本文選題：詞義演變 + 誤解��； 參考：《語言研究》2012年03期

【摘要】：詞由于誤解誤用也會(huì)產(chǎn)生新義,這是詞義演變的一種方式。漢語史上詞義誤解誤用的常見類型有:訓(xùn)詁學(xué)家的錯(cuò)誤解釋、后代文人誤解前代口語詞、流俗詞源、語言接觸過程中的錯(cuò)誤理解等。導(dǎo)致詞產(chǎn)生誤解誤用義的常見因素有:意義干擾、讀音干擾、詞形干擾、內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的重新分析、語境誤推等,根本原因是"陌生化"。因誤解誤用而產(chǎn)生新義的現(xiàn)象在其它語言中同樣存在。對(duì)于在語言發(fā)展史上已經(jīng)完成了詞義變化、約定俗成的誤解誤用義,只能尊重社會(huì)的選擇。詞存在"誤解誤用義"這一語言事實(shí)可以豐富我們對(duì)"詞是怎樣變了意義的"問題的認(rèn)識(shí),有助于說明漢語史上一些詞義的來源,也可以加深人們對(duì)語言本質(zhì)的認(rèn)識(shí)。
[Abstract]:The misuse of words due to misunderstanding will also produce new meanings, which is a way of word meaning evolution. The common types of misinterpretation in the history of Chinese are the misinterpretation of exegesis, the misinterpretation of spoken words by later generations, the misinterpretation of vulgar etymology, the process of language contact, and so on. The common factors leading to misunderstandings and misuses of words are: interference of meaning, interference of pronunciation, interference of word form, re-analysis of internal structure, misinterpretation of context and so on. The fundamental reason is "defamiliarization". The phenomenon of new meanings arising from misunderstandings and misuses also exists in other languages. In the history of language development, we can only respect the choice of society for the misunderstanding and misuse of meaning which has been completed in the history of language development. The fact that words "misunderstand and misuse meaning" can enrich our understanding of the problem of "how words have changed meaning", help to explain the origin of some meanings in the history of Chinese, and also deepen people's understanding of the essence of language.
【作者單位】： 浙江大學(xué)漢語史研究中心;南京大學(xué)文學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“漢語核心詞的歷史與現(xiàn)狀研究”(11BYY062)
【分類號(hào)】：H13

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