本文關鍵詞：中英文言語流暢性任務的語言間差異的fNIRS研究　出處：《天津師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 中文 言語流暢性任務 近紅外腦功能成像技術(fNIRS) 左腦緣上回 重測信度

【摘要】：言語流暢性描述的是人們生成詞匯的效率,是表現(xiàn)人類認知能力的一種指標,言語流暢性測試主要用來評定人在規(guī)定的搜索規(guī)則中提取特定信息的能力,因此它可以測評人的記憶與執(zhí)行功能,它不僅應用于臨床領域,還廣泛用于科研和神經(jīng)心理測試。近紅外腦功能成像技術(Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy,簡稱fNIRS)的良好生態(tài)性和與任務要求的高契合度對言語流暢性的腦機制揭示是一種促進,而且在中文言語流暢性任務的近紅外研究中也取得了一些初步的成果。由于語言的正字法與語音差異可以造成言語流暢性任務的腦機制差異,漢語作為典型的意音文字,具有不同于其它拼音文字的獨特特點,我們推測這些特點也可能會反應到言語流暢性任務中去,因此漢語的流暢性任務可能有其獨特的神經(jīng)激活模式。所以本文擬通過語言間差異的角度,研究該任務在中文應用上的語言特異性神經(jīng)機制。 本論文包括以下兩個研究： 研究一目的是檢驗中文言語流暢性任務的fNIRS數(shù)據(jù)重測信度。研究分為兩個實驗,實驗一探測健康被試在中文言語流暢性任務中的腦激活模式,以17名右利手在校研究生作為被試,使用島津公司生產(chǎn)的LABNIRS功能近紅外腦成像儀。實驗采用被試內設計,要求被試完成中文音素流暢性任務和中文類別流暢性任務,任務順序隨機化,測量使用了44個通道探頭,區(qū)域為額顳區(qū),因變量為氧合血紅蛋白濃度(HbO),實驗任務由3個block組成,每個block持續(xù)為60s,其中30s為執(zhí)行任務,30s為休息。一周后進行實驗二,實驗一中的被試重新回到實驗室再次進行重復測驗以測量出該任務的重測信度,實驗任務同實驗一。結果發(fā)現(xiàn)中文類別流暢性任務與音素任務的信度指數(shù)均為0.74,類別任務中穩(wěn)定激活的腦區(qū)為左腦的中央前回、中央后回、額中回和右腦中的中央前回、中央后回。音素流暢性任務中穩(wěn)定激活的腦區(qū)為左腦的中央前回、中央后回、額中回、額下回、緣上回和右腦中的中央前回、中央后回。 研究二目的為探測中-英和英-中雙語被試在中英文言語流暢性任務上的腦激活模式差異。研究分為兩個實驗,實驗三為中-英被試在中英文音素流暢性任務與類別流暢性任務上的激活腦區(qū)模式探索。以20名右利手(男女各半)英語專業(yè) 在校研究生和大四學生作為被試,實驗設計同研究一,但材料增加了英文版本的音素和類別流暢性任務,四種任務隨機呈現(xiàn)給被試,實驗四為英-中被試在中英語音素流暢性任務與類別流暢性任務上激活腦區(qū)模式探索,并比較兩組被試分別在兩種語言下、兩種任務下的各自激活模式的不同,以找到有意義的語言特性差異腦區(qū)。以7名右利手以英語為母語的留學生作為被試,實驗設計同實驗三,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)左腦的緣上回可能是中文音素言語流暢性任務的語言特異性腦區(qū)。 在本研究條件下,得出以下結論： 1. fNIRS可用于中文言語流暢性任務的檢測,fNIRS數(shù)據(jù)在類別和音素任務上的重測信度較高。 2.左腦的緣上回可能是中文音素言語流暢性任務的語言特異性腦區(qū)。 3.中文類別流暢性任務中穩(wěn)定激活的腦區(qū)為左腦的中央前回、中央后回、額中回和右腦中的中央前回、中央后回。 4.中文音素流暢性任務中穩(wěn)定激活的腦區(qū)為左腦的中央前回、中央后回、額中回、額下回、緣上回和右腦中的中央前回、中央后回。
[Abstract]:Verbal fluency is described to generate efficiency of vocabulary, is a kind of performance index of human cognition ability, verbal fluency test is mainly used to assess extracting specific information within the prescribed search rules, so it can memory and executive function evaluation of people, it is not only used in the clinical field, is widely used in scientific research and neuropsychological tests. Functional near infrared imaging system (Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, referred to as fNIRS) the good ecological and task demands high fit on verbal fluency reveal the brain mechanism is a promotion, but also in the study of near infrared Chinese verbal fluency task also achieved some preliminary results. Due to differences in brain mechanisms of speech and orthographic differences in language can cause a verbal fluency task, as a typical Chinese logogram, which is different from other Chinese Pinyin The unique features of the word, we speculate that these characteristics may also be response to verbal fluency tasks, so Chinese fluency tasks may have its unique patterns of neural activation. So in this paper by the language of the difference between the angle of the research task in the Chinese application language specific neural mechanisms.
This paper includes the following two studies:
The research purpose is fNIRS data test Chinese verbal fluency task test-retest reliability. The research is divided into two experiments, experimental detection of healthy subjects in Chinese verbal fluency task in brain activation patterns in 17 right-handed graduate students as subjects, the use of SHIMADZU's LABNIRS production function in the infrared imaging instrument. The brain within subjects design, participants were asked to complete Chinese phonemic fluency task and Chinese category fluency task, task order randomization, measured using 44 channel probe, area of frontal and temporal region, the dependent variable is oxygenated haemoglobin concentration (HbO), consisting of 3 experimental tasks a block, each block for the 60s, where 30s is the 30s mission for the rest. After a week of experiment two, experiment the subjects returned to the lab again to repeat the test in order to measure the test-retest reliability of the task, the task with the real A test. The results show that the reliability index Chinese category fluency task and phoneme tasks were 0.74, brain activation in the stable category task as the left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and right precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus. Brain activation in stable phoneme fluency tasks as the left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus and the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus.
Objective to probe in the study of two - English and English - in bilingual subjects in English verbal fluency task patterns of brain activation differences. The research is divided into two experiments, experiment three in English subjects in the exploration of English phoneme fluency task and category fluency task on the activation patterns of brain regions. In 20 right-handed (half male and half female) for English Majors
Graduate students and senior subjects experimental design with a study, but the material added phoneme and category fluency task English version, four tasks were presented to subjects, experiment four subjects in English in fluency task and category fluency task on the activation patterns of English phonemes the brain area of exploration, and the two groups were compared respectively in two languages, two tasks under the respective activation mode, in order to find the area difference of brain language features significant. In 7 right-handed native English students as the subjects, experimental design with three experimental results. That left supramarginal gyrus may be Chinese phonemic verbal fluency task language specific brain regions.
Under the conditions of this study, the following conclusions are drawn:
1. fNIRS can be used to detect speech fluency tasks in Chinese, and the retest reliability of fNIRS data on class and phoneme tasks is higher.
2. the upper margin of the left brain may be the language specific brain region of the Chinese phoneme speech fluency task.
3. the stable activation of the brain area in the Chinese class fluency task is the anterior central gyrus of the left brain, the posterior central gyrus, the middle frontal gyrus and the anterior central gyrus in the right brain, and the posterior central gyrus.
4. in Chinese phonemic fluency task, the regions with stable activation are the anterior central gyrus of the left brain, the posterior central gyrus, the frontal middle gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the superior border gyrus and the central anterior gyrus of the right brain, and the central posterior gyrus.

【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H116;H311

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