本文選題：身體部位習(xí)語(yǔ) + 隱喻��； 參考：《西安外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：“習(xí)語(yǔ)”是每一個(gè)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者都非常熟悉的術(shù)語(yǔ)，，但對(duì)它的定義或內(nèi)涵我們不。因?yàn)槊總�(gè)專家和不同的字典對(duì)它的定義不完全一致。有些字典里不包括警句和諺語(yǔ)，僅僅指成語(yǔ)。例如牛津高階英漢雙解詞典定義習(xí)語(yǔ)為“成語(yǔ)”。有些則相反。此外，他們對(duì)習(xí)語(yǔ)的定義側(cè)重點(diǎn)各異。有的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，有的強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)義，有的強(qiáng)調(diào)功能。本文中的習(xí)語(yǔ)是指由兩個(gè)以上的單詞或四個(gè)字符(漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ))所組成的固定短語(yǔ)，其語(yǔ)義具有隱含性，不是構(gòu)成詞各意義的簡(jiǎn)單相加。本文主要研究英漢有關(guān)身體部位習(xí)語(yǔ)。這里的英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)僅僅指固定短語(yǔ)，不包括諺語(yǔ)和警句。而漢語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)指的是固定的四字格結(jié)構(gòu)。 習(xí)語(yǔ)是人類語(yǔ)言文化的結(jié)晶，正確地使用習(xí)語(yǔ)會(huì)給我們的話語(yǔ)及交際增添無(wú)窮的色彩。然而，習(xí)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義的隱含性、深刻性和固定性，給人們的理解和運(yùn)用帶來(lái)了困難。這種困難常常導(dǎo)致跨文化交際中的語(yǔ)用失誤乃至交際失敗。我們認(rèn)為要從根本上解決在跨文化交際中因習(xí)語(yǔ)的誤解與誤用所造成的語(yǔ)用失誤問(wèn)題，交際者必須深刻了解兩種語(yǔ)言中對(duì)應(yīng)習(xí)語(yǔ)的異同及其原因。因此從認(rèn)知的角度對(duì)兩種語(yǔ)言的習(xí)語(yǔ)作對(duì)比研究是有用的也是十分重要的。雖然也有語(yǔ)言學(xué)家對(duì)習(xí)語(yǔ)做過(guò)認(rèn)知研究，但還沒(méi)有形成理論體系。尤其是從認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的角度對(duì)英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究的很少，而這種研究對(duì)于英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)的掌握、運(yùn)用又是至關(guān)重要的。鑒于英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)的涉及面甚廣，本文只針對(duì)英漢語(yǔ)言中有關(guān)人體部位習(xí)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。 本研究運(yùn)用隱喻、轉(zhuǎn)喻、概念整合等認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的相關(guān)理論分析研究英漢人體部位習(xí)語(yǔ)的異同及其原因，在一定程度上揭示了這種習(xí)語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知機(jī)制。我們才認(rèn)為英漢人體部位習(xí)語(yǔ)有著相同的認(rèn)知機(jī)制一隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻，這是由于人類的思維方式具有基于其身體體驗(yàn)的普遍性。然而，英漢身體部位習(xí)語(yǔ)也表現(xiàn)出一定的差異。在探討引起這種差異的原因時(shí)，我們以《成語(yǔ)大辭典》（商務(wù)印書(shū)館）和《綜合英語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)詞典》（福建人民出版社）為語(yǔ)料基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)有關(guān)“心”、“頭”、“手”、“眼”的習(xí)語(yǔ)做了統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查，在494個(gè)中文習(xí)語(yǔ)中，有226個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)使用雙源域，而英語(yǔ)一般使用單源域。如“鐵石心腸”，中文同時(shí)使用“鐵”和“石”兩個(gè)域來(lái)形容人的心腸極硬，不為感情所動(dòng)。而“鐵石心腸”相應(yīng)的英文是“with a heartof stone”，在英文中僅僅使用“stone”這個(gè)域，而沒(méi)有同時(shí)使用“stone”和“iron”兩個(gè)域來(lái)形容人的心腸極硬。我們?cè)噲D運(yùn)用Fauconnier的概念整合理論解釋這一現(xiàn)象。概念整合理論又稱合成理論或合成空間理論。Fauconnier認(rèn)為，合成過(guò)程是在兩個(gè)輸入心理空間的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行運(yùn)演產(chǎn)生第三個(gè)空間，即合成空間。它從兩個(gè)輸入空間中提取部分結(jié)構(gòu)，并形成新創(chuàng)結(jié)構(gòu)。除此之外，文化也是一個(gè)不可忽視的原因。
[Abstract]:"Idiom" is a term that every language learner is very familiar with, but we do not define or connotate it. Because each expert and different dictionaries do not agree entirely on its definition. Some dictionaries do not include a warning and proverb, only a idiom. For example, the Oxford high order English Chinese double solution dictionary defines idioms as "Idioms". Some are In addition, they have different emphasis on the definition of idioms. Some emphasize the structure, some emphasize the semantics, and some emphasize the function. The idioms in this article refer to the fixed phrases made up of more than two words or four characters (Chinese idioms). Their semantic meaning is implicit, not a simple addition to the meaning of the constituent words. Chinese idioms in body parts. English idioms only refer to fixed phrases, excluding proverbs and aphorisms. Chinese idioms refer to a fixed four character structure.
Idioms are the crystallization of human language and culture. The correct use of idioms will add endless colors to our discourse and communication. However, the implication, profundity and fixity of idioms have brought difficulties to people's understanding and application. This difficulty often leads to pragmatic failures and even failure in communication in intercultural communication. To solve the problem of pragmatic failure caused by the misunderstanding and misuse of idioms in intercultural communication, the communicator must understand the similarities and differences of the corresponding idioms in the two languages and their reasons. Therefore, it is useful and important to make a comparative study of the idioms of the two languages from the cognitive perspective. The idioms have been studied, but there is not a theoretical system, especially the contrastive study of English and Chinese Idioms from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, which is very important to the mastery and application of English and Chinese idioms. In view of the wide range of English and Chinese idioms, this article only aims at the human body idioms in English and Chinese. Make a comparative study.
This study uses cognitive linguistics, such as metaphor, metonymy and conceptual integration, to analyze the similarities and differences of English and Chinese human body idioms and their reasons. To a certain extent, the cognitive mechanism of this idiom is revealed. It is based on the universality of its physical experience. However, there are some differences in English and Chinese idioms of body parts. In the discussion of the reasons for this difference, we use the dictionary of the idiom > (Business Press) and the comprehensive English Idiom Dictionary (Fujian people's Publishing House) as the basis of the corpus, with regard to "heart", "head", "hand", " In the 494 Chinese idioms, 226 of the 494 idioms use the dual source domain, while English generally uses the single source domain. For example, "iron stone heart", the Chinese use of the "iron" and "stone" two domains to describe the human heart hard, not emotionally moved. And the "iron stone heart" corresponding English is "with a heartof ston" E ", in English, only" stone "is used in the domain, instead of using the two domains of" stone "and" iron "to describe people's hard heart. We try to use the concept integration theory of Fauconnier to explain this phenomenon. The concept integration theory, also called the synthesis theory or the synthetic space theory.Fauconnier, that the synthesis process is in the two On the basis of psychosocial space, third spaces are produced, that is, synthetic space. It extracts some structure from two input spaces and forms a new creation structure. In addition, culture is also a reason that can not be ignored.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

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本文編號(hào)：1776519