本文選題：古藏文寫本　切入點(diǎn)：《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》　出處：《西藏大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：吐蕃贊普松贊干布時期佛教正式從印度傳入吐蕃。爾后松贊干布的王位傳至第五代子嗣赤松德贊時期，便從印度先后迎請了寂護(hù)和蓮花生兩位大師；公元779年在寂護(hù)的主持下修建了藏族歷史上第一座寺院—桑耶寺。隨后特地派人到印度恭請了十二位根本“說一切部”的僧人，協(xié)助寂護(hù)開始試度吐蕃貴族青年出家；從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了吐蕃本土首批僧伽組織的出現(xiàn)即“七覺士”。桑耶寺建成后，為了學(xué)習(xí)佛法招收藏族少年培養(yǎng)翻譯人才，組建譯場，從事佛經(jīng)翻譯。在漫長的佛經(jīng)翻譯實(shí)踐中，班智達(dá)和譯師們不斷總結(jié)翻譯經(jīng)驗(yàn)，出具形成藏族翻譯理論雛形。 吐蕃贊普赤德松贊繼位后，牢記其父赤松德贊的愿望，聘請祖國內(nèi)地及印度等地佛教學(xué)者，同藏族譯人一起譯經(jīng)，在譯經(jīng)過程中不斷總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，找出存在的問題，探尋產(chǎn)生問題的原因。通過總結(jié)提出統(tǒng)一術(shù)語之基本要求，并開始提出了譯經(jīng)原則及翻譯基本技法，其原則及技法于公元814年贊普以法令形式頒布于世即：藏族歷史上第一部翻譯理論著作—《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》。 歷代班智達(dá)和譯師以此理論奉為金科玉律，把浩如煙海、博大精深的兄弟民族優(yōu)秀文化典籍翻譯成藏文，逐漸形成了舉世矚目的藏族百科全書－藏文《大藏經(jīng)》。這正是依靠此翻譯理論的。 本文以歷史唯物主義觀，充分應(yīng)用各種不同版本的《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》古籍、藏漢史料及敦煌文獻(xiàn)上的零星記載，通過歷史學(xué)、文獻(xiàn)學(xué)、翻譯學(xué)等多學(xué)科理論知識和研究方法，在國內(nèi)外學(xué)者研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，對這部古代藏族翻譯理論進(jìn)行較深入翔實(shí)的研究。 本文用四章的篇幅，，對古代藏族翻譯理論進(jìn)行研究。具體內(nèi)容概述如下: 第一章，詳細(xì)介紹了迄今保存完整的《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》不同版本，且根據(jù)其內(nèi)容完整性分為：完整型版本、殘缺型版本兩個小節(jié)。其中著重介紹了少見的兩件《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》寫本，并進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的臨摹記錄。 第二章，概述吐蕃贊普松贊干布至赤德松贊期間的吐蕃社會的歷史背景，同時以歷代贊普佛經(jīng)翻譯活動情況為主線，翔實(shí)地研究了古代藏族翻譯理論《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》形成的原因。 第三章，從八個方面研究了該翻譯理論體系。一、從該著作的書名來歷入手，就如何區(qū)分該書提到的第一卷、第二卷界限問題提出了拙見。二、梳理了該翻譯理論的具體內(nèi)容，特別是重新解讀了至今學(xué)術(shù)界眾說紛紜，莫衷一是的古藏文詞匯“”“”等。三、吐蕃時期翻譯隊伍、譯場的歷史沿革進(jìn)行了研究。四、根據(jù)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的《聲明要領(lǐng)二卷》寫本，打破關(guān)于此翻譯理論成書年代傳統(tǒng)說法，并初步推斷成書年代。四、通過實(shí)地調(diào)研和文獻(xiàn)資料相結(jié)合方式，對該翻譯理論編篡地溫江多宮殿的歷史演變進(jìn)行考證。 第四章，主要探討了該翻譯理論相關(guān)的問題。從三個方面進(jìn)行介紹：一、主要研究了藏族歷史上著名三大譯師人生軌跡及留給后代的豐功偉績，同時對三大譯師任大譯審一職的先后順序提出了拙見。二、從吐蕃時期出現(xiàn)的“”和“”的最初含義探討它們間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和區(qū)別，繼而對各詞匯所引申的決議內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析并提出淺見。三、吐蕃時期編篡的三大佛經(jīng)目錄《蘭噶目錄》《欽浦目錄》《旁塘目錄》進(jìn)行深入翔實(shí)的研究，主要探討了三大目錄編輯人員、時間、地點(diǎn)等問題，同時通過現(xiàn)存的《蘭噶目錄》《旁塘目錄》與《普頓佛經(jīng)目錄》進(jìn)行�？�，盡自己綿薄之力推測遺失的《欽浦目錄》所收錄的部分典籍。
[Abstract]:Zanpu of Tubo Buddhism in the period of Song Xan Gan Bbu from India formally introduced to the Tubo. Then the throne of Song Xan Gan Bbu to the fifth generation offspring from the Akamatsu Toku period, India has invited the santaraksita and Padmasambhava two masters; in 779 ad santaraksita built under the auspices of the Tibetan history the temple -. Then sent to India monastery I said all twelve fundamental "monks, santaraksita began to try to assist the Tibetan nobility young monk; in order to achieve a local Sangha organization first appeared the" seven Cox ". After the completion of the study for the Samye monastery, Buddhism Tibetan Youth translation talents recruitment, the formation of a translation, in the translation of Buddhist scriptures. In the long Buddhist translation practice, and translation of Banzhida teachers constantly sum up experience in translation, issued by the formation of the Tibetan translation theory prototype.
