本文關(guān)鍵詞： 江格爾 荷馬史詩(shī) 自然觀 文化模式　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 《江格爾》與荷馬史詩(shī)分別是中國(guó)和歐洲的兩部偉大史詩(shī)。本文主要通過(guò)對(duì)產(chǎn)生在蒙古族和希臘兩個(gè)不同文化區(qū)域內(nèi)的史詩(shī)進(jìn)行比較性分析,來(lái)探索史詩(shī)作為人類早期文本的特質(zhì),借此揭示蒙古和希臘兩個(gè)民族文學(xué)不同的審美走向。在跨文化的視野中,著重從兩部史詩(shī)所體現(xiàn)的自然觀的角度,解讀史詩(shī)所蘊(yùn)藏的文化差異和文化特質(zhì)。 正文主要從四個(gè)方面對(duì)論題進(jìn)行闡釋:(一)自然觀是指人們對(duì)自然界的總的看法。對(duì)宇宙的想象,便是人類最初對(duì)自然的認(rèn)識(shí)。《江格爾》與荷馬史詩(shī)雖然在形成時(shí)間上有較大差距,但其賴以產(chǎn)生的時(shí)代特征、社會(huì)環(huán)境等歷史條件都有很多共同點(diǎn),它們所反映的價(jià)值觀念與審美意識(shí)也有不少相似之處,尤其是在宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)觀念方面表現(xiàn)出很大程度的共同性。在兩部史詩(shī)的世界里,宇宙分為上中下三界,三界之間相互關(guān)聯(lián)�！督駹枴泛秃神R史詩(shī)在試圖描述本部族歷史的時(shí)候,都把這種上、中、下三界的宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)觀念融合其中,讓我們看到了東西方不同地域、不同年代的民族極為相似的宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)觀,從中透視出他們?cè)谏钣^念及思維方式上的相似之處。(二)在兩部史詩(shī)中,動(dòng)物形象非常之多也非常耀眼:野獸、家畜、飛鳥(niǎo)、昆蟲(chóng)等等。各種各樣、形形色色的動(dòng)物形象充斥在史詩(shī)的每一個(gè)角落�！督駹枴分凶髡唢栒荷钋榈臐饽惆l(fā)了蒙古人對(duì)馬真摯而又深刻的感情。荷馬史詩(shī)在描寫(xiě)動(dòng)物時(shí)用得最多的手法便是明喻。喻體都是動(dòng)物,而且是與人類的生活和活動(dòng)密切相關(guān)的,本體則有殘酷的生存、血腥的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、人的尊嚴(yán)與偉大、生的榮耀、死的悲壯等等。通過(guò)這種手法表現(xiàn)出了古代希臘人渴望和向往人與自然的和諧與美好。(三)兩部史詩(shī)中還有大量自然環(huán)境的描寫(xiě)。兩個(gè)民族雖所處的時(shí)代與地域不同,但他們與大海、雪山、草地、曠野、戈壁為伴,和睦相處,與自然界構(gòu)成了一幅豪邁、雄渾、壯闊、崇高的氣勢(shì),而這種磅礴氣勢(shì)又培育了蒙古族與希臘人民寬闊的胸懷和豪爽的氣質(zhì)。在他們看來(lái),高山是神圣的、崇高的,草地曠野是神明的圣地,海洋是萬(wàn)物生命的源泉,這一切都成為兩個(gè)民族所崇拜和歌頌的對(duì)象。自然的崇高和神圣,也就具有了社會(huì)意義,寄托著人們所追求的那種道德的崇高。(四)造成兩部史詩(shī)自然觀的不同有很多原因,最重要的是其民族精神內(nèi)涵的不同。這種民族精神乃至民族靈魂所折射出來(lái)的文化模式也是不盡相同的。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分進(jìn)行總結(jié)性概括,并進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明對(duì)分屬不同的文化區(qū)域內(nèi)的史詩(shī)作品進(jìn)行比較性的研究,不僅有助于揭示古代人類思想觀念的演變軌跡和各民族文化內(nèi)在精神的形成歷程,而且也能夠?yàn)橄萑肜硇耘c文明危機(jī)的現(xiàn)代人提供精神治療和文化拯救的可能。
[Abstract]:< > Janggar and Homer are the two great epics Chinese and Europe. This paper mainly through the comparative analysis of the Mongolian and Greek two different culture in the region to explore the epic, epic as early human text characteristics, to reveal Mongolia and Greece in two different ethnic literature aesthetic go. In a cross cultural perspective, mainly reflected from the two epic natural view, which interpret epic cultural differences and cultural traits.
The text mainly from the four aspects of interpretation on the topic: (a) natural view refers to the general view of the nature of the universe. The imagination is the first human understanding of nature. Jangar > and Homa epic although there is a large gap in formation time, but its historical characteristics which created the society the environment and historical conditions have much in common, values and aesthetic consciousness reflected by them also have many similarities, especially show common largely in the structure of the universe concept. In the two epic world, the universe is divided into three, three between Jangar > and interrelated. Homa's trying to describe this tribal history, all this, in the structure of the universe under the concept of three of the integration of them, let us see something different in different ethnic regions, very similar structure in the view of the universe From the perspective, their life concept and the way of thinking of the similarities in. (two) in the two epic poems, the image of the animal is very much also very bright: wild animals, livestock, birds, insects and so on. All kinds of animal images, of every hue filled in every corner of the epic Jangar >. The author makes magic of loving to express the sincere and profound of Mongolian horse feelings. Homer in the description of the animal when the most used technique is a simile. Metaphor is the animal, and is closely related to human life and activities, is a cruel living body, bloody war, man with great dignity, the glory, the tragic death and so on. Through this technique to show the ancient Greeks desire and longing of man and the harmony and beauty of nature. (three) there are a lot of natural environment description in two epics. Two although the age and ethnic In different regions, but they and the sea, mountains, grassland, desert, Gobi and live together in peace together with nature, form a heroic, magnificent, magnificent, majestic momentum, and this majestic momentum and cultivation of Mongolian and Greek people broad-minded and generous temperament. In their opinion, the mountain is sacred that noble, grassland wilderness is God's holy land, sea is the source of all life, all these have become the two nation worship and praise. Natural lofty and sacred, also is the social significance, entrusted with the people to pursue the kind of moral lofty. (four) caused by the two epic the different view of nature for many reasons, the most important is the connotation of national spirit. This is reflected in different ethnic and national spirit of the soul culture mode is not the same.
The conclusion part makes a summary, and further study comparing cultural area of different in the epic, the forming process has not only help to reveal the evolution of the ancient concept of human thought and the culture of inner spirit, but also can provide spiritual and cultural treatment may save for the modern people into rational with the civilization crisis.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：I106;I0-03

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本文編號(hào)：1526717