本文選題：專有名詞 + 類指義��； 參考：《河南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以英漢語中的專有名詞的類指義為考察對(duì)象，考察其語義基礎(chǔ)，意義分類以及解讀機(jī)制。專有名詞的類指義是一種常見而又獨(dú)特的現(xiàn)象，具有自己的特征。專有名詞本身具有特指性，專門用來指稱特定的人、地方、組織、機(jī)構(gòu)等，但是現(xiàn)在有很多專有名詞具有類指義,也就是說專有名詞可以用來指代整個(gè)一類人或事物。例如：漢語中常見的“伯樂”和“包公”兩個(gè)詞，英語中的Hamlet和Scrooge，原本分別指的是春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期善于相馬的那個(gè)人，北宋時(shí)期清廉公正、威嚴(yán)執(zhí)法的官員，莎士比亞同名悲劇作品中的男主人公和英國(guó)文豪查爾斯狄更斯著名小說《圣誕頌歌》里的吝嗇的男主角。現(xiàn)在卻分別可以用于表示善于發(fā)現(xiàn)有天賦才干的人，公正威嚴(yán)的官員（或人），猶豫不決的人和吝嗇鬼，這些無疑都具有類指義。 前人關(guān)于類指義的研究多集中于普通名詞的適當(dāng)形式，如：光桿名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞、一+量詞+名詞、等等。對(duì)于專有名詞從特指到類指的轉(zhuǎn)移的研究卻鮮有人涉及。并且，前人關(guān)于專有名詞的研究多從哲學(xué)、語義、語用等角度開展，很少關(guān)注其類指義的生成機(jī)制的研究。因此，本文試圖在認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的框架下，對(duì)專有名詞的類指義進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的分析，基于Jackendoff的概念語義學(xué)分析其語義基礎(chǔ)和Radden和Kovesces的轉(zhuǎn)喻理論研究其生成機(jī)制。 本文首先研究了專有名詞類指義的認(rèn)知語義基礎(chǔ)。專有名詞既具有符號(hào)概念又具有類概念。專有名詞從特指向類指的轉(zhuǎn)移取決于其范疇化的能力，也就是說，專有名詞不僅要表達(dá)符號(hào)概念也要表達(dá)類概念。因此，概念結(jié)構(gòu)的二重性是專有名詞具有類指義的語義基礎(chǔ)。 其次，文章談?wù)摿藢Ｓ忻~類指義的分類�；谥杏⑽闹姓Z料的分析，本文依據(jù)專有名詞和其指稱對(duì)象的關(guān)系把其類指義分為六大類：事物-特征型類指義，生產(chǎn)者-產(chǎn)品型類指義，產(chǎn)地-產(chǎn)品型類指義，地名-時(shí)間型類指義，地名-機(jī)構(gòu)型指義和控制型類指義。這些類指義確與一定的語境（包含文化語境和情景語境）因素有關(guān)。這六大類類指義中，有一些主要受文化語境影響，有一些主要受情景語境影響，還有一些包含這兩種語境的影響來實(shí)現(xiàn)類指義的。 基于以上的分析，本文采用Radden和Kovesces的轉(zhuǎn)喻理論作為識(shí)解其生成機(jī)制的理論基礎(chǔ)。事物-特征型類指義中，有兩次范疇-特征理想化認(rèn)知模型里的轉(zhuǎn)喻；生產(chǎn)者-產(chǎn)品類指義中，發(fā)生一次產(chǎn)品理想化認(rèn)知模型里的轉(zhuǎn)喻；產(chǎn)地-產(chǎn)品類指義經(jīng)歷一次產(chǎn)品理想化認(rèn)知模型里的另一種類型的轉(zhuǎn)喻；地名-事件類指義中，分別在地理位置和范疇-成員理想化認(rèn)知模型里各經(jīng)歷一次轉(zhuǎn)喻；地名-機(jī)構(gòu)類指義經(jīng)歷一次地理位置理想化認(rèn)知模型里的轉(zhuǎn)喻；控制型類指義在控制理想化認(rèn)知模型里經(jīng)歷一次轉(zhuǎn)喻。 本文由五章構(gòu)成。 第一章是本文的引言部分，為整篇論文提供理論全景，包括文章的研究范圍、研究的必要性，研究問題、研究目的以及研究方法和語料的收集。 第二章是文獻(xiàn)綜述部分，回顧了前人從不同角度對(duì)專有名詞的研究以及對(duì)類指義的相關(guān)研究。肯定了他們的研究，也指出了不足之處以及本文研究的新意。 第三章是理論框架部分，，首先依據(jù)Jackendoff的概念語義學(xué)闡釋了專有名詞類指義的語義基礎(chǔ)，然后提出了本研究的理論解釋框架即轉(zhuǎn)喻理論。 第四章是對(duì)專有名類指義的分類和認(rèn)知解讀。根據(jù)專有名詞和其指稱對(duì)象的關(guān)系將類指義進(jìn)行分類，并依據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)喻理論對(duì)其生成機(jī)制進(jìn)行詳細(xì)解讀。 第五章是本文的結(jié)論部分，總結(jié)本文的發(fā)現(xiàn)以及研究的局限。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to examine the meaning of the proper nouns in English and Chinese as the object of investigation, to examine the semantic basis, the classification of meaning and the mechanism of interpretation. The meaning of the proper nouns is a common and unique phenomenon and has its own characteristics. There are a lot of proper nouns with class meaning, that is to say that proper nouns can be used to refer to the whole class of people or things. For example, the two words "Bole" and "Bao Gong" in Chinese, Hamlet and Scrooge in English, are originally the person who is good at the horse in the spring and Autumn Warring States period, and the Northern Song Dynasty is honest and impartial and impartial. The law officer, the hero of the tragic works of Shakespeare and the famous British writer Charles Dickens's famous novel, the stingy hero in the Christmas Carol, can now be used to express a fair and talented person, an impartial Officer (or a person), an indecisive person and a miser, which are undoubtedly of the same class. Meaning.
The previous studies on the meaning of class finger are mostly concentrated on the proper forms of ordinary nouns, such as the noun noun, the plural noun, the one + quantifier + noun, etc. The study of the transfer of the proper nouns from the special to the class finger is rarely involved. In the framework of cognitive linguistics, this paper tries to make a systematic analysis of the class meaning of proper nouns in the framework of cognitive linguistics. Based on Jackendoff's conceptual semantics, it analyzes its semantic basis and the metonymy theory of Radden and Kovesces to study its generation mechanism.
