本文關(guān)鍵詞： 時(shí)間 空間 隱喻表征 書寫方向 語(yǔ)言相對(duì)論　出處：《江南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：時(shí)間的空間化表征被公認(rèn)為是人類認(rèn)知的普遍現(xiàn)象。然而，人們?yōu)闀r(shí)間建構(gòu)的具體空間模型可能會(huì)因語(yǔ)言文化的不同而不同。實(shí)證研究表明，時(shí)間表征與語(yǔ)言（如隱喻）和文化（如書寫/閱讀）經(jīng)歷密切相關(guān)。由于中英文在時(shí)間的隱喻表達(dá)上存在有趣的差異，有關(guān)中英文使用者時(shí)間表征的比較研究日益增多。在談?wù)摃r(shí)間時(shí)，中文使用者使用垂直隱喻的頻率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于英文使用者，所以本文推測(cè)：在思考時(shí)間時(shí)，中文使用者比英文使用者更有可能將之放在虛擬豎軸上。近年來(lái)的研究還有一個(gè)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)：書寫/閱讀方向或影響時(shí)間認(rèn)知。中英文的書寫方向都是由左及右，所以本文推測(cè)：在表征時(shí)間時(shí)，兩種語(yǔ)言的使用者都有可能把時(shí)間放在虛擬橫軸上由左及右排列。 本研究旨在檢驗(yàn)時(shí)間空間化表征的心理現(xiàn)實(shí)性，并考察時(shí)間認(rèn)知與語(yǔ)言隱喻和書寫/閱讀方向的關(guān)系。主要提出了以下兩個(gè)問(wèn)題：（1）在表征時(shí)間時(shí)，中文使用者是否比英文使用者更有可能將之放在虛擬豎軸上；（2）中英文使用者的心智中是否存在由左及右的時(shí)間表征。為了回答這些問(wèn)題，本文建構(gòu)了一個(gè)新的實(shí)驗(yàn)范式。在每次測(cè)試中，被試會(huì)看到電腦屏幕上依次呈現(xiàn)兩張圖片，他們的任務(wù)就是判斷第二張圖片描繪的時(shí)間點(diǎn)比第一張?jiān)邕�是晚。被試被要求通過(guò)單擊或雙擊指定的按鍵迅速準(zhǔn)確地作出判斷，反應(yīng)時(shí)間由電腦記錄并精確到毫秒。被試沒有被告知的是，測(cè)試中包含和他們的任務(wù)不相關(guān)但和實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康挠嘘P(guān)的干擾信息：第二張圖片的位置。第一張圖片始終出現(xiàn)在屏幕中央，而第二張會(huì)出現(xiàn)在第一張的上/下或左/右。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，當(dāng)早的時(shí)間點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在上方或下方時(shí)，中文使用者在第一種情況下的反應(yīng)更快；英文使用者在兩種情況下的反應(yīng)時(shí)間沒有差別。這就意味著在表征時(shí)間時(shí)，，只有中文使用者才將之放在虛擬豎軸上，此發(fā)現(xiàn)與語(yǔ)言隱喻中的規(guī)律相一致。當(dāng)早的時(shí)間點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在左側(cè)或右側(cè)時(shí)，中英文使用者都是在第一種情況下反應(yīng)更快，因此證明了時(shí)間表征存在由左及右的導(dǎo)向，這與兩種語(yǔ)言的書寫/閱讀方向一致。 結(jié)合前人的研究，這些結(jié)果表明了語(yǔ)言隱喻和書寫/閱讀方向?qū)r(shí)間認(rèn)知的影響。更重要的是，它們可以為時(shí)間表征以外的通用理論和主張?zhí)峁┳C據(jù)。譬如，該研究證明了隱喻思維的心理現(xiàn)實(shí)性。此外，研究結(jié)果還可以進(jìn)一步證明思維（至少在某些概念域）受語(yǔ)言的影響，但不依賴于語(yǔ)言。在實(shí)踐價(jià)值方面，該文指出了中英文使用者在時(shí)間認(rèn)知上的異同，有助于促進(jìn)跨文化交際并增進(jìn)相互理解。
[Abstract]:The spatial representation of time is recognized as a universal phenomenon of human cognition. However, the specific spatial models constructed by people for time may vary from language to culture. Time representation is closely related to language (such as metaphor) and cultural (such as writing / reading) experience. There are more and more comparative studies on the temporal representation of Chinese and English users. When talking about time, Chinese users use vertical metaphors much more frequently than English speakers. Chinese speakers are more likely than English speakers to put it on a virtual vertical axis. Another interesting finding in recent studies has been the writing / reading direction or the influence of time cognition. The writing directions of both Chinese and English are left and right. Therefore, it is speculated that in representing time, users of both languages may arrange their time on the virtual horizontal axis from left to right. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychological reality of temporal and spatial representation, and to examine the relationship between temporal cognition and language metaphor and writing / reading direction. Are Chinese users more likely than English speakers to put it on a virtual vertical axis?) is there a left and right temporal representation in the mind of both Chinese and English speakers. In order to answer these questions, In this paper, a new experimental paradigm was constructed. In each test, the subjects were shown two images on the computer screen in turn. Their task was to determine whether the second picture was painted earlier or later than the first. The subjects were asked to make a quick and accurate judgment by clicking or double-clicking the specified key. The reaction time was recorded by computer and was accurate to milliseconds. The test contains interfering information that is not relevant to their task but related to the purpose of the experiment: the location of the second picture. The first image always appears in the center of the screen. The second one appears on the top / bottom or left / right of the first one. The experimental results show that the Chinese users react more quickly in the first case when the early time points appear at the top or the bottom. There is no difference in the reaction time of English speakers in both cases. This means that when representing time, only Chinese users place it on the virtual vertical axis. This finding is consistent with the pattern in linguistic metaphors. When early time points appear on the left or right, both Chinese and English users react more quickly in the first case, thus proving that the time representation is guided by both left and right. This is consistent with the direction of writing / reading in both languages. Combined with previous studies, these results demonstrate the influence of linguistic metaphor and writing / reading direction on temporal cognition. More importantly, they can provide evidence for general theories and claims beyond temporal representation. For example, This study proves the psychological reality of metaphorical thinking. In addition, the results can further prove that thinking (at least in some conceptual domains) is influenced by language, but not dependent on language. This paper points out the similarities and differences between Chinese and English users in time cognition, which helps to promote cross-cultural communication and mutual understanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H315;H15

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉微;材料類型對(duì)計(jì)算障礙兒童數(shù)認(rèn)知的影響[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：1525883