【摘要】：不同語言間的對(duì)比研究對(duì)于揭示語言特點(diǎn)、發(fā)現(xiàn)語言規(guī)律具有重要意義。語義場(chǎng)理論的興起為對(duì)比研究提供了十分便利的平臺(tái)。穿戴動(dòng)作與人類生活密切相關(guān)。對(duì)于穿戴語義場(chǎng)的概括,漢英民族有不同特點(diǎn)。對(duì)比研究漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng),有利于深入了解漢英穿戴概念的抽象方式特征,有利于語言教學(xué)和翻譯工作順利展開。 本文主要以對(duì)比語言學(xué)、認(rèn)知語言學(xué)、詞匯語義學(xué)的相關(guān)理論和義素分析理論作為對(duì)比研究的理論框架,從語義場(chǎng)入手,對(duì)漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。 首先,筆者根據(jù)金石等學(xué)者的研究,將“把某物附著于人體的某一部位”這一義素作為穿戴語義場(chǎng)的共同義素,通過翻閱詞典類工具書,分別確定漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)的義位。我們確定了漢語穿戴義位38個(gè),英語穿戴義位81個(gè)。 然后,借鑒人的研究方法,從微觀和宏觀兩方而入手對(duì)比考察漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)。我們先對(duì)漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)進(jìn)行基本劃分,分為“穿”義場(chǎng)和“戴”義場(chǎng)。接下來,分別對(duì)漢英“穿”義位和“戴”義位進(jìn)行義素分析,分別對(duì)漢英“穿”義場(chǎng)和“戴”義場(chǎng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。之后,抽象到更高層次,從微觀視角過渡到宏觀視角,對(duì)漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。在對(duì)比分析中,我們總結(jié)出了漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)的諸多異同之處。如漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)基本場(chǎng)的劃分不同,對(duì)于漢語“穿”和“戴”的概念,英語穿戴語義場(chǎng)對(duì)應(yīng)的基本概念是“put clothes on”和“add beautyto”,這兩個(gè)概念是不同角度、不同層次的,因此以英語穿戴語義場(chǎng)比附漢語穿戴語義場(chǎng)時(shí),會(huì)出現(xiàn)交叉現(xiàn)象；漢英穿戴義位的詞化模式有不同特點(diǎn),但二者有共同的主要區(qū)別義素——[方式]義素；在有同有異的區(qū)別義素基礎(chǔ)上,漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)中存在基本對(duì)應(yīng)義位和缺省義位兩種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。 在研究中,我們沒有止于探討“是什么”,而是進(jìn)一步探究“為什么”。接下來,筆者對(duì)漢英穿戴語義場(chǎng)差異產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行了探究。主要從漢英文化差異、思維特點(diǎn)的差異、語言系統(tǒng)的差異三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了探討。 最后,根據(jù)研究成果,對(duì)對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)中穿戴義位的教學(xué)及漢英互譯中穿戴義位的翻譯,提出了一些建議。提出了“義素教學(xué)法”和“義素信息傳達(dá)”概念,以供教學(xué)者和翻譯工作者借鑒。
[Abstract]:The contrastive study of different languages is of great significance in revealing the characteristics of language and discovering the rules of language. The rise of semantic field theory provides a convenient platform for comparative study. Wearing action is closely related to human life. Chinese and English nationalities have different characteristics in the generalization of wearable semantic field. The contrastive study of Chinese and English wearable semantic fields is conducive to a deeper understanding of the abstract features of Chinese and English wearable concepts and to the smooth development of language teaching and translation. Based on the theories of contrastive linguistics, cognitive linguistics, lexical semantics and sememe analysis, this paper makes a contrastive study of the wearable semantic field in Chinese and English from the perspective of semantic field. First of all, according to the research of the scholars such as Jinshi and other scholars, the author takes the sememe "attaching something to a certain part of the human body" as the common sememe of the wearable semantic field, and by looking through the dictionary reference books, determines the meaning of the wearable semantic field in Chinese and English respectively. We have identified 38 wearable sememes in Chinese and 81 in English. Then, drawing on the research methods of human beings, this paper makes a comparative study of the wearable semantic field in Chinese and English from micro and macro aspects. First, we divide the Chinese and English wearable semantic fields into "wear" and "Dai" semantic fields. Then, the sememe of Chinese and English "wear" and "Dai" are analyzed, and the meaning field of "wear" and "Dai" in Chinese and English are compared. Then, abstract to a higher level, from the micro perspective to the macro perspective, the comparative analysis of Chinese and English wearable semantic field. In the comparative analysis, we summarize the similarities and differences between Chinese and English wearable semantic field. For example, Chinese and English wearable semantic fields are divided into different basic fields. For the concepts of "wear" and "Dai" in Chinese, the corresponding basic concepts of English wearable semantic field are "put clothes on" and "add beautyto", which are from different angles and different levels. Therefore, when the English wearable semantic field is compared with the Chinese wearable semantic field, the phenomenon of crossover will occur, and the patterns of lexicalization of the Chinese and English wearable sememes have different characteristics, but the two have the same main differences in sememe, that is, the sememe. On the basis of different discriminative sememes, there are two kinds of corresponding relations between Chinese and English wearable semantic fields, namely, basic corresponding meanings and default sememes. In the study, we did not stop to explore what is, but to further explore the "why." Then, the author explores the causes of the differences between Chinese and English wearable semantic fields. This paper mainly discusses the cultural differences between Chinese and English, the differences of thinking characteristics and the differences of language systems. Finally, based on the research results, some suggestions are made on the teaching of wearable sememes in TCFL and the translation of wearable sememes in Chinese-English translation. This paper puts forward the concepts of "sememe teaching method" and "sememe information transmission", which can be used for reference by teachers and translators.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

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