語段理論下漢語存現(xiàn)句的生成研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-22 10:39
【摘要】：存現(xiàn)句是一種特殊的句式,具有跨語言的性質,一般認為其下位句型包括存在句與隱現(xiàn)句。國內外語言學者對英語存在句的相關問題都做過深入的研究,且碩果累累。對漢語存在句相關問題的研究也一直是國內外生成語言學者研究關注的熱門話題,通過對漢語存在句的研究進行綜述,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)以往對漢語存在句的研究大多是在管約論框架下進行的,研究的主要問題主要包括以下幾個方面：1.存在句的生成機制；2.句首處所名詞組的語法地位(主語確認)；3.存現(xiàn)動詞的性質(非賓格性研究,論元研究)；4.動詞后名詞組的賦格問題以及定指效應。雖然生成語言學者們從不同的角度對以上問題進行了研究探討,但始終是各持已見,莫衷一是。 生成語言學一直是一門不斷發(fā)展,不斷更新的學科,從管約論到最簡方案初期,再到近年來喬姆斯基(1999,2001,2004,2005,2008)提出的語段理論,生成語言學始終力求使人類語言機能的運作符合生物體的運作規(guī)律,追求更符合自然界的“經(jīng)濟性原則”。語段理論秉持著“簡潔雅致”這一指導性原則,極大地簡化了句法層面和運算操作,克服了以往理論中的概念的復雜零亂,具有更強的解釋力。而本文基于對漢語存現(xiàn)句定義與分類的重新整理,在語段理論的框架下對漢語存現(xiàn)句的推導生成給出了統(tǒng)一的解釋,確認漢語存現(xiàn)句為深層無主句,句首(時間)處所名詞組為狀語性話題；接受潘海華(1996b)“施事刪除”,“被動化”與田艷艷(2008)“施事客體化”的觀點來分別處理進入存現(xiàn)結構的及物動詞非作格動詞,認為存現(xiàn)句中出現(xiàn)的及物動詞與非作格動詞均為衍生的非賓格動詞,具有非賓格性；并采用特征賦值與特征刪除來處理動詞后名詞組的格位問題。
[Abstract]:Existential sentence is a kind of special sentence structure, which has a cross-language nature. It is generally considered that its lower sentence pattern includes existential sentence and hidden sentence. Linguists at home and abroad have done in-depth research on English existential sentences. The research on Chinese existential sentences has also been a hot topic for generative linguists at home and abroad. We find that most of the previous researches on Chinese existential sentences are carried out under the framework of management reduction theory. The main problems of the research include the following aspects: 1. The generation mechanism of existential sentences. The grammatical position of the first phrase (subject confirmation); 3. The properties of existential verbs (non-objective case studies, argument studies); 4. The fugue problem and the definitional effect of the verb post-noun phrase. Although generative linguists have studied the above problems from different angles, they hold different opinions and have different opinions. Generative linguistics has always been a subject of continuous development and renewal, from the management of reduction to the initial stage of the minimalist scheme, and to the segmental theory put forward by Chomsky (1999 / 2001 / 2004 / 2005 / 2008) in recent years. Generative linguistics always strives to make the operation of human language function conform to the law of organism and pursue the "economic principle" of nature. By adhering to the guiding principle of "simplicity and elegance", the section theory greatly simplifies the syntactic level and the operation of operations, overcomes the complicated confusion of the concepts in the previous theories and has a stronger explanatory power. Based on the rearrangement of the definition and classification of the Chinese existential sentence, this paper gives a unified explanation of the derivation and generation of the Chinese existential sentence under the framework of the segmental theory, and confirms that the Chinese existential sentence is a deep non-subject sentence. The beginning (time) of the sentence is an adverbial topic, and accepts the viewpoints of Pan Haihua (1996b), "erasure", "passivity" and Tian Yanyan (2008) "objectification of the agent" to deal with transitive verbs that enter the existential structure respectively. It is considered that both transitive verbs and non-ergative verbs in existential sentences are derived non-object verbs with non-object nature and feature assignment and feature deletion are used to deal with the case position of verb post-noun phrases.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
本文編號：2286924
[Abstract]:Existential sentence is a kind of special sentence structure, which has a cross-language nature. It is generally considered that its lower sentence pattern includes existential sentence and hidden sentence. Linguists at home and abroad have done in-depth research on English existential sentences. The research on Chinese existential sentences has also been a hot topic for generative linguists at home and abroad. We find that most of the previous researches on Chinese existential sentences are carried out under the framework of management reduction theory. The main problems of the research include the following aspects: 1. The generation mechanism of existential sentences. The grammatical position of the first phrase (subject confirmation); 3. The properties of existential verbs (non-objective case studies, argument studies); 4. The fugue problem and the definitional effect of the verb post-noun phrase. Although generative linguists have studied the above problems from different angles, they hold different opinions and have different opinions. Generative linguistics has always been a subject of continuous development and renewal, from the management of reduction to the initial stage of the minimalist scheme, and to the segmental theory put forward by Chomsky (1999 / 2001 / 2004 / 2005 / 2008) in recent years. Generative linguistics always strives to make the operation of human language function conform to the law of organism and pursue the "economic principle" of nature. By adhering to the guiding principle of "simplicity and elegance", the section theory greatly simplifies the syntactic level and the operation of operations, overcomes the complicated confusion of the concepts in the previous theories and has a stronger explanatory power. Based on the rearrangement of the definition and classification of the Chinese existential sentence, this paper gives a unified explanation of the derivation and generation of the Chinese existential sentence under the framework of the segmental theory, and confirms that the Chinese existential sentence is a deep non-subject sentence. The beginning (time) of the sentence is an adverbial topic, and accepts the viewpoints of Pan Haihua (1996b), "erasure", "passivity" and Tian Yanyan (2008) "objectification of the agent" to deal with transitive verbs that enter the existential structure respectively. It is considered that both transitive verbs and non-ergative verbs in existential sentences are derived non-object verbs with non-object nature and feature assignment and feature deletion are used to deal with the case position of verb post-noun phrases.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
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，本文編號：2286924
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