本文選題：少數(shù)民族的現(xiàn)代化 + 民族分層　； 參考：《北京大學(xué)教育評論》2012年03期

【摘要】：在一個多民族國家的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中,擁有自己語言文字的各少數(shù)民族如何參與到國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展事業(yè)中,并使本民族在各領(lǐng)域得到充分發(fā)展,對于實現(xiàn)民族平等和鞏固國家統(tǒng)一都非常重要。本文首先從社會學(xué)"民族分層"的角度,以新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)人口普查數(shù)據(jù)為案例討論了中國的"民族分層"現(xiàn)狀,提出只有當(dāng)各少數(shù)民族的職業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與漢族的職業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)大致相似時,才能在相同程度上參與中國社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展事業(yè),并具有相似的社會影響力和話語權(quán)。從計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制過渡到市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制后,少數(shù)民族勞動者和大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)在很大程度上取決于勞動力市場對就業(yè)者的語言和業(yè)務(wù)能力的要求,而漢語能力和使用漢語掌握專業(yè)知識的能力已經(jīng)成為他們就業(yè)和發(fā)展的瓶頸。本文還以自治地區(qū)3所大學(xué)圖書館的藏書為例,說明漢語文出版物提供的知識信息是少數(shù)民族不應(yīng)忽視的重要知識來源,也是各少數(shù)民族進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展進(jìn)程的重要渠道,應(yīng)該從少數(shù)民族實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化的角度來看待今天各少數(shù)民族自治區(qū)推行的雙語教育工作。最后作者討論了當(dāng)前在我國推動雙語教育過程中應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的幾個問題。
[Abstract]:How, in the process of modernization of a multi-ethnic country, ethnic minorities with their own languages and characters can participate in the economic and social development of the country and enable their peoples to fully develop in all fields, It is very important to realize national equality and consolidate national unity. This paper first discusses the present situation of "ethnic stratification" in China from the angle of sociological "ethnic stratification", taking the census data of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region as a case study. It is proposed that only when the occupational structure of the ethnic minorities and the Han nationality is approximately similar, can they participate in the social, economic and cultural development of China to the same extent, and have similar social influence and right of speech. After the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the employment of ethnic minority workers and university graduates depends to a large extent on the requirements of the labour market for the language and professional abilities of the employed. Chinese ability and the ability of using Chinese to master professional knowledge have become the bottleneck of their employment and development. This paper also takes the collections of three university libraries in autonomous areas as an example to show that the knowledge information provided by Chinese language publications is an important source of knowledge that should not be ignored by ethnic minorities, and is also an important channel for minority nationalities to enter the process of modernization development. The bilingual education carried out by the ethnic minorities autonomous regions should be viewed from the perspective of the modernization of ethnic minorities. Finally, the author discusses some problems that should be paid attention to in the process of promoting bilingual education in China.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)社會學(xué)人類學(xué)研究所;
【分類號】：H2;H102
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本文編號：1885833