本文選題：在 + 語法化��； 參考：《渤海大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：漢語中“在”是個歷史傳承詞，早在西周時期甲骨文中就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了。秦漢時期的“在”在意義和用法上有了一些變化，這和它后面所接的成分有很大關(guān)系。“在”的后面除了可以接用來表示“處所”意義的詞語，還可以接表示“時間”、“范圍”、“方位”、“狀態(tài)”意義的詞語�！霸�+NP”結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示“和人或事物相關(guān)的處所、時間”等意義，還可以表示“和事件或行為動作相關(guān)的處所，時間”等意義，這些意義都是在“A在B”這一認(rèn)知框架下產(chǎn)生的。這一認(rèn)知框架也是副詞“在”產(chǎn)生的重要因素。其后，“在”出現(xiàn)了表示“和動作相關(guān)的狀態(tài)”的意義，這個意義是副詞“在”產(chǎn)生的語義背景，“NP+在+VP”是副詞“在”產(chǎn)生的句法環(huán)境。在現(xiàn)代漢語中，“在”又發(fā)展出來一些更加虛化的用法，進(jìn)而變成了詞內(nèi)的附著成分。 現(xiàn)代漢語“在”的用法和意義繼承了古代漢語中“在”的用法和意義并在此基礎(chǔ)上有了一定的發(fā)展，但是并沒有發(fā)生太大變化。對于“在”這樣一個在歷史發(fā)展中長期存在的詞語，有對它詞性的界定需要用歷時和共時相結(jié)合的觀點(diǎn)來分析�！霸凇彼霈F(xiàn)的語言環(huán)境主要有三種，，“在+NP”、“在+NP+VP”、“VP+在+NP”，這三種形式秦漢時期就已出現(xiàn)，詞性為動詞�，F(xiàn)代漢語中“在”的主要形式也是這三種，而且語義并沒有多大變化。同時，根據(jù)學(xué)界時賢們有關(guān)詞類劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的論述，共時平面中，現(xiàn)代漢語中的“在”也是動詞，并沒有像“于”、“把”、“從”等詞語從動詞語法化為介詞，只能說在有些用法上與介詞類似，但就詞性來說，依然是動詞。
[Abstract]:Chinese word "Ze" is a historical inheritance word, as early as the Western Zhou Dynasty oracle bone inscriptions have appeared. During the Qin and Han dynasties, there were some changes in the meaning and usage of Zai, which had much to do with the following elements. "in" can be followed by words meaning "place", but also "time", "range", "position", "state" meaning. "in NP" structure can mean "place, time related to person or thing" and "place, time" related to event or action. These meanings come into being under the cognitive frame of "A in B". This cognitive framework is also an important factor in the generation of adverbs. After that, the meaning of "the appearance of the state of expression" and "action related" is the semantic background in which the adverb "Zai" is produced, and "NP" is the syntactic environment in which the adverb "is" produced. In modern Chinese, Ze has developed some more fictitious usage, which has become the attachment of words. The usage and meaning of "Zai" in modern Chinese have inherited the usage and meaning of "Zai" in ancient Chinese and have developed to a certain extent on this basis, but it has not changed much. For the word "Zai", which has existed for a long time in the historical development, the definition of its part of speech needs to be analyzed from the viewpoint of diachronic and synchronic combination. There are mainly three kinds of linguistic environments in "Zhe", "in NP", "in NP VP" and "VP in NP". These three forms have already appeared in Qin and Han dynasties, and the part of speech is a verb. The main form of Ze in modern Chinese is also these three kinds, and the semantics have not changed much. At the same time, according to the argumentation on the classification standard of parts of speech by scholars, in the synchronic plane, the "Ze" in modern Chinese is also a verb, and does not change the words such as "Yu", "from" and "from" from verb grammar to preposition. It can only be said that in some uses similar to prepositions, but in terms of part of speech, is still a verb.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：渤海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H14

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