This paper first studies the cognitive semantic basis of the meaning of proper nouns. Proper nouns not only have symbolic concepts but also class concepts. The transfer of proper nouns from special points to class fingers depends on their ability to categorize, that is to say, proper nouns not only express the concept of symbols but also express class concepts. Therefore, the duality of the conceptual structure is special. A noun has the semantic basis of a class meaning.
Secondly, the article talks about the classification of the meaning of the proper noun class. Based on the analysis of the corpus in Chinese and English, this paper divides its class meaning into six categories according to the relationship between the proper noun and the referential object: the object - characteristic class meaning, the producer - Product Type meaning, the origin - Product Type meaning, the place name - time type meaning, the place name - the institutional index Meaning and control type refer to meaning. These categories refer to certain contexts (including cultural context and situational context) factors. In these six categories, some are mainly influenced by cultural context, some are mainly affected by situational context, and some include the influence of the two contexts to realize the meaning of the class meaning.
Based on the above analysis, this paper uses the metonymy theory of Radden and Kovesces as the theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of its generation. In the meaning of the characteristic class, there are two categories of Metonymy in the cognitive model of characteristic idealization; in the producer product category meaning, the metonymy in a product idealized cognitive model occurs; the origin product category refers to the metonymy. Meaning goes through another type of Metonymy in the idealized cognitive model of a product; in the geographical name and event class, the geographical name and the category member idealized cognitive model each experience a metonymy, the geographical name and the institutional meaning experience metonymy in the idealized cognitive model of a geographical position; the control type refers to the sense in the control theory. There is a metonymy in the cognitive model.
This article is composed of five chapters.
The first chapter is the introduction of this article, which provides a full view of the whole thesis, including the scope of the study, the necessity of the research, the research issues, the purpose of the research, the method of research and the collection of the corpus.
The second chapter is the literature review. It reviews the research on the proper nouns from different angles and the related research on the meaning of class meaning. It affirms their research, points out the shortcomings and the new meaning of this study.
The third chapter is the part of the theoretical framework. First, the semantic basis of the meaning of proper nouns is explained based on the conceptual semantics of Jackendoff, and then the theoretical framework of this study, namely, the metonymy theory, is put forward.
The fourth chapter is the classification and cognitive interpretation of the meaning of the proper names. According to the relationship between the proper noun and its referential object, the class meaning is classified and the mechanism of its generation is explained in detail according to the metonymy theory.
The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper, summarizing the findings and limitations of the study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

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本文編號(hào)：1937336