【摘要】： 本文根據(jù)紅樓夢和它的楊憲益英譯本,考察了600句“在”字句和他們的相應(yīng)翻譯,及600句“in”字句和他們對應(yīng)的原文,試圖回答以下問題:1)“在”和“in“在紅樓夢的翻譯中究竟有多大的對應(yīng)度;2)兩者的意義,語法功能究竟有多大對應(yīng)度,它們的分歧主要體現(xiàn)在哪些地方,以及相應(yīng)的原因。 為了保持“在”句和“in”句數(shù)量上的對等,作者用掃描筆從每一章隨機(jī)掃描5個(gè)介詞“在“句及其相應(yīng)的翻譯,然后用同樣的方法掃描5個(gè)介詞”in“句及其相應(yīng)的原文;本文用這些材料作為語料庫。接著根據(jù)對比語言學(xué)的相關(guān)理論,系統(tǒng)地將二者的意義和語法功能分類,分析其中的異同并指出相應(yīng)的原因。 本文發(fā)現(xiàn)1)在中翻英過程中,介詞“在”字句并不是通常翻譯成英語介詞“in”字句,原因是英語的介詞系統(tǒng)要比漢語的細(xì)致,與漢語相比,英語介詞的語法化程度更高,也就更加缺少自身的意義;而漢語介詞絕大多數(shù)來源于動(dòng)詞,語法化程度不高,還保留了一些動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn),而且自身的意義也較英語介詞而言比較豐富,因此在翻譯過程中,二者的對應(yīng)度不是很高,“在”對“in”的對應(yīng)度是27.3%,而“in”對“在”是12.3%;2)在翻譯中,“在”對“in”的對應(yīng)度要比“in”對“在”大一些,因?yàn)椤霸凇弊謱τ⒄Z而言,其實(shí)是很多表示地點(diǎn)方位關(guān)系英語介詞的集合,與“in”相比,“在”表示地點(diǎn)方位的功能更強(qiáng)大;3)漢語介詞在表示地點(diǎn)方位時(shí)必須與地點(diǎn)方位詞聯(lián)合,而英語則不需要,英語單個(gè)介詞的功能和意義更加的單一,所以在翻譯中37%的“在”字句被翻譯英語除“in”之外的其他介詞,而“in”對“在”只有4.8%;4)漢語對介詞的依賴度遠(yuǎn)不及英語,就“在”字而言,它在原文中只出現(xiàn)了2641次,“in”在翻譯中的頻率7852次(Honglougmeng Parallel Corpus, http://score.crpp.nie.edu.sg/hlm/index.htm),原因是漢語是以動(dòng)詞為主導(dǎo)的,而英語是以名詞為主導(dǎo)的;5)由于同樣原因,“在”的語法功能較為單一,主要在句中作補(bǔ)語和狀語,分別占了36.2%和51.7%,而英語的“in”語法功能較為復(fù)雜,不像“在”那樣比較單一。
[Abstract]:Based on the English translation of Hong Lou Meng and his Yang Xianyi, this paper examines the 600-sentence "Zai" sentence and their corresponding translation, and the 600-sentence "in" sentence and their corresponding original text. This paper attempts to answer the following question: 1) what is the correspondence between "Zai" and "in" in the translation of the Dream of Red Mansions? (2) the meaning of the two questions, how much the grammatical functions correspond, what are the main differences between them, and the corresponding reasons. In order to maintain the equivalence in the number of "in" sentences and "in" sentences, the author uses a scanning pen to scan five prepositions and their corresponding translations from each chapter at random, and then scans the five prepositions "in" sentences and their corresponding original texts in the same way; These materials are used as a corpus in this paper. Then, according to the relative theories of contrastive linguistics, the meaning and grammatical function of the two are systematically classified, the similarities and differences are analyzed and the corresponding reasons are pointed out. 1) in the process of translation, the preposition "Zai" is not usually translated into English preposition "in", because the preposition system in English is more detailed than that in Chinese, and the grammaticalization of English preposition is higher than that in Chinese. The majority of prepositions in Chinese come from verbs, and the grammaticalization degree is not high, some of the features of verbs are retained, and their own meanings are more abundant than those of English prepositions, so in the translation process, The correspondence between the two is not very high. The correspondence between "in" and "in" is 27.33kyr for "in" and 12.3ky2 for "in".) in translation, the correspondence between "in" and "in" is larger than that of "in" because the word "Zu" is for English. In fact, it is a collection of many English prepositions that denote local-orientation relations. Compared with "in", the function of "location-orientation" is more powerful (3) Chinese prepositions must be combined with location-orientated words when expressing location-orientation, but English does not. The function and meaning of a single preposition in English is more unitary, so 37% of the "Zai" sentences are translated in English except for "in", while "in" has only 4.88% of the preposition in Chinese) Chinese is far less dependent on the preposition than in English. As far as the word "Zai" is concerned, it appears only 2641 times in the original text, and the frequency of "in" in translation is 7852 (Honglougmeng Parallel Corpus, http://score.crpp.nie.edu.sg/hlm/index.htm), because the Chinese language is dominated by verbs, and the English word is noun oriented. The grammatical function of "Zai" is relatively simple, mainly used as complement and adverbial in sentence, accounting for 36.2% and 51.7% respectively, while the grammatical function of "in" in English is more complicated than that of "Ze".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：H315.9;I046

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王敏;英語介詞教學(xué)認(rèn)知模式的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)性研究[D];安徽大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2258263