本文選題：漢語詞義 + 在線理解�。� 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：語境對語言理解來說必不可少,對詞義理解尤其重要,因為它時刻影響著詞義在線理解的方向和內(nèi)容,可以消除詞義的不確定性、多變性和相對性,從而使詞義在特定的話語中具有唯一性。當(dāng)前,國內(nèi)外越來越多的語言研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)詞義的研究離不開運用中的語言,而語用研究也離不開詞義的研究,特別是詞義在具體語境中的語用變化情況。本文在現(xiàn)代詞匯語用學(xué)的視野下,以語用學(xué)的成熟理論為解釋框架,同時借鑒傳統(tǒng)語言學(xué)特別是訓(xùn)詁學(xué)關(guān)于詞義解釋的一些成果,對漢語話語理解中的詞匯語用充實現(xiàn)象進行了系統(tǒng)研究,目標(biāo)是通過觀察一定規(guī)模的語料對漢語詞匯運用在不同層級語境中的語用充實現(xiàn)象進行分析、描寫和分類,然后運用以關(guān)聯(lián)理論和順應(yīng)理論為基礎(chǔ)建立的分析模式,對交際主體詞匯語用充實的心理認(rèn)知機制和理解路徑進行闡釋。 全文共分六章。第1章是引言。簡要介紹選題背景和緣由、研究對象和內(nèi)容、研究目標(biāo)和意義、研究方法和語料來源；詳細梳理、述評了國內(nèi)外詞匯語用研究的歷史淵源、發(fā)展脈絡(luò)以及研究現(xiàn)狀。 第2章是方法論認(rèn)識和理論基礎(chǔ)。從詞匯語用學(xué)和語用學(xué)的關(guān)系、哲學(xué)的語言學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)向以及日常語言哲學(xué)流派三個方面進行了詞匯語用學(xué)的哲學(xué)溯源,從而從哲學(xué)的意義上進一步確認(rèn)了本文的研究價值和原動力；系統(tǒng)介紹了本文的解釋框架：關(guān)聯(lián)理論和順應(yīng)理論,包括它們各自的起源、影響及其關(guān)于語境、話語理解的主要觀點,使之成為貫穿全文的指導(dǎo)思想和主要理論基礎(chǔ)。 第3章是不同層級語境下的詞匯語用充實現(xiàn)象分析。借鑒已有的語境研究成果,提出了不同的語境分層方法,在詞匯語用學(xué)視角下,將影響詞義在線理解語用充實過程的語境分成三個大類共六個層級,第一大類為言內(nèi)語境,包括詞語境、短語語境、句子語境、超句語境四個次層級,第二大類為言外語境,第三大類為認(rèn)知語境；在此基礎(chǔ)上通過豐富的例證對不同層級語境下詞義在線理解中的語用充實現(xiàn)象進行了充分描寫,并分析了各級語境對話語理解中詞義在線理解語用充實的共同制約和調(diào)控作用。 第4章是話語理解中的詞匯語用充實類型歸納。首先通過比較典型的詞或結(jié)構(gòu)從宏觀上描述了漢語話語理解中普遍存在的詞匯語用充實現(xiàn)象,然后在現(xiàn)有的成果基礎(chǔ)上對詞匯語用充實現(xiàn)象進行了重新分類,而且采用了不同的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。一是在橫向分類的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,詞匯語用充實可分為零充實、語用收縮、語用擴充和語用轉(zhuǎn)移四種類型,二是在縱向分類的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,詞匯語用充實又可分為義項間的語用充實、義項內(nèi)的語用充實和義項外的語用充實三種情況。 第5章是詞匯語用充實的關(guān)聯(lián)—順應(yīng)性闡釋。在關(guān)聯(lián)理論和順應(yīng)理論框架下建立了一個關(guān)聯(lián)—順應(yīng)分析模式,并運用所建模式,結(jié)合具體實例,深入挖掘和剖析進入言語交際后話語理解中詞匯語用充實的(交際主體的)認(rèn)知心理和深層動因；本章還從一般詞匯意義理解和詞的功能義的理解兩方面分析了詞匯語用充實的語境順應(yīng)特性,從語言自身屬性和深層結(jié)構(gòu)方面解釋了許多發(fā)生在表層結(jié)構(gòu)中的詞匯語用變化現(xiàn)象。 第6章是詞匯語用學(xué)的理論思考和應(yīng)用探索。本章是在前面幾章基礎(chǔ)上的進一步延伸,首先是從理論意義和實踐應(yīng)用兩個方面探討了詞匯語用學(xué)特別是漢語詞匯語用學(xué)的語言學(xué)價值和發(fā)展前景,然后從詞匯語用學(xué)與翻譯、詞匯教學(xué)和語篇分析的結(jié)合角度,論證了詞匯語用學(xué)研究對翻譯、詞匯教學(xué)特別是外語詞匯教學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的重要啟示作用,指出詞匯語用學(xué)應(yīng)用性研究的巨大現(xiàn)實意義和今后有可能取得突破的研究空間。 