本文選題：《干校六記》 + 風(fēng)格再現(xiàn)　； 參考：《上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《干校六記》是著名散文家楊絳在結(jié)束干校生活回京八年后,模仿清代文學(xué)家沈復(fù)的作品《浮生六記》撰寫(xiě)的一部回憶性散文集。作者沒(méi)有運(yùn)用辛辣的文字對(duì)文化大革命進(jìn)行歇斯底里的控訴,而是用樸實(shí)而不平凡的語(yǔ)言描述了運(yùn)動(dòng)中的生活瑣事,展現(xiàn)了夫妻之間相濡以沫之情,人與動(dòng)物之間的真摯友情和人性的堅(jiān)忍,讓讀者在字里行間感受運(yùn)動(dòng)的荒謬和對(duì)人性的摧殘。同時(shí),文中不乏幽默的描述、反諷和雙關(guān)等修辭手法和文化意象的運(yùn)用。再現(xiàn)原作的遣詞造句、文化意象、修辭手法和含蓄的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格對(duì)于譯者而言無(wú)疑是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。作品自出版后,澳大利亞學(xué)者白杰明、美國(guó)漢學(xué)家葛浩文和中國(guó)旅美翻譯家章楚都將其翻譯成英文。其中葛浩文與章楚都有多年翻譯經(jīng)驗(yàn),前者是從事文學(xué)翻譯多年的中國(guó)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)首席翻譯家,后者是從事公文翻譯多年的旅美聯(lián)合國(guó)譯者。由于兩者的翻譯能力存在差異,必然在再現(xiàn)原著風(fēng)格時(shí)也存在差別。就翻譯能力而言,國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者有著不同的闡釋,本文作者在德國(guó)學(xué)者紐伯特有關(guān)翻譯能力觀點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上提出翻譯能力由審美能力、主題能力、語(yǔ)言能力、文化能力、語(yǔ)篇能力和轉(zhuǎn)換能力組成,并結(jié)合原著特點(diǎn),從譯者在審美、主題、語(yǔ)言、文化、語(yǔ)篇、轉(zhuǎn)換層面的表現(xiàn)對(duì)其兩個(gè)譯本進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,意圖不在于判斷和衡量?jī)烧叻g能力的高低,而在于學(xué)習(xí)兩者在再現(xiàn)原著風(fēng)格的技巧與策略。通過(guò)對(duì)比研究,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然兩者都捕捉到原著風(fēng)格,熟悉主題背景,但是在再現(xiàn)原作語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格、處理文化意象和語(yǔ)篇銜接方面存在明顯差異。其中葛浩文的譯本語(yǔ)言更加貼近原作風(fēng)格,文化現(xiàn)象術(shù)語(yǔ)的處理體現(xiàn)了讀者意識(shí),語(yǔ)篇銜接更加緊密。由此可見(jiàn),譯者不僅要具備審美和獲取相關(guān)主題知識(shí)的能力,更要有讀者意識(shí),培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力,增強(qiáng)文化意識(shí)和語(yǔ)篇轉(zhuǎn)換能力,從而提高譯本可讀性。希望中國(guó)文學(xué)譯者和翻譯教學(xué)人員能從中受到啟發(fā),加強(qiáng)對(duì)譯者翻譯能力不同方面的培養(yǎng),從而對(duì)中國(guó)文學(xué)走向世界所有幫助。
[Abstract]:The six chapters of Gan School is a collection of reminiscent prose written by Yang Jiang, a famous essayist, eight years after his return to Beijing.Instead of making hysterical accusations of the Cultural Revolution with bitter words, the author uses plain and extraordinary language to describe the trivia of life in the movement, showing the love between husband and wife.The sincere friendship between human beings and animals and the tenacity of human nature make readers feel the absurdity of the movement and the destruction of human nature between the lines.At the same time, there is no lack of humorous description, irony and pun and other rhetorical devices and the use of cultural images.It is undoubtedly a great challenge for translators to reproduce the original words, cultural images, rhetorical devices and implicit writing styles.Since its publication, Australian scholar Benjamin, American sinologist William Geoffin and Chinese translator Zhang Chu have translated it into English.Among them, both GE Haowen and Zhang Chu have many years of translation experience. The former is the chief translator of modern and contemporary Chinese literature who has been engaged in literary translation for many years, and the latter is the United Nations translator who has been working in the United States for many years in the translation of official documents.Due to the differences in their translation abilities, there must be differences in the reproduction of the original style.In terms of translation competence, scholars at home and abroad have different interpretations. Based on the views of German scholar Neubert on translation competence, the author proposes that translation competence consists of aesthetic competence, thematic competence, linguistic competence and cultural competence.Combining with the characteristics of the original text, the author makes a contrastive study of the two versions from the aspects of aesthetics, theme, language, culture, discourse and transformation.The intention is not to judge and measure the translation ability of the two, but to learn the skills and strategies to reproduce the original style.Through a comparative study, the author finds that although both of them capture the original style and are familiar with the theme background, there are obvious differences in the reproduction of the original language style, the handling of the cultural image and the cohesion of the text.Among them, the translation language of Gehor is closer to the original style, and the handling of cultural phenomenon terms embodies the reader's consciousness and the cohesion of the text is closer.It can be seen that the translator should not only have the ability of aesthetic appreciation and acquisition of relevant subject knowledge, but also should have the awareness of readers, cultivate the ability to use language, enhance cultural awareness and the ability of text conversion, thus improving the readability of the translation.It is hoped that Chinese literary translators and translation teachers will be inspired to strengthen the cultivation of different aspects of translators' translation competence, thus helping Chinese literature to move towards the world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9;I046

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