英漢強調義的表達方式對比研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-05 12:14
【摘要】：“強調”是說話人為了話語信息的重點表達,打破常規(guī)的語言表達,使聽話者受到非一般的心理刺激,從而達到強化語義、突出重點、增強語氣的效果。強調作為人們日常交際中重要的手段,一直是學界研究的熱點。但是從對比角度來比較英語和漢語的強調義表達方式的異同還較少涉及。 在對比語言學和系統(tǒng)功能語言學的支持下,本文從強調范圍的大小,強調程度的強弱,強調對比視角定義了強調的語義范疇,根據強調表達的直白性與否分直白強調和隱含強調。具體而言,直白強調包括英漢詞匯和句法手段,隱含強調包括英漢句法、語音、修辭和語篇手段。在直白強調和隱含強調表達手段系統(tǒng)梳理和總結的基礎上,本文詳細對比了英漢語強調義表達手段的異同。 首先,“強調”是英漢使用者在話語交際過程中都普遍使用的表達方式,并且兩者都涉及到了詞匯,句法,語音,修辭,篇章手段。共同的心理認知機制—一突顯原則使得人類語言中普通存在“強調”范疇。 其次,英語和漢語都根據信息焦點落在最重要的位置上的原則安排語序。英語語序結構由末尾焦點(end-focus)原則和末尾著重(end-weight)原則決定,漢語也受到末尾焦點原則(end-focus)制約,末尾著重(end-weight)原則對漢語語序結構安排影響較小。 再次,英漢語中典型的"only"和“只”,"even"和“都”," particular "和“尤其”在句中不同位置時其語義范疇和語義指向的對比中得出英語的詞匯強調標示能力強于漢語。通過英語分裂句與漢語“…是....”、英語擬分裂句與漢語“.的是…”、there be...."與漢語“…有....”存現(xiàn)句在可聚焦句中成分和聚焦效果的對比中得出,英語特殊句型的強調作用力強。在可前置成分上,英漢語有一致性。漢語的可后置成分較少；“句末加重”原則使得英語將較長復雜的主語或賓語后置。 最后,重音、設置停頓、改變音長都是英漢語實現(xiàn)語音強調的手段。語言類型的差異決定了英漢語在修辭、語篇手段上展現(xiàn)了各自的特點。 總之,通過對英漢強調手段的對比,進一步拓寬對語言類型和語言本質的認識,細化對英漢語語法本質認識,彌補英漢對比角度研究“強調”范疇的不足。
[Abstract]:"stress" is the effect of the speaker to break the conventional language expression for the emphasis of discourse information, to make the hearer receive the unusual psychological stimulation, so as to strengthen the semantic meaning, stress the emphasis, and strengthen the tone of mood. Emphasis on people's daily communication as an important means, has been the focus of academic research. However, there are few differences between English and Chinese in terms of comparison. With the support of contrastive linguistics and systemic functional linguistics, this paper defines the semantic category of emphasis from the perspective of contrast, focusing on the magnitude of the scope, the strength of the degree of emphasis, and the comparative perspective. According to the emphasis of the expression of directness or not, it can be divided into direct emphasis and implicit emphasis. In particular, the direct emphasis includes English and Chinese lexical and syntactic devices, while the implicit emphasis includes English and Chinese syntax, phonetics, rhetoric and discourse. On the basis of combing and summing up the means of direct emphasis and implicit emphasis, this paper compares the similarities and differences between English and Chinese means of meaning expression in detail. First of all, "emphasis" is an expression commonly used by English and Chinese users in the process of discourse communication, and both of them involve lexical, syntactic, phonetic, rhetorical and textual means. Common psychological cognitive mechanism-the principle of prominence makes the category of "emphasis" common in human language. Second, both English and Chinese place word order according to the principle that the focus of information falls on the most important position. The word order structure in English is determined by the end-focus principle and the end-weight principle. Chinese is also restricted by the end-focus principle, and the end-weight principle has little influence on the word order structure arrangement in Chinese. Thirdly, the comparison between "only" and "only", "even" and "du", "particular" and "especially" in different positions in English and Chinese shows that the lexical emphasis of English is stronger than that of Chinese. Through English split sentences and Chinese. Is. "English quasi-split sentence and Chinese". " There be. " And Chinese. Yes. " From the comparison of the components and the focusing effect of the existential sentence, it is concluded that the stress force of the English special sentence pattern is strong. There is consistency in English and Chinese on the antecedent elements. The principle of "sentence end aggravation" makes English a long and complicated subject or object postposition. Finally, stress, setting pauses and changing timbre are all the means to achieve phonetic emphasis in English and Chinese. The difference of language types determines that English and Chinese have their own characteristics in rhetoric and discourse. In a word, by comparing the means of emphasis between English and Chinese, we can further broaden our understanding of the types and essence of language, refine our understanding of the essence of grammar in English and Chinese, and make up for the deficiency of the category of emphasis in the contrastive study of English and Chinese.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H313;H136
本文編號：2224234
[Abstract]:"stress" is the effect of the speaker to break the conventional language expression for the emphasis of discourse information, to make the hearer receive the unusual psychological stimulation, so as to strengthen the semantic meaning, stress the emphasis, and strengthen the tone of mood. Emphasis on people's daily communication as an important means, has been the focus of academic research. However, there are few differences between English and Chinese in terms of comparison. With the support of contrastive linguistics and systemic functional linguistics, this paper defines the semantic category of emphasis from the perspective of contrast, focusing on the magnitude of the scope, the strength of the degree of emphasis, and the comparative perspective. According to the emphasis of the expression of directness or not, it can be divided into direct emphasis and implicit emphasis. In particular, the direct emphasis includes English and Chinese lexical and syntactic devices, while the implicit emphasis includes English and Chinese syntax, phonetics, rhetoric and discourse. On the basis of combing and summing up the means of direct emphasis and implicit emphasis, this paper compares the similarities and differences between English and Chinese means of meaning expression in detail. First of all, "emphasis" is an expression commonly used by English and Chinese users in the process of discourse communication, and both of them involve lexical, syntactic, phonetic, rhetorical and textual means. Common psychological cognitive mechanism-the principle of prominence makes the category of "emphasis" common in human language. Second, both English and Chinese place word order according to the principle that the focus of information falls on the most important position. The word order structure in English is determined by the end-focus principle and the end-weight principle. Chinese is also restricted by the end-focus principle, and the end-weight principle has little influence on the word order structure arrangement in Chinese. Thirdly, the comparison between "only" and "only", "even" and "du", "particular" and "especially" in different positions in English and Chinese shows that the lexical emphasis of English is stronger than that of Chinese. Through English split sentences and Chinese. Is. "English quasi-split sentence and Chinese". " There be. " And Chinese. Yes. " From the comparison of the components and the focusing effect of the existential sentence, it is concluded that the stress force of the English special sentence pattern is strong. There is consistency in English and Chinese on the antecedent elements. The principle of "sentence end aggravation" makes English a long and complicated subject or object postposition. Finally, stress, setting pauses and changing timbre are all the means to achieve phonetic emphasis in English and Chinese. The difference of language types determines that English and Chinese have their own characteristics in rhetoric and discourse. In a word, by comparing the means of emphasis between English and Chinese, we can further broaden our understanding of the types and essence of language, refine our understanding of the essence of grammar in English and Chinese, and make up for the deficiency of the category of emphasis in the contrastive study of English and Chinese.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H313;H136
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