【摘要】：漢語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)熟語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)中重要而特殊的一員,是漢民族語(yǔ)言和文化的精華。本文以《現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)規(guī)范詞典》中的諺語(yǔ)為研究對(duì)象,著重分析了諺語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義分類、語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)以及其語(yǔ)義的認(rèn)知理解機(jī)制。根據(jù)意義雙層說(shuō),我們將漢語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)分為兩大類：組合類諺語(yǔ)和隱喻轉(zhuǎn)喻類諺語(yǔ)。組合類諺語(yǔ),即通過諺語(yǔ)的字面組成成分可以直接推斷出其整體意義的諺語(yǔ),換言之,其字面意義與規(guī)約意義一致。隱喻轉(zhuǎn)喻類諺語(yǔ),即通過諺語(yǔ)的字面意義無(wú)法正確或全面理解其整體意義的諺語(yǔ),需要我們借助一定的規(guī)約常識(shí)加以理解,簡(jiǎn)言之,即其字面意義與規(guī)約意義不一致。我們對(duì)這兩類諺語(yǔ)進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的下位分類。其中,組合類諺語(yǔ)根據(jù)諺語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義來(lái)源,分為源于身體經(jīng)驗(yàn)的組合類諺語(yǔ)和源于社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的組合類諺語(yǔ)。隱喻轉(zhuǎn)喻類諺語(yǔ)分為整體映射類諺語(yǔ)和部分映射類諺語(yǔ),前者主要指整體隱喻類諺語(yǔ)；后者包括部分隱喻類諺語(yǔ)、部分轉(zhuǎn)喻類諺語(yǔ)和半隱喻半轉(zhuǎn)喻類諺語(yǔ)。在對(duì)諺語(yǔ)進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義分類的基礎(chǔ)上,我們又總結(jié)了各類諺語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)。一般說(shuō)來(lái),組合類諺語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義透明度和熟悉度較高,口語(yǔ)性較強(qiáng)；隱喻轉(zhuǎn)喻類諺語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)是兼具隱喻性和具象性,語(yǔ)義透明度整體偏低。同時(shí),不同類型的諺語(yǔ)所具有的語(yǔ)義理?yè)?jù)性也是不同的。最后,我們對(duì)諺語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義的認(rèn)知理解機(jī)制進(jìn)行了考察。我們認(rèn)為解讀諺語(yǔ)的動(dòng)態(tài)意義建構(gòu)過程需要借助多種認(rèn)知理論：隱喻轉(zhuǎn)喻、意象圖式、復(fù)合場(chǎng)景模式和概念整合理論。其中,最主要的是借助概念整合網(wǎng)絡(luò)的四種類型進(jìn)行分析,我們應(yīng)用這一理論并結(jié)合《規(guī)范》中的諺語(yǔ)個(gè)案以圖式的方式揭示了諺語(yǔ)的動(dòng)態(tài)意義建構(gòu)過程。
[Abstract]:Chinese proverbs are an important and special member of the modern Chinese idiom system. It is the essence of the language and culture of the Chinese people. This article takes the proverbs in the modern Chinese proverb standard dictionary as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of the semantic classification of the proverbs, the semantic features and the cognitive mechanism of its semantic meaning. The language is divided into two categories: combinatorial proverbs and metonymy proverbs. The combination proverb is a proverb which can be directly inferred from the literal composition of the proverb, in other words, its literal meaning is the same as the meaning of the statute. Metaphorical proverbs can not be correctly or fully understood through the literal meaning of the proverbs. The proverbs of righteousness need to be understood with the help of certain statute common sense. In short, the literal meaning is not consistent with the meaning of the statute. We have made a detailed lower classification of the two types of proverbs. In this, the combination proverbs are divided into the combination proverbs derived from the physical Proverbs and the combination classes derived from the social experience according to the semantic source of the proverbs. Metaphorical proverbs are divided into overall mapping proverbs and partial mapping proverbs, the former mainly refers to the overall metaphor proverbs, the latter includes some metaphorical proverbs, some metonymy proverbs and semi metaphorical metonymy proverbs. On the basis of the semantic classification of proverbs, we also summarize the semantic characteristics of various proverbs. The semantic features of the metonymy proverbs are metaphorical and representational, and the semantic transparency is low. At the same time, the semantic motivation of different types of proverbs is also different. We believe that the interpretation of the dynamic meaning construction process of proverbs requires a variety of cognitive theories: metaphorical metonymy, image schema, compound scene pattern and conceptual integration theory. Among them, the most important is the analysis of four types of conceptual integration networks. We apply this theory and combine the proverbs in the standard. This way reveals the dynamic meaning construction process of proverbs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H136.3

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本文編號(hào)：2132258