本文選題：目的表達(dá)　切入點(diǎn)：中日對(duì)照　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：日語(yǔ)將“目的”定義為行動(dòng)的目標(biāo),即想做(或者想成為)的事物。“目的”是構(gòu)成“目的表現(xiàn)”的要素。有生命的生物通過(guò)某種行為,實(shí)現(xiàn)期待的事情。這種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)被稱為目的表達(dá),它存在于每一種語(yǔ)言里。當(dāng)然在漢語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)中也大量存在。而且中日兩國(guó)語(yǔ)言界對(duì)目的表達(dá)也進(jìn)行著各種分析研究。 日語(yǔ)中的目的表達(dá)形式多種多樣,例如「ために」「ように」「しに」、文節(jié)「するといけいから」等。這些目的表達(dá)方式語(yǔ)意相近,不易辨別,增加了日語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的運(yùn)用難度。所以,關(guān)于目的表達(dá)的研究不僅在日本,在中國(guó)的日語(yǔ)學(xué)界也正在興起。 因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)與日語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別,所以目的表達(dá)的方式也明顯不同。漢語(yǔ)的目的表達(dá)主要通過(guò)「為了」「為」「為著」「以便」「以免」「免得」「省得」「以防」等關(guān)聯(lián)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)。 到目前為止,中日兩國(guó)的語(yǔ)言界對(duì)中日目的表達(dá)的研究取得了一定的成果,但對(duì)于目的表達(dá)的中日對(duì)照研究仍然少見(jiàn)。中國(guó)的日語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中經(jīng)常出錯(cuò),為了克服這些運(yùn)用中的錯(cuò)誤,首先要充分準(zhǔn)確理解中日目的表達(dá)的各自特征以及共通點(diǎn)。由此可見(jiàn)有必要對(duì)中日目的表達(dá)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。 因此,為了給學(xué)習(xí)者提供一個(gè)對(duì)比平臺(tái),同時(shí)填補(bǔ)中日目的表達(dá)對(duì)比研究的小空白,本文以對(duì)比研究的形式,從多方面對(duì)中日目的表達(dá)進(jìn)行分析,并探求兩者的異同點(diǎn)。 本文由三個(gè)部分組成。 第一章介紹本文的先行研究及問(wèn)題點(diǎn)、研究意義、研究方法、研究?jī)?nèi)容及本文的研究立場(chǎng)等。 第二章介紹目的表達(dá)的概念、特征等。根據(jù)目的表達(dá)表達(dá)目的是否直接,將目的表達(dá)分為“直接目的表達(dá)”“間接目的表達(dá)”,從主語(yǔ)特征,謂語(yǔ)特征,位置,語(yǔ)體,語(yǔ)氣的連用,目的性等方面進(jìn)行中日對(duì)比研究。在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)出兩種語(yǔ)言能夠相互對(duì)應(yīng)的部分。然后對(duì)進(jìn)行的調(diào)查研究進(jìn)行分析總結(jié),并對(duì)日語(yǔ)目的表達(dá)的教學(xué)提出建議。 第三章總結(jié)全文,闡述今后的課題。 總之,本文從意義、結(jié)構(gòu)多方面,對(duì)中日目的表達(dá)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,探求兩國(guó)目的表達(dá)的異同點(diǎn)。通過(guò)勾勒中日目的表達(dá)對(duì)比的系統(tǒng),填補(bǔ)目的表達(dá)的中日對(duì)照研究的小空白。
[Abstract]:The Japanese defines "purpose" as the goal of action, that is, what you want to do (or want to be). "purpose" is the element that constitutes the expression of purpose. This language expression is called teleological expression, which exists in every language. Of course, it also exists in Chinese and Japanese. There are a variety of forms of expression in Japanese, such as "to", "to", "to", "to", "to", and "to", and so on. The meaning of these purposes is similar and difficult to discern. Therefore, the research on the expression of purpose is emerging not only in Japan, but also in the field of Japanese language in China. Because the sentence structure of Chinese and Japanese is essentially different, Therefore, the way of purpose expression is also obviously different. The purpose expression in Chinese is mainly reflected by related words such as "for the sake", "for", "for", "for", "in order to avoid", and "avoid" and "save". Up to now, Chinese and Japanese language circles have made some achievements in the study of Chinese and Japanese target expression, but Sino-Japanese comparative study of purpose expression is still rare. Chinese Japanese learners often make mistakes in practical use. In order to overcome these mistakes, first of all, we should fully and accurately understand the characteristics and common points of the expression of purpose between China and Japan, which shows that it is necessary to make a comparative study of the expression of purpose between China and Japan. Therefore, in order to provide a comparative platform for learners and fill in the gap in the study of Sino-Japanese purpose expression, this paper, in the form of comparative study, analyzes the expression of Sino-Japanese purpose from many aspects, and explores the similarities and differences between the two. This paper consists of three parts. The first chapter introduces the advance research and problems, research significance, research methods, research content and research position of this paper. The second chapter introduces the concept and characteristics of the purpose expression. According to whether the purpose of the purpose expression is direct or not, the purpose expression is divided into "direct purpose expression" and "indirect purpose expression". On the basis of this, the author summarizes the parts of the two languages that can correspond to each other, and then analyzes and summarizes the investigation and studies carried out, and puts forward some suggestions on the teaching of Japanese purpose expression. The third chapter summarizes the full text, elaborates the future topic. In a word, this paper makes a contrastive study on the purpose expression between China and Japan from many aspects of meaning and structure, explores the similarities and differences between the two countries, and fills in the blank of the Sino-Japanese comparative study of the purpose expression by outlining the system of the comparison between the Chinese and Japanese purpose expression.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H36;H146

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