哈爾濱方言詞綴研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-13 07:27
【摘要】：哈爾濱方言屬于東北官話區(qū)哈阜片，目前研究哈爾濱方言的論著多從語音、詞匯、語法三個方面論述，對其詞綴的專項研究很少，多數(shù)集中在某一類或某幾個詞綴的研究，缺少把多個詞綴聯(lián)系起來進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究并且總結(jié)規(guī)律性的文章著作。 本文選取的例詞來自哈爾濱市八區(qū)及周邊市縣人們常用的詞語，運用描寫與分析相結(jié)合的方法，先描寫它們在共時層面的使用事實，，在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行解釋，從語音、語義、語法方面分析其使用特點。然后運用共時比較方法，將哈爾濱方言詞綴與普通話詞綴進(jìn)行比較，分析出兩者在構(gòu)詞范圍、讀音變化、語義功能、語法功能、語體功能方面的異同，試圖更加全面的研究哈爾濱方言詞綴。 文章首先研究了哈爾濱方言中虛化程度不一的單音前綴，其中“精”“稀”“焦”“確”等虛化程度不高，尚處于語法化進(jìn)程中。哈爾濱方言中的多音前綴大多為雙音節(jié)，本文圍繞XXA、XYA、XYAB三種形式進(jìn)行研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)多音前綴的虛化程度很高。 關(guān)于現(xiàn)代漢語中是否存在中綴的爭論一直沒有停止過，本文認(rèn)為哈爾濱方言中存在中綴，并且中綴數(shù)量豐富。單音中綴有“巴”“得”“里”“拉”“不”“個”，構(gòu)成AXB、AXAB、AXBC、ABXC四種形式，使用頻率最高的雙音中綴是“拉巴”，構(gòu)詞能力很強(qiáng)，大多插入在雙音節(jié)形容詞中，這些插入了中綴的詞語形象生動的表達(dá)了說話人的情緒，最能體現(xiàn)哈爾濱方言的特點。 哈爾濱方言中的后綴主要用來構(gòu)成動詞、形容詞和副詞。本文描述了常用的單音后綴“挺”“嗒”“咕”“拉”“巴”“性”“登”“實”“楞”“乎”“哧”“道”，在分析雙音節(jié)后綴時將其分成AXX、ABXX、AXY、ABXY四種形式，逐一進(jìn)行舉例、分析。哈爾濱方言的多音節(jié)后綴大多附著名詞或形容詞詞根，且多數(shù)為自由語素，通過分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這類多音節(jié)后綴其實是由中綴和后綴兩部分組成，大多含有貶義色彩，而且不受程度副詞的修飾。 由于哈爾濱方言和普通話的界限不那么分明，所以受到的重視程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于其他方言。本文力求通過對哈爾濱方言詞綴的語料收集和現(xiàn)象分析，努力揭示哈爾濱方言詞綴的特點以及與普通話詞綴的區(qū)別，以便更好的了解哈爾濱方言，為我國的方言詞匯研究提供一份切實的資料。
[Abstract]:Harbin dialect belongs to the Hafu film of the Northeast Mandarin area. At present, the works on Harbin dialect are mostly discussed from three aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The special research on affixes is rare, and most of them focus on one kind or several affixes. Lack of articles linking multiple affixes for systematic study and summarizing regularity. This article selects the example words from Harbin eight districts and the surrounding city and county people commonly used words, uses the description and the analysis method, first describes their use facts in the synchronic level, on this basis carries on the explanation, from the pronunciation, the semantic, Grammatical analysis of its use characteristics. Then, by means of synchronic comparison, this paper compares affixes in Harbin dialect with affixes in Putonghua, and analyzes their similarities and differences in terms of word-formation scope, phonetic changes, semantic functions, grammatical functions and stylistic functions. This paper tries to study the affixes in Harbin dialect more comprehensively. This paper first studies the monosyllabic prefixes with different degrees of deficiency in Harbin dialect, in which "refined", "sparse", "Jiao" and "true" are not high, and are still in the process of grammaticalization. In Harbin dialect, the polysyllabic prefixes are mostly disyllabic. This paper focuses on the three forms of XXA,XYA,XYAB, and finds that the polyphonic prefixes have a high degree of vacuity. The debate on the existence of affixes in modern Chinese has never stopped. This paper argues that there are insuffixes in Harbin dialect, and the number of affixes is abundant. The monosyllabic infix is "Ba", "de", "La", "not", and constitutes four forms of AXB,AXAB,AXBC,ABXC. The most frequently used binomial affix is "Raba", which has a strong word-formation ability, and is mostly inserted in dicyllabic adjectives. These words intercalated with affixes vividly express the speaker's emotions and best reflect the characteristics of Harbin dialect. Suffixes in Harbin dialect are mainly used to form verbs, adjectives and adverbs. This paper describes the common monosyllabic suffixes "quite", "Ta" goo "," pull "," Ba "," sex "," Deng "," real "," corrugated "," Qi "," Tao ", and divide them into four forms of AXX,ABXX,AXY,ABXY when analyzing the suffix of two-syllable. Give examples and analyze them one by one. The polysyllabic suffixes of Harbin dialect are mostly attached to the roots of nouns or adjectives, and most of them are free morphemes. Through analysis, we find that these polysyllabic suffixes are actually composed