Zanpu of Tubo sadnalegs succession, remember his father Akamatsu Toku's desire to engage in the mainland and India, with the translation of Tibetan Buddhist scholars, with translation, in the translation process to constantly sum up experience, find out problems, explore the causes of the problems. The basic requirements of the unified terminology proposed by summing up, and began to make the translation of the basic principles and techniques of translation, its principles and techniques in the year 814 by decree issued Zanpu in the world: the first Tibetan history translation theory works - < essentials volume two statement.
The Banzhida and lotsawa this theory as the multitude, broad and profound golden laws and precious rules, the brother of outstanding national cultural classics translation into Tibetan, and gradually formed a remarkable Tibetan Encyclopedia: Tibetan Tripitaka. This is "depending on the translation theory.
Based on the historical materialism, making full use of a variety of different versions of the two essentials of < statement > volume of books, sporadic records, Tibetan and Chinese historical literature and Dunhuang through history, literature, translation theories knowledge and research methods, based on the research results of scholars at home and abroad, the thorough research of informative on the ancient Tibetan translation theory.
In this paper, the four chapters are used to study the ancient Tibetan translation theory.
The first chapter introduces in detail so far to preserve the integrity of the essentials volume two > < statement of different versions, and according to the integrity of the content is divided into: the complete version, version two incomplete sections. Which focuses on the rare two essentials volume two < statement > A, and copying records in detail.
The second chapter, an overview of Song Xan Gan Bbu to Zanpu of Tubo sadnalegs during the Tibetan social historical background, at the same time the Zanpu sutra translation activities as the main line, detailed studies the causes of ancient Tibetan translation theory "declaration form. Volume two essentials >
The third chapter, from eight aspects of the theoretical system of translation. First, starting from the origin of the title of the work, how to distinguish the first volume of the book mentioned, second volume limits proposed opinion. Two, combing the specific contents of the translation theories, especially the re interpretation to this academic Public opinions are divergent.. The ancient Tibetan vocabulary unable to agree on which is right ". In three, the Tubo Period translation team, the history of translation is studied. Four, according to the statement of essentials of two newly discovered manuscripts on this volume >, break the translation theory into the book's tradition, and concluded in a book. Four, through field research documents and methods combined with the translation theory to compile Wenjiang palace evolution history research.
The fourth chapter mainly discusses the problems of the translation theories are introduced. From three aspects: first, mainly studies the Tibetan history of the famous three lotsawa life track and valiant record for future generations. At the same time, the trial of three translation division Ren Dayi sequence presented humble opinion. Two, the original meaning appears from the Tubo Period "" and "" to explore the internal relations and differences between them, then the content resolution vocabulary extension is analyzed and proposed. On the three, of the three major Buddhist directory Directory > < LAN Directory > < Qin Pu GA Tubo Period compilation by Tang catalogue of in-depth detailed. Mainly discusses the three directory editors, time, location and other issues, and through the existing Directory > < < blue karma Directory > collate and beside the pond "Hampton Sutra catalogue, contributing that included the missing Directory > < Qin Pu part Classics.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西藏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H214

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