本文選題：語(yǔ)篇連貫 + 知覺視點(diǎn)��； 參考：《四川外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：眾所周知，一個(gè)連貫的語(yǔ)篇必然體現(xiàn)著連貫的視點(diǎn)，而連貫視點(diǎn)的特征之一就是視點(diǎn)移動(dòng)的有序性，即視點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)應(yīng)該遵循由已知到未知的人類認(rèn)知順序.在4類語(yǔ)篇視點(diǎn)中，知覺視點(diǎn)關(guān)注知覺的對(duì)象，是信息的載體，因此，在討論語(yǔ)篇連貫時(shí)，特別是語(yǔ)義連貫時(shí)，更多的是知覺視點(diǎn)在起著作用，從根本上決定著語(yǔ)義的連貫。鑒于此，本文從語(yǔ)篇視點(diǎn)理論出發(fā)，對(duì)知覺視點(diǎn)的一般移動(dòng)規(guī)則進(jìn)行探討。本文所涉及的連貫均為局部連貫，即語(yǔ)義連貫。 本文通過對(duì)知覺視點(diǎn)在記敘文、描述文、說明文和議論文這四類語(yǔ)篇中的一般移動(dòng)規(guī)律的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)知覺視點(diǎn)移動(dòng)的規(guī)律主要體現(xiàn)在時(shí)間、空間和邏輯三個(gè)方面。時(shí)間上大致存在著“從過去到現(xiàn)在”（無標(biāo)記），“從現(xiàn)在到過去”（有標(biāo)記）以及“從現(xiàn)在到過去再到現(xiàn)在”（有標(biāo)記）三種順序；在空間上大致存在著“從整體到部分”（無標(biāo)記），“從部分到整體”（有標(biāo)記），“從外到內(nèi)”（無標(biāo)記），“從內(nèi)到外”（有標(biāo)記），“從上到下”（無標(biāo)記），“從下到上”（有標(biāo)記）六種順序；在邏輯上大致存在著“從一般到特殊”（無標(biāo)記），“從特殊到一般”（有標(biāo)記），“從抽象到具體”（無標(biāo)記），“從具體到抽象”（有標(biāo)記），“從原因到結(jié)果”（無標(biāo)記），“從結(jié)果到原因”（有標(biāo)記）六種順序。并且，通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，，有時(shí)，在同一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇中，視點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)順序并不總是單一的，它可以同時(shí)存在著兩種或兩種以上的移動(dòng)順序。但這并不意味著視點(diǎn)移動(dòng)順序的繁雜和混亂，因?yàn)橐粋�(gè)連貫的語(yǔ)篇通常只表達(dá)一個(gè)主題，相應(yīng)地有一個(gè)總體的語(yǔ)篇視點(diǎn)，其它各部分都是圍繞著這個(gè)主題展開，各部分視點(diǎn)都受制于這個(gè)總體的語(yǔ)篇視點(diǎn)之下。因此，無論一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇存在著多少種順序，總是只有一種順序占主導(dǎo)在支配著其他順序。此外，知覺視點(diǎn)的這些移動(dòng)順序并不是任意或偶然體現(xiàn)出來的，而是與人類的認(rèn)知體驗(yàn)，尤其是象似性和識(shí)解方式有著極大的關(guān)系。例如，視點(diǎn)移動(dòng)的無標(biāo)記順序體現(xiàn)了人類認(rèn)知的順序象似性，而有標(biāo)記的移動(dòng)順序則體現(xiàn)了標(biāo)記象似性。 最后，從每類語(yǔ)篇中隨機(jī)抽取10篇進(jìn)行抽樣調(diào)查后發(fā)現(xiàn)：在這四類語(yǔ)篇中，無標(biāo)記移動(dòng)順序的語(yǔ)篇均多余有標(biāo)記的語(yǔ)篇，其所占比例在敘述語(yǔ)篇中為60%，描述語(yǔ)篇中為66.7%，說明性語(yǔ)篇中為66.7%以及議論性語(yǔ)篇中為80%。這組數(shù)據(jù)再次說明了人類的認(rèn)知基本上都遵循著從無到有，從已知到未知的規(guī)律，這恰好與知覺視點(diǎn)的特性相符。因此，本文的研究結(jié)果不僅闡釋了知覺視點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)與連貫之間的關(guān)系，而且還發(fā)現(xiàn)了其移動(dòng)規(guī)律背后的認(rèn)知?jiǎng)右颍@對(duì)語(yǔ)篇連貫的闡述提供了一個(gè)新的視角。
[Abstract]:It is well known that a coherent text is bound to embody a coherent viewpoint, and one of the features of coherent viewpoint is the order of viewpoint movement, that is, the movement of viewpoint should follow the human cognitive order from known to unknown.In the four kinds of discourse viewpoints, perceptual viewpoints focus on the objects of perception, which is the carrier of information. Therefore, in the discussion of discourse coherence, especially in semantic coherence, more perceptual viewpoints play a role, which fundamentally determines semantic coherence.In view of this, this paper discusses the general movement rules of perceptual viewpoint from the perspective theory of discourse.The coherence involved in this paper is local coherence, that is semantic coherence.Through the study of the general laws of movement of perceptual viewpoint in narrative, descriptive, narrative and argumentative texts, it is found that the law of perceptual viewpoint movement is mainly embodied in three aspects: time, space and logic.There are three kinds of order in time: "from the past to the present" (unmarked), "from the present to the past" (marked) and "from the present to the past and then to the present" (marked);In space, there is roughly "from whole to part" (unmarked), "from part to whole" (marked), "from outside to inside" (unmarked), "from inside to outside" (marked), "from top to bottom" (unmarked)"(marked)" (marked) in six order;Logically, there are "from general to special" (unmarked), "from special to general" (marked), "from abstract to concrete" (unmarked), "from specific to abstract" (marked to abstract, "from cause to result") (Unmarked, "from result to cause" (marked) in six order.Furthermore, it is found that sometimes, in the same text, the viewpoint movement order is not always single, it can exist at the same time two or more kinds of moving order.However, this does not mean the complexity and confusion of the sequence of view movements, because a coherent text usually expresses only one topic, corresponding to a general discourse perspective, and the rest of the text is organized around this topic.Each part of the point of view is subject to this overall discourse perspective.Therefore, no matter how many sequences exist in a text, only one order dominates the others.In addition, the sequence of movements of perceptual viewpoints is not arbitrary or accidental, but has a great relationship with human cognitive experience, especially iconicity and understanding.For example, the unmarked sequence of view movement reflects the sequence iconicity of human cognition, while the marked order of movement reflects marked iconicity.Finally, a random sampling of 10 texts from each type of discourse is carried out. It is found that in these four types of discourse, the unmarked moving order of the text is superfluous to the marked text.Its proportion is 60 in narrative discourse, 66.7% in descriptive discourse, 66.7% in descriptive discourse and 80% in argumentative discourse.The data once again show that human cognition basically follows the law from scratch, from known to unknown, which coincides with the characteristics of perceptual viewpoint.Therefore, the present study not only explains the relationship between perceptual viewpoint movement and coherence, but also finds the cognitive motivation behind the movement law, which provides a new perspective for discourse coherence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H05

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本文編號(hào)：1750539