本文選題：動(dòng)態(tài)助詞 + 副詞　； 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語完句問題研究雖取得了豐碩成果,但仍有深入研究的空間。與以往研究不同,本文不再繼續(xù)探討完句成分的種類和數(shù)量,而是考察學(xué)界公認(rèn)的完句詞類(助詞、副詞)在心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力大小。具體說來,本文只探討動(dòng)態(tài)助詞“著、了、過”,程度副詞“很、太、十分”,時(shí)間副詞“經(jīng)常、正在、已經(jīng)”,語氣副詞“也許、一定、的確”,否定副詞“不、沒有、別”在一價(jià)、二價(jià)乃至整個(gè)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力大小。本文把討論范圍限定在排除語境及非陳述語調(diào)后的靜態(tài)陳述句中,并以三個(gè)平面語法理論為基礎(chǔ),提出靜態(tài)自足陳述句在句法、語義、語用上的基本要求以作為判定完句的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。同時(shí)從配價(jià)語法理論出發(fā),按動(dòng)詞的“價(jià)”對(duì)各心理動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行分類,并按配價(jià)的要求構(gòu)建基本動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)以作為探討基礎(chǔ)。隨后運(yùn)用添加法、語感判斷法以及問卷調(diào)查法等逐一考察15個(gè)完句成分在一價(jià)、二價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句情況,并依據(jù)各自構(gòu)成的完句數(shù)量列出其完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列。最后結(jié)合考察結(jié)果分析制約完句成分完句能力的因素。經(jīng)過逐一考察和分析,動(dòng)態(tài)助詞“著、了、過”在心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:過了著;其中在一價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:了過著;在二價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:過著了。程度、時(shí)間、語氣、否定四小類副詞在心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:程度否定語氣時(shí)間;其中在一價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:程度否定時(shí)間語氣;在二價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:語氣否定程度時(shí)間。同時(shí),各小類副詞內(nèi)部成員的完句能力也存在強(qiáng)弱之別,比如:否定副詞“不、沒有、別”在一價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為:不沒有別;在二價(jià)心理動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu)中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱序列為為:(不/沒有)別。這一考察結(jié)果說明,完句成分的完句能力具有層級(jí)性,其層級(jí)性表現(xiàn)在同一完句范疇內(nèi)部各成員在同一完句對(duì)象(動(dòng)核結(jié)構(gòu))中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱不等;同一完句范疇在不同完句對(duì)象中的完句能力強(qiáng)弱不同。經(jīng)過分析可知,語義是制約完句成分完句能力強(qiáng)弱的首要因素。除此外,其完句能力還可能受到句法條件或語用信息的制約。
[Abstract]:Although the study of sentence completion in modern Chinese has made fruitful achievements, there is still room for further study. Different from previous studies, this paper no longer continues to explore the types and quantities of the complete sentence components, but rather examines the extent of the completion ability of the completed parts of speech (auxiliary, adverbs) in the mental moving-nucleus structure, which is generally recognized in the academic circle. Specifically, this paper only discusses the dynamic auxiliary word "Zhe, over", the degree adverb "very, too, very", the time adverb "often, is, already", the mood adverb "maybe, certainly, indeed", the negative adverb "No, no," Don't "finish sentences in one price, two valence and even the whole psychokineuclear structure." In this paper, the scope of discussion is limited to the static statements after excluding the context and the non-declarative intonation, and based on the three plane grammar theories, it is proposed that the static self-contained statements are syntactic and semantic. The basic requirements of pragmatics are taken as the criterion of sentence completion. At the same time, starting from the theory of valence grammar, the author classifies the psychological verbs according to the "valence" of the verbs, and constructs the basic structure of the movement-nucleus according to the requirements of the valence as the basis of discussion. Then we use the addition method, the language sense judgment method and the questionnaire method to investigate the completion of the sentence in the one-valency and bivalent mental moving-core structure of 15 complete sentence components, and list the sequence of the completion ability according to the number of the completed sentence. Finally, we analyze the factors that restrict the ability of sentence completion. Through the investigation and analysis one by one, the sequence of sentence completion ability of the dynamic auxiliary in the structure of psychokinetic nucleus is as follows: the sequence of completion ability in the structure of univalent mental moving-nucleus is as follows: (1) the sequence of completion ability in the structure of mental motility is: (1) the sequence of sentence completion ability in the structure of mental moving-nucleus is: "over"; In the structure of bivalent psychokinetic nucleus, the sequence of sentence completion ability is: over. The degree, time, mood, negation of the four subcategories of adverbs in the mental movement-nucleus structure in the sentence completion ability of the strong or weak sequence is: degree of negative mood time, which in the one-valent psychological moving-nucleus structure of the completion ability of the strong and weak sequence is: degree of negation of the temporal mood; In the structure of bivalent psychokinetic nucleus, the sequence of sentence completion ability is as follows: tone negation degree time. At the same time, there are strong and weak differences in the completion ability of the members of each subcategory of adverbs. For example: negative adverbs "no, no" in the one-valent psychological structure of the strong or weak sequence of sentence completion: no, no. In the bivalent psychokinetic structure, the sentence completion ability is in the order of: (no / no). The result of this investigation shows that the complete ability of the complete sentence component is hierarchical, and its hierarchy is manifested in the different degree of the completion ability of the members in the same sentence complete object (move-core structure) within the same complete sentence category; The ability of the same complete sentence category is different in different sentence completion objects. Through analysis, we can see that semantics is the primary factor that restricts the ability to finish sentence. In addition, its ability to complete sentences may be restricted by syntactic conditions or pragmatic information.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H146.1

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