本文選題：西方女性主義文學(xué)批評 + 雙性同體��； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： “雙性同體”是女性主義批評的一個重要概念。本文以西方女性主義文學(xué)批評的“雙性同體”觀為主要分析對象，試圖通過梳理各文本中的“雙性同體”概念，深入考察西方女性主義文學(xué)批評“雙性同體”觀的衍變。從而在后現(xiàn)代語境下，對西方女性主義的“雙性同體”理論及相關(guān)的性別氣質(zhì)問題，有一個較系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識。 “雙性同體”又稱“雌雄同體”、“兩性同體”、“兩性共體”。作為女性主義理論中有關(guān)性別氣質(zhì)的重要概念，它在英文版本中主要涉及androgyny和bisexuality。本文首先從詞源學(xué)、神話傳說、心理學(xué)哲學(xué)分析，雙性同體androgyny由希臘詞根andro(男性)gyny(女性)構(gòu)成，在希臘語中andros是男，gyne是女。而用于西方女性主義文學(xué)批評領(lǐng)域的“雙性同體”這一概念，或指一種大腦不分性別的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作狀態(tài)及批評標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(androgyny)，或被用來專指婦女獨(dú)特的創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格(bisexuality)，，定義頗多卻又有著相同的前提。然而“雙性”在理論爭論中成為了一種雙方都可利用的工具。卡羅琳·海爾布倫(CarolynHeilbrun)在《邁向男女雙性的認(rèn)識》中認(rèn)為，人類應(yīng)該走向沒有社會性別角色模式的社會，人可以自由選擇自己的行為規(guī)范。“雙性同體”正是這一發(fā)展過程中不可忽視的重要理論。本文介紹了英國女作家、“意識流”小說的代表人物之一——弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫(Viginia Woolf)的雙性同體觀。她從男女平等思想出發(fā)，最先將雙性同體(androgyny)這一概念用于文學(xué)創(chuàng)作及批評領(lǐng)域，在《一間自己的屋子》(1929)中指稱一種最佳的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作狀態(tài)和批評標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在伍爾夫看來，婦女作家要冒險殺死房間里的天使并真實傾訴自己的體驗。然而伍爾夫所說的“雙性同體”并非是“無性”。莎士比亞、濟(jì)茨、施特恩、考波、蘭姆、哥勒瑞治、普魯斯特，在伍爾夫看來都具有“雙性同體”的創(chuàng)作頭腦。其同時期作品《奧蘭多》中所孕育的思想也并非僅是一個創(chuàng)作上的玩笑。但肖瓦爾特敏銳觀察到伍爾夫所使用的his這一代詞，更加確信伍爾夫的“雙性同體”只不過是烏托邦式的幻想。在莫依看來，要像肖瓦爾特那樣閱讀《一間自己的屋子》而不受所讀文本中敘述技巧的影響，如同沒有閱讀一樣，根本不能夠領(lǐng)會到文本所傳達(dá)的真諦。相反，伍爾夫的雙性同體觀是女性主義對父權(quán)社會性別二元對立的偉大解構(gòu)，具有革命性意義。雖然伍爾夫在《一間自己的屋子》中聲稱，她從柯勒律治那里借鑒來了雙性同體(androgyny)思想，但實際上弗洛伊德在二十世紀(jì)初葉從生理、心理的角度就提出過有關(guān)雙性同體(bisexuality)的理論觀點(diǎn)。而弗洛伊德的雙性同體觀恰是法國女性主義批判的理論對象。波伏娃在《第二性》中認(rèn)為，雙性同體不具備個體的多樣性。而西蘇針對傳統(tǒng)的雙性同體(bisexuality)提出了“另一種雙性同體”(other bisexuality)。此雙性同體(bisexuality)不同于古老的男女雙性結(jié)合(androgyny)，在詞語構(gòu)成上即表現(xiàn)出社會性別特征的多樣性。實際上不論是伍爾夫引入文學(xué)批評領(lǐng)域的雙性同體(androgyny)，還是西蘇所提倡的另一種雙性同體(other bisexuality)，都是對于西方父權(quán)社會性別二元對立觀念的批判。而雙性同體也逐漸在文化領(lǐng)域成為解構(gòu)性別二元對立觀念、倡導(dǎo)個體多元化的一種完善人格的象征。
[Abstract]:"Androgyny" is an important concept of feminist criticism. This article is based on the "androgyny" view of Western feminist literary criticism, trying to examine the "androgyny" concept in various texts and to examine the evolution of the "androgyny" view of Western feminist literary criticism. Under the circumstances, we have a systematic understanding of the androgyny theory and related gender issues of western feminism.
Androgyny is also called "androgyny", "androgyny" and "sexism". As an important concept of gender temperament in the feminist theory, it is mainly involved in the English version of androgyny and bisexuality., first from etymology, mythology, psychosocial analysis, androgyny androgyny by the Greek root Andr O (male) gyny (female) composition, in Greek language Andros is male, gyne is female. And the concept of "androgyny" in the field of Western feminist literary criticism, or a literary creation state and critical standard of the brain (androgyny), or used to refer to the unique creative style of women (bisexuality), a lot of definition but There is the same