本文選題：手部動(dòng)詞 + 口部動(dòng)詞��； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：動(dòng)詞語義演變一直是動(dòng)詞研究的熱點(diǎn)。在漢語中，有些表示手部動(dòng)作義的動(dòng)詞，逐漸衍生出了口部動(dòng)作義，甚至言說義。它們的動(dòng)詞語義經(jīng)歷了由具體到抽象的演變，并且路徑明顯。 第一至第五章，對大量衍生口部動(dòng)作義的手部動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行歷時(shí)研究，歸納出了手部動(dòng)詞到口部動(dòng)詞的演變路徑。在此，本文將手部動(dòng)詞到口部動(dòng)詞的演變路徑大致歸為五類：第一，手部動(dòng)詞→口部動(dòng)詞（無言說義）→口部動(dòng)詞（帶言說義）→言說動(dòng)詞；第二，手部動(dòng)詞→口部動(dòng)詞（帶言說義）→言說動(dòng)詞；第三，，手部動(dòng)詞→言說動(dòng)詞；第四，手部動(dòng)詞→口部動(dòng)詞（無言說義）→口部動(dòng)詞（帶言說義）；第五，手部動(dòng)詞→口部動(dòng)詞（無言說義）。從手部動(dòng)詞到口部動(dòng)詞的語義演變過程中，手部動(dòng)詞的手部動(dòng)作義逐漸虛化，產(chǎn)生口部動(dòng)作義，甚至言說義。相應(yīng)的，賓語也經(jīng)歷了由具體到抽象的變化，賓語類型不再局限于具體物品，還包括了口腔部位、思想活動(dòng)、言語名詞等。 第六章中，筆者對手部動(dòng)詞到口部動(dòng)詞的歷時(shí)演變進(jìn)行了認(rèn)知方面的理論解釋。從手部動(dòng)詞到口部動(dòng)詞的歷時(shí)演變與語言認(rèn)知密切相關(guān)。隱喻機(jī)制是引發(fā)這種語義演變的關(guān)鍵。當(dāng)一些手部動(dòng)詞具備了語義沖突和相似性作用這兩個(gè)基本條件時(shí)，隱喻機(jī)制就可能產(chǎn)生效力，讓部分手部動(dòng)詞發(fā)展出言說義，將這些動(dòng)詞的語義范疇擴(kuò)大到言域。當(dāng)一部分產(chǎn)生言說義的手部動(dòng)詞徹底脫離對言說名詞或其他言說動(dòng)詞的依賴，得以獨(dú)立表達(dá)言說義時(shí)，我們就可以判定這部分手部動(dòng)詞正式產(chǎn)生了言說動(dòng)詞功能。 本文對手部動(dòng)詞到口部動(dòng)詞的研究所采用的方法是系統(tǒng)考察、類比分析；從認(rèn)知、隱喻機(jī)制入手解釋有關(guān)語義歷時(shí)演變的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因，這兩點(diǎn)是本文的創(chuàng)新處。希望本文的研究結(jié)論能為動(dòng)詞語義研究增添一絲新意。
[Abstract]:The semantic evolution of verbs has always been a hot topic in verb research. In Chinese, some verbs that express the meaning of hand action have gradually derived the meaning of oral action, even the meaning of speech. Their verb semantics have evolved from concrete to abstract, and the path is obvious. In the first to fifth chapters, the author makes a diachronic study on a large number of hand verbs derived from the meaning of oral action, and concludes the evolution path from hand verbs to oral verbs. In this paper, the evolution path of hand verb to oral verb is classified into five categories: first, the hand verb with mouth part verb (no verbal meaning) and mouth part verb (with the meaning of speech); second, The hand verb is a verbal verb; fourth, the hand verb is a verbal verb (without a meaning); the fifth one is a verbal verb with a verbal meaning; a fifth, a verbal verb with a verbal meaning. A verb in the hand. In the process of semantic evolution from hand verbs to oral verbs, the hand action meanings of hand verbs gradually become empty, resulting in oral action meanings and even verbal meanings. Correspondingly, the object also experienced the change from concrete to abstract, the object type is no longer limited to the concrete object, but also includes the oral part, the thought activity, the speech noun and so on. In the sixth chapter, the author explains the diachronic evolution of hand verbs to oral verbs. The diachronic evolution from hand verbs to oral verbs is closely related to language cognition. Metaphor mechanism is the key to the semantic evolution. When some hand verbs have two basic conditions of semantic conflict and similarity, the metaphorical mechanism may be effective, allowing some hand verbs to develop their semantic meaning and expand their semantic category to the lexical domain. When a part of the hand verb that produces the verbal meaning is completely separated from the dependence on the verbal noun or other verbal verb and can express the verbal meaning independently, we can judge that the hand verb has formally produced the verbal verb function. In this paper, the methods used in the study of hand verbs to oral verbs are systematic investigation, analogy analysis, cognitive and metaphorical mechanisms to explain the internal causes of semantic diachronic evolution, which are the innovations of this paper. It is hoped that the conclusion of this paper will add a new meaning to the study of verb semantics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H14

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