本文關(guān)鍵詞： 年度新詞語 時空差異 共用詞 獨用詞 分布　出處：《北京語言大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來，大量新事物、新現(xiàn)象、新事件不斷涌現(xiàn)，并借助網(wǎng)絡(luò)和媒體的平臺得以迅速、廣泛地傳播，新詞語獲得了空前的發(fā)展。不同地域的年度新詞語受到不同語用條件的影響，因此，在使用和傳播的過程中具有一定的時空差異。本文主要以主流報紙為參照，利用語言監(jiān)測的方法對北上廣三地的年度新詞語進(jìn)行定量和定性分析。 本文共分為七章。第一章主要介紹了年度新詞語研究的背景、意義、內(nèi)容、方法和目標(biāo)，以及語料庫基礎(chǔ)和數(shù)據(jù)的獲取方法；第二章主要介紹了語言監(jiān)測研究的相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)；第三章分別對北上廣三地和京廣兩地的年度新詞語時空分布差異進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析；第四章主要從媒體傳播的角度探討了北上廣年度新詞語的傳播差異；第五章分別選取了同族詞使用差異、同義競爭差異以及詞義變化個案考察等三個方面，對年度新詞語的使用情況進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析；第六章主要從社會共變與創(chuàng)造新詞、潛顯理論與構(gòu)造新詞以及語用因素與詞語借用等三個方面對年度新詞語的產(chǎn)生方式進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析；第七章對本文研究進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 本文的結(jié)論主要有以下幾個方面： 第一，，從年度新詞語的時空分布差異上看，年度新詞語的時空分布主要受到語料規(guī)模的影響，語料規(guī)模越大，新詞語詞種的數(shù)量越大；另一方面，年度新詞語詞種的數(shù)量分布相對穩(wěn)定，主要表現(xiàn)為：共用新詞語的數(shù)量占絕對優(yōu)勢，部分共用新詞語和各地獨用新詞語的數(shù)量相對較小。 第二，從年度新詞語的傳播差異上看，一些反映社會重大事件、備受關(guān)注的社會問題、社會現(xiàn)象和新觀念的年度新詞語相對傳播程度較高。另外，高頻詞對傳播度影響非常明顯，表現(xiàn)為：在大多數(shù)的年度中，少量高頻詞的累加頻率均超過80%。 第三，從年度新詞語的使用差異上看，同族詞的使用是年度新詞語的重要特點，并呈現(xiàn)逐年上升的趨勢。同義競爭反映了年度新詞語動態(tài)發(fā)展的一種自我調(diào)節(jié)能力，一些簡潔、經(jīng)濟(jì)、便于傳播和記憶的新詞語往往更容易被社會接受。一些描述備受關(guān)注的重大事件、社會現(xiàn)象的新詞語更容易發(fā)生語域泛化和詞義泛化。 第四，從年度新詞語產(chǎn)生方式的差異上看，一方面，構(gòu)造新詞是年度新詞語產(chǎn)生的最主要方式，新復(fù)合詞和新派生詞占年度新詞語的比重最大。另一方面，年度新詞語的產(chǎn)生是語言從潛性到顯性的動態(tài)過程的一種體現(xiàn)，構(gòu)詞法為年度新詞語大量涌現(xiàn)提供了有利的條件，也是年度新詞語空前發(fā)展的直接動力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a large number of new things, new phenomena, new events have sprung up and spread rapidly and widely through the Internet and media platforms. New words have been developed in an unprecedented way. The annual neologisms in different regions are influenced by different pragmatic conditions, therefore, there are some spatio-temporal differences in the use and dissemination of neologisms. This paper mainly refers to mainstream newspapers. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the annual neologisms in the three places is carried out by using the method of language monitoring. This paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter introduces the background, significance, content, methods and objectives of the annual neologism research, as well as the corpus basis and data acquisition method. The second chapter mainly introduces the theoretical basis of language monitoring research. Chapter three makes a statistical analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution differences of annual neologisms in the three places of north China and Guangzhou and Beijing and Guangzhou respectively. Chapter 4th mainly discusses the communication difference of the new words of the year from the angle of media communication. Chapter 5th selects three aspects: the use difference of homonym, the competition difference of synonym and the case study of word meaning change. Chapter 6th makes a statistical analysis on the generation of annual neologisms from three aspects: social covariance and cocreation of new words, latent theory and construction of new words, pragmatic factors and word borrowing. Chapter 7th summarizes the research of this paper. The conclusions of this paper are as follows:. First, the temporal and spatial distribution of the annual neologisms is mainly influenced by the size of the corpus. The larger the size of the corpus, the greater the number of neologisms; on the other hand, The number distribution of annual neologisms is relatively stable, mainly as follows: the number of common neologisms is the absolute dominant, and the number of some common neologisms and local exclusive neologisms is relatively small. Second, from the point of view of the differences in the communication of the annual new words, some of the annual new words which reflect major social events, social issues of great concern, social phenomena and new ideas are relatively high. The influence of high-frequency words on the propagation is very obvious, which shows that in most years, the accumulative frequency of a few high-frequency words is more than 80%. Thirdly, from the point of view of the difference in the use of annual neologisms, the use of congeners is an important feature of the annual neologisms and presents a rising trend year by year. Synonymous competition reflects a self-regulating ability of the dynamic development of annual neologisms. Some new words, which are simple, economical, easy to spread and memorize, are more easily accepted by the society. On the one hand, the construction of new words is the most important way to produce new words of the year, and the proportion of new compound words and new new words is the largest. The generation of annual neologisms is a reflection of the dynamic process of language from latent to explicit. Word formation provides favorable conditions for the emergence of annual neologisms and is also the direct driving force for the unprecedented development of annual neologisms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京語言大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136

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