本文主要創(chuàng)新點：第一,在語境研究上有新的突破,提出了不同的語境分層方法,比現(xiàn)有的語境分類更加細致和全面,特別是詞語境的概念體現(xiàn)了漢語構(gòu)詞和運用的特點,對認(rèn)知語境內(nèi)涵和功能的闡釋也完全不同于目前語用學(xué)和認(rèn)知語用學(xué)領(lǐng)域的認(rèn)知語境觀,這些新的認(rèn)識又為詞匯語用研究提供了更加開闊的視野；第二,通過更多的實例分析對現(xiàn)有的幾種詞匯語用充實類型有所補充,并提出了一個新的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即縱向分類,從一個詞的意義層面、詞的一個意義層面、詞的一個意義和另外一個詞的一個意義之間的關(guān)系層面上,去觀察它們在運用中有可能出現(xiàn)的語用變化情況,豐富了詞匯語用充實的研究視角；第三,利用關(guān)聯(lián)理論和順應(yīng)理論的優(yōu)勢互補,提出了關(guān)聯(lián)—順應(yīng)分析模式,藉此剖析詞義在線理解的語境順應(yīng)性以及話語理解中詞匯語用充實的心理認(rèn)知機制,使許多發(fā)生在表層結(jié)構(gòu)的詞匯語用變化現(xiàn)象得到更加合理的解釋,同時也是對此前大多停留在詞匯語用表層現(xiàn)象分析上的進一步深化研究,彌補了當(dāng)前詞匯語用學(xué)對語用學(xué)理論借鑒過于單一的缺陷,因而也使所得結(jié)論具有更強的說服力。
[Abstract]:Context is essential to language understanding, especially important to the understanding of a word, because it always affects the direction and content of the meaning of online understanding, can eliminate the meaning of uncertainty, variability and relativity, so that the meaning is unique in the particular discourse in language research. At present, more and more domestic and foreign researchers found that the meaning of the study cannot do without use of language, research and pragmatic research also cannot do without meaning, especially the pragmatic meaning of changes in the specific context. Based on the modern lexical pragmatics from the perspective of pragmatics, the mature theory to explain the framework, and from traditional linguistics especially exegesis on some meaning results explain, on Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment in Chinese discourse understanding phenomena were studied. The goal is through the observation of a certain scale corpus of Chinese vocabulary used in different levels of language We analyze, describe and classify the phenomenon of pragmatic enrichment, and then use the analytical mode based on Relevance Theory and adaptation theory to explain the psychological cognitive mechanism and understanding path of communicative corpus's lexical pragmatics.
The full text is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. It briefly introduces the background and reasons of the topic selection, research objects and contents, research objectives and significance, research methods and corpus sources, and reviews the historical origin, development context and research status of lexical pragmatics at home and abroad in detail.
