本文選題：比較標(biāo)記 + 語(yǔ)義地圖�。� 參考：《北京大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：本文主要從類型學(xué)的角度對(duì)東北亞語(yǔ)言中的比較范疇進(jìn)行了研究。根據(jù)比較句表達(dá)的語(yǔ)義范圍,我們首先將比較范疇區(qū)分為差比范疇、及比范疇、平比范疇三類。然后,在參照世界語(yǔ)言比較范疇基準(zhǔn)標(biāo)記的來(lái)源的基礎(chǔ)上,我們對(duì)東北亞地區(qū)語(yǔ)言的基準(zhǔn)標(biāo)記進(jìn)行了具體的考察。 就漢語(yǔ)而言,我們探討了比較標(biāo)記共時(shí)平面的義項(xiàng)分布,并且根據(jù)其分布勾畫(huà)出各種語(yǔ)義地圖。而通過(guò)這些語(yǔ)義地圖,我們又試圖說(shuō)明三類比較標(biāo)記到底各自與哪些義項(xiàng)產(chǎn)生了最密切的語(yǔ)義關(guān)聯(lián),當(dāng)然,對(duì)于這種語(yǔ)義的演變和關(guān)聯(lián),我們又都從認(rèn)知的角度對(duì)其關(guān)聯(lián)機(jī)制進(jìn)行了具體的解釋,目的是為了說(shuō)明某些義項(xiàng)之所以能夠發(fā)展為比較標(biāo)記的背后語(yǔ)義條件。 就中國(guó)境內(nèi)的少數(shù)民族語(yǔ)言而言,我們考察了各個(gè)語(yǔ)言中差比標(biāo)記的來(lái)源,同樣也對(duì)這些來(lái)源發(fā)展為差比標(biāo)記的語(yǔ)義條件作出了認(rèn)知的解釋。 就韓語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō),我們以漢語(yǔ)作為參照,簡(jiǎn)要地考察了差比標(biāo)記、及比標(biāo)記、平比標(biāo)記的特性和來(lái)源。并且在比較的視域下,對(duì)韓語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)中這些標(biāo)記在語(yǔ)義方面的特點(diǎn)、比較范疇的否定式進(jìn)行了異同的分析。 最后,我們還討論了漢語(yǔ)中差比范疇與平比范疇之間的交叉現(xiàn)象,在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步從類型學(xué)的角度對(duì)世界語(yǔ)言中差比范疇與平比范疇的(有無(wú))標(biāo)記性進(jìn)行了跨語(yǔ)言的分類。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the comparative categories in Northeast Asian languages from the perspective of typology. According to the semantic scope of comparative sentence expression, we first divide the comparative category into three categories: difference ratio category, comparison category and equal comparison category. Then, on the basis of reference to the source of the reference marker of the world language comparison category, we make a specific investigation of the reference marker of the language in Northeast Asia. As far as Chinese is concerned, we discuss the meaning distribution of the comparative marker synchronic plane, and draw various semantic maps according to its distribution. And through these semantic maps, we try to explain which meanings each of the three comparative markers have the closest semantic correlation with, of course, for the evolution and association of this kind of semantics. We also explain the relevance mechanism from the perspective of cognition in order to explain the semantic conditions behind which some meanings can develop into comparative markers. As far as the minority languages in China are concerned, we have examined the sources of difference and ratio markers in each language, and we have also given a cognitive explanation of the semantic conditions under which these sources have developed into differential ratio markers. As far as Korean and Japanese are concerned, we use Chinese as a reference, and briefly investigate the characteristics and sources of difference marker, specific marker and equal ratio marker. From the perspective of comparison, the semantic characteristics of these markers in Korean and Japanese are analyzed, and the negative expressions of comparative category are analyzed. Finally, we discuss the cross phenomenon between the category of difference ratio and the category of equality ratio in Chinese, and on this basis, From the perspective of typology, this paper classifies the difference ratio category and the equality category in the world language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H003

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本文編號(hào)：2096717