本文關(guān)鍵詞： “把”字句補語 各結(jié)構(gòu)類別 偏誤分析 編排順序　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文主要從“把”字句內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的角度,在總結(jié)前人對于“把”字句研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合對外漢語教學(xué),著重分析“把”字句的補語部分。希望通過分析不同等級階段對外漢語教材中的“把”字句的補語部分,以及針對漢語作為第二語言學(xué)習(xí)者的習(xí)得偏誤調(diào)查,來研究“把”字句補語的偏誤狀況及出現(xiàn)偏誤的原因,以此能給對外漢語教學(xué)和對外漢語教材的編寫提供一些建議。 本文通過借鑒前人對于“把”字句本體研究的成果,結(jié)合《漢語水平等級標準與語法等級大綱》,首先給對外漢語教學(xué)中“把”字句的補語部分做了界定,再從結(jié)構(gòu)和語法的角度將“把”字句的補語分為五大類：結(jié)果補語、趨向補語、數(shù)量補語、短語補語和“得”字補語。以這五類結(jié)構(gòu)為綱,通過分析不同等級的對外漢語教材中所涉及的606例“把”字句的補語結(jié)構(gòu)類型,總結(jié)出這五類補語結(jié)構(gòu)在教材中的分布比例,同時依據(jù)其比例制成不同等級的調(diào)查問卷,對國際文化交流學(xué)院初級、中級、高級班的留學(xué)生進行測試,從而對問卷形成的“把”字句補語部分的偏誤語料進行分析。 通過這些偏誤分析發(fā)現(xiàn),從“把”字句補語各結(jié)構(gòu)類別出現(xiàn)偏誤的角度來看,各結(jié)構(gòu)在初級、中級和高級階段的留學(xué)生中都存在偏誤,只不過每個階段出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)類型偏誤有所不同,有些結(jié)構(gòu)類別的偏誤率與留學(xué)生的漢語水平成反比,還有些結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)的偏誤在留學(xué)生習(xí)得過程中呈曲線變化；從留學(xué)生偏誤類型的角度來看,所出現(xiàn)的偏誤主要有：可能補語的錯用、語義指向的誤用、多種補語混合使用、趨向補語的錯用等。而這些偏誤多少會受留學(xué)生母語背景的影響,并且“把”字句補語不管是結(jié)構(gòu)還是語義,都有其復(fù)雜的特點,加之學(xué)生自身的學(xué)習(xí)機制若與教材的編排順序不符,就更容易出現(xiàn)上述偏誤。針對這些,本文主要從補語結(jié)構(gòu)、語義角度和教材編排角度,提出了一些教學(xué)策略,希望對留學(xué)生掌握“把”字句補語用法有所幫助。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the internal structure of the "Ba" sentence, this paper, on the basis of summarizing the previous researches on the "Ba" sentence, combines the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. This paper focuses on the complement part of Ba sentence. It is hoped that by analyzing the complement part of Ba sentence in teaching materials for TCFL at different levels, and by investigating the acquisition errors of Chinese as a second language learner, In order to provide some suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language and compiling textbooks for teaching Chinese as a foreign language, this paper studies the situation and causes of errors in complement of "Ba" sentence. By referring to the achievements of the previous researches on the Noumenon of "Ba" sentence, and combining with the outline of Chinese level and Grammar Grade, this paper first defines the complement part of "Ba" sentence in teaching Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL). Then, from the perspective of structure and grammar, the complement of the sentence is divided into five categories: the resultant complement, the directional complement, the quantitative complement, the phrase complement and the "de" complement. Based on the analysis of 606 cases of complement structure types of "Ba" sentence in different levels of teaching materials, the distribution ratio of these five kinds of complement structures in textbooks is summarized, and a questionnaire of different grades is made according to their proportions. The foreign students in the elementary, intermediate and advanced classes of the College of International Cultural Exchange were tested, and the errors in the complement part of the "Ba" sentence formed by the questionnaire were analyzed. Through the analysis of these errors, it is found that from the perspective of errors in each structure category of the complement of "Ba" sentence, there are errors in each structure among foreign students at the primary, intermediate and advanced stages. However, the error rate of some structural categories is inversely proportional to the level of Chinese language of the foreign students, and the errors of some structures vary in the process of acquisition by the foreign students. From the perspective of the types of errors of foreign students, the errors mainly include the misuse of possible complements, the misuse of semantic points, and the mixed use of many kinds of complements. These errors are somewhat influenced by the background of the foreign students' mother tongue, and the complements of "Ba" sentences, whether they are structural or semantic, have their own complex characteristics. In addition, if the students' own learning mechanism is not in accordance with the order of the textbook arrangement, the above errors are more likely to occur. In view of these, this paper mainly puts forward some teaching strategies from the perspective of complement structure, semantic angle and textbook arrangement. It is hoped that it will be helpful to foreign students to master the complement usage of "Ba" sentence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H195.3

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本文編號：1555541