of two parts, the middle affixes and the suffixes, and most of them contain derogatory meanings. And is not modified by adverbs of degree. Because the boundary between Harbin dialect and Putonghua is not so clear, so the attention is far lower than other dialects. Through collecting and analyzing the corpus of affixes in Harbin dialect, this paper tries to reveal the characteristics of affixes in Harbin dialect and the differences between affixes and affixes in Putonghua in order to better understand Harbin dialect. To provide a practical data for the study of dialect vocabulary in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H172.1
本文編號：2328415
[Abstract]:Harbin dialect belongs to the Hafu film of the Northeast Mandarin area. At present, the works on Harbin dialect are mostly discussed from three aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The special research on affixes is rare, and most of them focus on one kind or several affixes. Lack of articles linking multiple affixes for systematic study and summarizing regularity. This article selects the example words from Harbin eight districts and the surrounding city and county people commonly used words, uses the description and the analysis method, first describes their use facts in the synchronic level, on this basis carries on the explanation, from the pronunciation, the semantic, Grammatical analysis of its use characteristics. Then, by means of synchronic comparison, this paper compares affixes in Harbin dialect with affixes in Putonghua, and analyzes their similarities and differences in terms of word-formation scope, phonetic changes, semantic functions, grammatical functions and stylistic functions. This paper tries to study the affixes in Harbin dialect more comprehensively. This paper first studies the monosyllabic prefixes with different degrees of deficiency in Harbin dialect, in which "refined", "sparse", "Jiao" and "true" are not high, and are still in the process of grammaticalization. In Harbin dialect, the polysyllabic prefixes are mostly disyllabic. This paper focuses on the three forms of XXA,XYA,XYAB, and finds that the polyphonic prefixes have a high degree of vacuity. The debate on the existence of affixes in modern Chinese has never stopped. This paper argues that there are insuffixes in Harbin dialect, and the number of affixes is abundant. The monosyllabic infix is "Ba", "de", "La", "not", and constitutes four forms of AXB,AXAB,AXBC,ABXC. The most frequently used binomial affix is "Raba", which has a strong word-formation ability, and is mostly inserted in dicyllabic adjectives. These words intercalated with affixes vividly express the speaker's emotions and best reflect the characteristics of Harbin dialect. Suffixes in Harbin dialect are mainly used to form verbs, adjectives and adverbs. This paper describes the common monosyllabic suffixes "quite", "Ta" goo "," pull "," Ba "," sex "," Deng "," real "," corrugated "," Qi "," Tao ", and divide them into four forms of AXX,ABXX,AXY,ABXY when analyzing the suffix of two-syllable. Give examples and analyze them one by one. The polysyllabic suffixes of Harbin dialect are mostly attached to the roots of nouns or adjectives, and most of them are free morphemes. Through analysis, we find that these polysyllabic suffixes are actually composed of two parts, the middle affixes and the suffixes, and most of them contain derogatory meanings. And is not modified by adverbs of degree. Because the boundary between Harbin dialect and Putonghua is not so clear, so the attention is far lower than other dialects. Through collecting and analyzing the corpus of affixes in Harbin dialect, this paper tries to reveal the characteristics of affixes in Harbin dialect and the differences between affixes and affixes in Putonghua in order to better understand Harbin dialect. To provide a practical data for the study of dialect vocabulary in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H172.1
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