融合,這就是為什么“面子”隱喻在英語中非常缺乏的原因所在。 綜上所述,體驗(yàn)是產(chǎn)生基本隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻的基礎(chǔ)。這些轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻受文化因素的影響較小,因此在英語和漢語中產(chǎn)能性都比較高。象"PRESTIGE"這樣高度抽象的概念是在基本隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻融合后產(chǎn)生的,而復(fù)雜隱喻則是在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步產(chǎn)生的。不同文化選擇不同的基本隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻,因此融合后的“面子”隱喻會在不同的文化中有不同的產(chǎn)能性。
[Abstract]:Conceptual metaphor theory holds that experience is the basis of human thinking. Because people have similar or the same physiological characteristics and experience basis, different cultures will produce similar conceptual metaphors. On the other hand, people's thinking is inevitably influenced by their cultural environment. Based on this theory, this paper explores the relationship between productivity and cultural factors of face metaphor. In this paper, the semantic extension of "face" is studied diachronically. The results show that the semantic evolution of "surface" is based on metaphor and metonymy such as "FACE FOR PERSON", "FACE FOR FEELING", "SIDE OF OBJECT IS FACE" and "SURFACE OF OBJECT IS FACE". These metonymy and metaphor have direct experience basis, so they are highly productive in different cultures. In addition, the semantic extension of "face" is a gradual process in which metonymy plays a connecting role. A contrastive study of "face" and "FACE" shows that the semantic expansion of face follows a similar approach and has the same metonymy and metaphorical basis in both languages. The abstract concepts of "POLITENESS", "CONSCIENCE", "SHAME", "PRIDE", "VANITY", "PRESTIGE" and "face" are further investigated in this paper. Face metaphor in Chinese is a complex metaphor with high productivity. These metaphors are made up of several basic metaphors. Although basic metaphors have universal characteristics, different cultures have different interpretations of abstract concepts, so they choose basic metaphors that are convenient to express their own cultural characteristics. This is why face metaphor is so lacking in English. To sum up, experience is the basis for producing basic metaphors and metonymy. These metonymy and metaphor are less influenced by cultural factors, so they are more productive in English and Chinese. Such highly abstract concepts as "PRESTIGE" are generated after the fusion of basic metaphor and metonymy, and complex metaphors are further developed on this basis. Different cultures choose different basic metaphors and metonymy, so the "face" metaphor after fusion will have different productivity in different cultures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H15;H315

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本文編號：2329203