本文選題：主謂式復合詞 + 主素　； 參考：《山東大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：主謂式復合詞是現(xiàn)代漢語復合詞的主要類型之一,但由于數(shù)量相對較少,故所受關注也相對有限。關于主謂式復合詞,已有一些學者進行過研究,但主要內容是其分布、歷時或零散的語義研究,關于它在現(xiàn)代漢語中的深入研究則相對薄弱。主謂式復合詞長期存在并被廣泛使用,說明它有存在的必要性,因而,研究這一類復合詞,對于現(xiàn)代漢語復合詞系統(tǒng)乃至整個現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯系統(tǒng),都是十分有必要的。我們從《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》(第6版)中提取出所有的主謂式復合詞作為本文研究的語料,并主要分四章對這些現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞進行研究。第一章是現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的判定。首先,我們探討什么是主謂關系,以及現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的主謂關系又有何獨特之處。其次,我們分別對現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的主素和謂素進行判定,我們使用的判定標準是綜合式的,既借鑒了形式標準,又從意義角度來進行甄別。之后我們分析了現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的特點。最后,我們探討了在現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞中比較重要的幾個詞群,包括“自X”類和表人體名稱類的主謂式復合詞等。主謂式復合詞的判定是一個十分重要的基礎工作,由于數(shù)量少,每一個詞判定的正確與否對于整個語料的作用都很重要。第二章中我們分別分析了主謂式復合詞的前后兩個構成部分——主素和謂素。關于主素,其性質只有名詞性和代詞性兩種,我們根據(jù)意義又將它們細分為不同的類別；從語義特征方面,我們分析出主素的三個主要特征：無生性、無定指性和非施事性。關于謂素,其性質只有動詞性和形容詞性兩種,我們先分析了它們在語義上主要的特征,即是否具有可控性；之后,我們又分析了謂素的非及物性特征,并對一些具有及物性的特例作了分析和解釋。第三章中我們對現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞進行了語義角度的分析。首先是表義類型,我們認為有六種。之后,我們分析了現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的詞素和詞的語義關系,包含兩大類,即組合關系與融合關系,并進一步分析了融合關系中的幾種不同融合方式。最后,我們論述了現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的單義性,以及轉類現(xiàn)象,即詞性和謂素的素性不同的情況,并分析轉類現(xiàn)象的成因和它在主謂式復合詞成詞方面所體現(xiàn)出的作用。第四章我們探討了現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的衍生情況,首先是現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的來源問題,我們認為它們一部分從古代漢語演化發(fā)展而來,另一部分則是利用主謂關系在現(xiàn)代漢語中全新創(chuàng)制的。接著,我們探討了現(xiàn)代漢語主謂式復合詞的衍生機制、衍生特點以及衍生的影響因素,關于影響因素,我們主要分析了三個方面,即隱喻轉喻、用典,以及外來語的影響。
[Abstract]:The subject-predicate compound is one of the main types of modern Chinese compound words, but because of the relatively small number, the attention is relatively limited. Some scholars have studied the subject-predicate compound, but the main content is its distribution, diachronic or scattered semantic research, but the in-depth study on it in modern Chinese is relatively weak. Subject-predicate compound words exist for a long time and are widely used, which shows the necessity of their existence. Therefore, it is necessary to study this kind of compound words for the modern Chinese compound word system and even the whole modern Chinese lexical system. We extract all the subject-predicate compound words from the Dictionary of Modern Chinese (6th Edition) as the corpus of this paper, and mainly divide into four chapters to study these modern Chinese subject-predicate compound words. The first chapter is the judgment of the subject-predicate compound in modern Chinese. First of all, we discuss what is the subject-predicate relationship, and what is unique about the subject-predicate relationship in modern Chinese. Secondly, we judge the subject and predicate elements of the subject and predicate compound words in modern Chinese, and the criteria we use are comprehensive, which not only draw lessons from the formal standard, but also discriminate from the perspective of meaning. Then we analyze the characteristics of the subject-predicate compound in modern Chinese. Finally, we discuss several important word groups in modern Chinese subject-predicate compound words, including the subject-predicate compound words of "self-X" class and human body name class. The judgment of subject-predicate compound words is a very important basic work, because of the small number, the judgment of each word is very important to the function of the whole corpus. In the second chapter, we analyze the two components of the subject-predicate compound: the principal prime and the predicate prime. There are only two kinds of principal primes, noun and pronoun, and we subdivide them into different categories according to their meanings. In terms of semantic features, we analyze the three main features of principal elements: anarchy, asdeterminacy and non-agency. There are only two kinds of predicate morpheme: verb and adjective. We first analyze their main semantic characteristics, that is, whether they have controllability, and then we analyze the non- and transitive characteristics of predicate. Some special cases with physical properties are analyzed and explained. In the third chapter, we analyze the subject-predicate compound in modern Chinese from the semantic point of view. The first is the type of meaning, we think there are six. After that, we analyze the semantic relationship between morpheme and word of the subject-predicate compound word in modern Chinese, which includes two categories, that is, the combination relation and the fusion relation, and further analyzes several different fusion ways in the fusion relationship. Finally, we discuss the single meaning of the subject-predicate compound words in modern Chinese, and the phenomenon of transformation, that is, the difference between the primality of part of speech and the element of predicate, and analyze the causes of the phenomenon of conversion and its role in the formation of subject-predicate compound words. In the fourth chapter, we discuss the derivation of subject-predicate compound words in modern Chinese, first of all, the source of subject-predicate compound words in modern Chinese. We think that some of them have developed from the evolution of ancient Chinese. The other part is to use the subject-predicate relationship in modern Chinese to create a new. Then, we discuss the derivative mechanism, the derivative characteristics and the influence factors of the subject-predicate compound words in modern Chinese. As for the influencing factors, we mainly analyze three aspects, namely, metonymy, allusions, and the influence of foreign loan words.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H146

【引證文獻】

相關會議論文 前1條

1 祁艷;;“自V”結構中“自”的淺談[A];江西省語言學會2004年年會論文集[C];2004年

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本文編號：1893712