本文關(guān)鍵詞： 權(quán)力話語理論 翻譯策略 改寫 駱駝祥子　出處：《中南大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：法國后結(jié)構(gòu)主義家米歇爾·福柯首次將“權(quán)力”和“話語”結(jié)合起來,提出了權(quán)力話語理論。在權(quán)力話語理論中,“權(quán)力”指一切的控制力和支配力,其中有形的如政府機(jī)構(gòu)法律條文,也有無形的如意識(shí)形態(tài)、道德倫理、文化傳統(tǒng)、宗教美學(xué)及價(jià)值觀念等等�！霸捳Z”這一術(shù)語在�？履抢锊皇侵刚Z言學(xué)和文藝學(xué)中的話語概念,而是“權(quán)力”的表現(xiàn)形式,即所有的權(quán)力都是通過話語來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,話語是施展權(quán)力的工具和關(guān)鍵。權(quán)力無處不在,世界上不存在一種不受權(quán)力限制的話語。同時(shí)�？抡J(rèn)為,人文科學(xué)是一種權(quán)力和知識(shí)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,它只能是某一時(shí)期的人文科學(xué),是這一時(shí)期權(quán)力話語控制下的產(chǎn)物。眾多的人文學(xué)科從根本上就有一種對(duì)“權(quán)力的屈服”。翻譯活動(dòng)也不例外,它也是一定時(shí)期權(quán)力話語控制作用下的產(chǎn)物,或多或少地屈服于“權(quán)力”,受到權(quán)力話語的影響。因此,翻譯研究也絕不可以只局限于作者、文本、譯者之間的探討,也應(yīng)考慮權(quán)力話語對(duì)它的制約。權(quán)力話語理論給翻譯研究帶來了一場(chǎng)深刻的思想革命,轉(zhuǎn)變了傳統(tǒng)的翻譯觀,擴(kuò)展了翻譯研究的視野,為翻譯研究提供了新的視角和新的思路。 《駱駝祥子》是老舍的代表作。它以北平(今北京)一個(gè)人力車夫祥子的行蹤為線索,以二十年代末期的北京市民生活為背景,以人力車夫祥子的坎坷、悲慘的生活遭遇為主要情節(jié),深刻揭露了舊中國的黑暗,控訴了統(tǒng)治階級(jí)對(duì)勞動(dòng)者的剝削、壓迫,表達(dá)了作者對(duì)勞動(dòng)人民的深切同情。小說取得了巨大成功,不同的譯本迄今為止多達(dá)三十八種。 本文以《駱駝祥子》的兩個(gè)英譯本為例,來闡述權(quán)力話語理論對(duì)翻譯的影響。一個(gè)為1945年出版的美國譯者伊萬·金翻譯的Rickshaw Boy,另一個(gè)為1981年出版的中國譯者施曉菁所譯的Camel Xiangzi。兩個(gè)譯本產(chǎn)生于不同的背景之中,受到不同國家和時(shí)代的意識(shí)形態(tài)和歷史文化等權(quán)力話語的影響,因此,它們?cè)谶x材以及翻譯策略上也呈現(xiàn)出很大的差別。本文通過分析這兩個(gè)譯本對(duì)原文的改寫,來闡述在不同的歷史背景和意識(shí)形態(tài)等的權(quán)力話語對(duì)翻譯活動(dòng)的制約和影響。 翻譯活動(dòng)并不是發(fā)生在“真空”之中,而是受到意識(shí)形態(tài)、文化傳統(tǒng)等各種各樣的權(quán)力的制約。翻譯與其說是一種語言交際活動(dòng),不如說是一種在兩種不同的權(quán)力話語(原語話語與譯語話語)制約下的對(duì)話與交流。在對(duì)譯作做出評(píng)價(jià)時(shí),與原文的接近程度不再是唯一的或最高的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。譯者為適應(yīng)譯入語社會(huì)的需要甚至為服務(wù)于特定目的而做出的種種調(diào)整具有了合法地位。可以說,權(quán)力話語理論在賜予譯者新的翻譯觀的同時(shí),也無時(shí)不刻不在各方面影響著譯者的翻譯策略。
[Abstract]:Michel Foucault, the French post-structuralist, first combined "power" with "discourse" and put forward the theory of power discourse. In power discourse theory, "power" refers to the control and domination of everything. Among them the tangible such as government agencies legal provisions, but also intangible such as ideology, moral ethics, cultural traditions. The term "discourse" in Foucault does not refer to the concept of discourse in linguistics and literature and art, but rather to the expression of "power". That is, all power is realized through discourse, discourse is the tool and key to exercise power. Power is everywhere, and there is no such discourse in the world that is not limited by power. Meanwhile, Foucault thinks. Humanities is a combination of power and knowledge, it can only be a certain period of humanities. It is the product of power discourse control in this period. There is a kind of "surrender to power" in many humanities disciplines. Translation is no exception, and it is also the product of power discourse control in a certain period of time. Therefore, translation studies should not be confined to the discussion between the author, the text and the translator. The theory of power discourse has brought about a profound ideological revolution in translation studies, transformed the traditional translation view and expanded the perspective of translation studies. It provides a new perspective and a new way of thinking for translation studies. Camel Locke is Lao She's masterpiece. It takes the whereabouts of a rickshaw driver Xiangzi in Peiping (now Beijing) as a clue, takes the life of Beijing residents in the end of 20s as the background, and takes Xiangzi, a rickshaw rickshaw driver, as a rough road. The tragic life experience as the main plot, deeply exposed the darkness of old China, accused the ruling class of exploitation and oppression of workers, expressed the author's deep sympathy for the working people. The novel has achieved great success. There are up to 38 different translations so far. This paper takes two English versions of Xiangzi Locke as an example to illustrate the influence of power discourse theory on translation. An American translator, Rickshaw Boy, was published in 1945. The other is translated by Chinese translator Shi Xiaojing in 1981. The two versions are produced in different backgrounds. Influenced by the power discourse of ideology and historical culture of different countries and times. They also show great differences in material selection and translation strategies. This paper analyzes the rewriting of the two versions of the original text. To illustrate the influence of power discourse on translation in different historical backgrounds and ideologies. Translation activities do not occur in a vacuum, but are restricted by ideology, cultural traditions and other rights. Translation is not so much a communicative activity as a language. Rather, it is a kind of dialogue and communication under the constraints of two different power discourse (the source language discourse and the target language utterance). The degree of proximity to the original is no longer the only or the highest measure. The translator has a legal position to adapt to the needs of the target society and even to serve a specific purpose. The theory of power discourse not only gives translators a new view of translation, but also influences the translator's translation strategies in all aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9;I046

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