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論陌生化理論中的審美偏離及其限度

發(fā)布時間:2018-06-08 04:37

  本文選題:陌生化 + 審美偏離; 參考:《中國文學(xué)研究》2017年02期


【摘要】:陌生化手法以轉(zhuǎn)義表達(dá)突破本義表達(dá),主要是通過修辭手段制造話語形式上的偏離,使人們停留在對話語的審美感受中,這種形式上的審美偏離可以從語言層面、藝術(shù)規(guī)范層面的偏離以及文學(xué)對現(xiàn)實的背離三個方面來理解。在陌生化理論中,文學(xué)被看成一個統(tǒng)一體,所有的話語修辭形式都被網(wǎng)羅其中,審美偏離成了文學(xué)的自我評價和自我整合,文學(xué)因此不斷地給自己重新劃定疆界,為主流的形式貼上"過時"的標(biāo)簽,為某些被冷落的形式貼上"審美"的標(biāo)簽。似乎審美偏離在某種意義上陷入了"自反式循環(huán)",文學(xué)只是不斷地把某些主導(dǎo)要素"前推",背后有著穩(wěn)定的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)。必須超越這一語法主義的文學(xué)觀,把審美偏離看成是話語在具體語境下的轉(zhuǎn)義生成,因為"前推"過分強調(diào)了新舊形式的連續(xù)性和同一性,而忽視了話語修辭活動本身巨大的審美偏離力量:以對本義的背叛為榮,以對轉(zhuǎn)義的追求為樂。
[Abstract]:The defamiliarization technique breaks through the original meaning expression by the transfer of meaning, mainly through the rhetorical means to create the deviation of the discourse form, so that people stay in the aesthetic feeling of the discourse, and this kind of formal aesthetic deviation can be seen from the linguistic level. The deviation of artistic norms and the deviation of literature from reality are understood in three aspects. In the theory of strangeness, literature is regarded as a unity, and all the rhetorical forms of discourse are taken into account. The aesthetic deviation becomes the self-evaluation and self-integration of literature, so literature constantly redraws its boundaries. Label mainstream forms "outdated" and some neglected forms "aesthetic". It seems that aesthetic deviation is in a certain sense trapped in a "self-reflexive cycle", and literature is only constantly pushing forward some dominant elements, with a stable system structure behind it. It is necessary to transcend this grammatical literary view and regard aesthetic deviation as the syntactic generation of discourse in the specific context, because the "forward push" overemphasizes the continuity and identity of the old and new forms. It ignores the great aesthetic deviation of rhetoric itself: pride in betrayal of meaning and pleasure in pursuit of escape.
【作者單位】: 淮陰師范學(xué)院文學(xué)院;
【基金】:國家社科基金年度項目“審美視野中的轉(zhuǎn)義修辭研究”(13BZW007)的階段性成果
【分類號】:I01

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