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  本文選題：生命性　切入點：語義次范疇　出處：《江蘇師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：詞的生命性問題是語言學(xué)界和神經(jīng)科學(xué)界討論的一個熱點話題。大多數(shù)研究都是從名詞的生命性角度出發(fā)，研究生命性名詞與非生命性名詞的加工機制，研究名詞論元的生命性在句法加工、動詞選擇中的作用。形容詞是名詞重要的修飾成分，參照名詞的生命性劃分，從語義特征的角度可以將形容詞劃分為有生形容詞、共相形容詞和無生形容詞，因此，形容詞的這種語義特征分類與名詞的生命性有著重要的聯(lián)系。然而在對形容詞以及形容詞與名詞的搭配研究中，研究者關(guān)注的是多重修飾形容詞的順序等問題，對形容詞的生命性語義特征的研究沒有得到足夠的重視。 本研究旨在討論生命性語義特征在形容詞加工中的作用及形名短語語義次范疇搭配中的選擇性限制等。依據(jù)生命性語義特征，結(jié)合前人的分類，將形容詞分為有生形容詞、共相形容詞和無生形容詞，將名詞分為有生名詞和無生名詞，共構(gòu)建四種形容詞次類與名詞次類語義相匹配的形名短語和兩種語義不匹配的形名短語。它們分別是：A生+N生、A生/非生+N生、A非生+N非生、A生/非生+N非生、A生+N非生、A非生+N生。使用事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù)對不同生命性形容詞與名詞搭配所誘發(fā)的P2、N400和P600等腦電成分進行了探討，得出實驗結(jié)果和研究結(jié)論如下： 生命性形容詞構(gòu)成的短語與非生命性形容詞構(gòu)成的短語誘發(fā)了P2、N400和P600等成分，對這些ERP成分的波幅和潛伏期并結(jié)合腦地形圖進行分析的結(jié)果表明，A生+N生與A生/非生+N生相比，在P2成分上，有生形容詞在額葉腦區(qū)誘發(fā)的P2波幅顯著大于共相形容詞誘發(fā)的波幅（p值為0.001），，在N400成分上，共相形容詞在前部腦區(qū)誘發(fā)的波幅更負(fù)，在P600成分上，生命性形容詞在中央頂區(qū)及右腦誘發(fā)的波幅更正（p值為0.004）；A無生+N無生與A生/無生+N無生相比，在P2成分上，無生形容詞在前部腦區(qū)顯著大于共相形容詞（p值為0.03），在N400成分上，共相形容詞在中央?yún)^(qū)和額區(qū)誘發(fā)的N400更負(fù)，在P600成分上，無生形容詞在雙側(cè)顳葉和中央頂區(qū)誘發(fā)的波幅更正。這些差異均表明，有生形容詞、共相形容詞和無生形容詞之間有不同的腦機制，主要表現(xiàn)在P2、P600成分，形容詞的生命性語義范疇的分類有一定的神經(jīng)基礎(chǔ)。形容詞的生命性在形容詞選擇后面的名詞中，起著重要的約束和限制作用。A生+N生與A非生+N非生短語相比，在中央?yún)^(qū)及右部腦區(qū)誘發(fā)了典型的語義P600，說明生命性作為一個突出性語義特征，能對短語的句法加工產(chǎn)生一定影響。
[Abstract]:The question of the life of words is a hot topic in the field of linguistics and neuroscience. Most studies focus on the processing mechanism of living nouns and inanimate nouns from the perspective of noun life. This paper studies the role of noun argument in syntactic processing and verb selection. Adjectives are important modifiers of nouns. According to the classification of noun liveness, adjectives can be divided into living adjectives from the point of view of semantic characteristics. The semantic characteristics of adjectives are related to the life of nouns. However, in the study of adjectives and the collocation of adjectives and nouns, Researchers pay more attention to the order of multiple modifiers, but not enough attention has been paid to the study of the semantic characteristics of adjectives. The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of the semantic features of life in the processing of adjectives and the selective restriction in the collocation of semantic subcategories of morpheme and noun phrases. According to the semantic features of life and the classification of predecessors, adjectives are classified into living adjectives. The nouns are divided into living nouns and unborn nouns. Four kinds of adjective subclass and noun subclass semantic matching morph-noun phrases and two semantic mismatched morph-noun phrases are constructed. Using event-related potential technique, the P2N400 and P600 components induced by the collocation of different life adjectives and nouns were studied. The experimental results and conclusions are as follows:. The phrases composed of living adjectives and those composed of inanimate adjectives induce elements such as P2N400 and P600. The amplitudes and latencies of these ERP components were analyzed in combination with the brain topographic map. The amplitude of P2 wave induced by possessive adjectives in frontal lobe brain region was significantly higher than that induced by co-phase adjectives (P = 0.001). In N400 component, the amplitude of co-phase adjectives was more negative in the frontal brain region, and in P600 component, there was no significant difference between the two adjectives. The amplitude correction value of life adjectives in the central parietal region and the right brain was 0.004%. In the N400 component, the N400 was more negative in the central and frontal regions, and in the P600 component, it was significantly higher in the anterior brain area than that in the cophase adjective (P = 0.03), in the N400 component, in the central region and the frontal region, the N400 was more negative in the common adjective than in the common adjective. These differences indicated that there were different brain mechanisms among the three adjectives, including P2P600, P2P600, P2P600, P2P600, and P2P600, which were different in the temporal lobe and the central parietal region of both sides, and the differences showed that there were different brain mechanisms among the three adjectives. The classification of the semantic category of adjective life has a certain neural basis. The life of adjective plays an important role in restricting and limiting the noun after adjective selection. Typical semantic P600 has been induced in the central region and the right brain area, which shows that life, as a prominent semantic feature, can affect the syntactic processing of phrases to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H042

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本文編號：1613265