The second chapter is the methodology of understanding and theoretical basis. From the Lexical Pragmatic relationship and pragmatics, the linguistic turn of philosophy and philosophy of language schools in three aspects of the philosophical origin of lexical pragmatics, thus from the meaning of philosophy further confirmed the value and price of the original power system; introduces the framework in this paper, relevance theory and adaptation theory, including their origins, and its influence on the context, main points of discourse understanding, make it become the guiding ideology and theoretical basis of the article.
The third chapter is the analysis of Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment phenomenon under the context of different levels. Using the existing context research results, proposed different methods in hierarchical context, lexical pragmatics perspective, will affect the meaning of online understanding pragmatic processes context is divided into three major categories of six levels, the first category of linguistic context including the words, phrases, sentence context, context, context four times super sentence level, second types of non linguistic context, the third category of cognitive context; on the basis of rich examples of pragmatic meaning in the context of online understanding of different levels of enrichment for the full description and analysis of the various context to understand the pragmatic enrichment of the common constraints and regulation of online word meaning in utterance understanding.
The fourth chapter is the discourse understanding of the Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment types. Firstly, by comparing the typical word or structure from a macro description of the full common phenomenon in discourse comprehension of Chinese lexical pragmatics, and then on the basis of the existing results in the phenomenon of Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment was re classified, and the use of different classification criteria. One is in the horizontal classification standard, Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment can be divided into zero enrichment, pragmatic contraction, pragmatic enrichment and pragmatic transfer of four types, two is in the vertical classification standard, Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment can be divided into pragmatic meanings to enrich the pragmatic meanings of the pragmatic enrichment and sense the full three kind of.
The fifth chapter is the Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment of the relevance adaptation interpretation. In relevance theory and adaptation theory under the framework of a relevance adaptation model, and using the model, combined with specific examples, in-depth excavation and analysis to enrich the Lexical Pragmatic after verbal communication in discourse comprehension (communicative subject) and cognitive psychology deep motivation; two functional meaning of this chapter from the general vocabulary meaning and word comprehension analysis of the contextual adaptation characteristics of Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment, explains many occur in the surface structure of the lexical pragmatic change phenomenon from the language itself and the deep structure.
The sixth chapter is to explore the theory and application of lexical pragmatics. This chapter is the further extension of the preceding chapters on the basis of the first two aspects from the theory significance and the practical application of lexical pragmatics in particular linguistic value and development prospects of Chinese lexical pragmatics, then from lexical pragmatics and translation. Vocabulary teaching and discourse analysis combined with angle, demonstrates the study of lexical pragmatics on translation, vocabulary teaching especially important implications for the field of foreign language vocabulary teaching, points out the research significance of the application of the huge space of lexical pragmatics and the possible breakthrough.
The innovations of this paper: first, a new breakthrough in the study of context, the context of different methods of stratification, classification of context than existing more detailed and comprehensive, especially the concept of word context reflects the characteristics of the formation and use of Chinese, the cognitive and functional context connotation is totally different from the cognitive context the field of pragmatics and cognitive pragmatics theory, provides a more open view of these new knowledge and lexical pragmatics; second, through more example analysis of several types of Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment supplement, and put forward a new classification standard, namely longitudinal classification, from the meaning of a word a significant level, the lexical level, the level of the relationship between a meaning of a word meaning and another word on to observe them in the use of pragmatic changes may appear, the rich Vocabulary research from the perspective of pragmatic enrichment; third, the use of relevance theory and adaptation theory of complementary advantages, proposed relevance adaptation analysis model, to analysis the meaning of online understanding of contextual adaptation psychological and cognitive mechanism of Lexical Pragmatic Enrichment and discourse understanding, many changes occurred in the surface structure of the lexical pragmatic phenomenon more reasonable interpretation at the same time, to further deepen the research but also the most remain in the analysis of the phenomenon of lexical pragmatics on the surface, to make up for the defects of the theory of pragmatics from unitary current lexical pragmatics, but also because the results are more convincing.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136

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