premise. However, "double sex" has become a tool for both sides to be used in the theoretical debate. Caroline Heilbrun (CarolynHeilbrun), in the cognition of double sex to men and women, believes that human beings should go to society without social gender role model, and people can freely choose their own behavior norms. "Double sex is the same. It is an important theory that can not be ignored in the process of development. This article introduces a British woman writer, one of the representative figures of the novel of "stream of consciousness", Virginia Woolf (Viginia Woolf), which begins with the idea of equality between men and women and first applies the concept of Androgyny to literary creation and criticism. In the "one's own house > (1929)", it is referred to as the best state of literary creation and the standard of criticism. In Woolf's view, women writers have to take risks to kill the angels in the room and tell their own experience. However, Woolf's "androgyny" is not "sexless". Shakespeare, Stern, Kao Po, lamb Columbia, Proust, and Proust, all with Woolf's "androgyny" creative mind. His contemporaneous works < Orlando > is not only a creative joke. But Showalter is keen to observe the pronoun of the his used by Woolf, more convinced that Woolf is only "androgyny" only The utopian fantasy. In Moy's view, to read "one's own house" like Showalter and not to be influenced by the narrative techniques in the text read, as without reading, it is impossible to comprehend the true meaning of the text. On the contrary, the androgyny of Woolf is the two dollar opposition of Feminism to the patriarchal gender. The great deconstruction is revolutionary. Although Woolf claims in his own house that she learned androgyny thought from Coleridge, Freud had put forward the theory of the theory of Androgyny (bisexuality) from the physiological and psychological point of view in the early twentieth Century, and Freud's double. The concept of androgyny is exactly the theoretical object of the criticism of French feminism. In < second sex >, Beauvior believes that androgyny does not have individual diversity. The Western Soviet Union proposed "other bisexuality" for the traditional androgyny (bisexuality). The androgyny (bisexuality) is different from the old male and female bisexual knot. Androgyny, in terms of the composition of words, shows the diversity of gender characteristics. In fact, whether it is Woolf's androgyny (androgyny) introduced into the field of literary criticism or the other type of Androgyny (other bisexuality) advocated by Western Soviet Union, it is a critique of the gender two opposition concept of the western patriarchal society. It has gradually become a symbol of perfect personality in the field of culture to deconstruct the concept of two opposite sexes and advocate individual pluralism.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：I06

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 白楊;酷兒理論研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2012年

2 竇冰;雙性同體理論視野中的性別詩學(xué)[D];山東師范大學(xué);2009年

3 付娜;鳳凰之美：女性主義視角下的梅·薩藤[D];北京語言大學(xué);2008年

4 許燁;大學(xué)生性別意識現(xiàn)狀及教育反思[D];湖南大學(xué);2010年

本文編號：1882159