本文選題：鄉(xiāng)村　切入點(diǎn)：城市　出處：《文藝?yán)碚撗芯俊?012年04期

【摘要】：作為兩種重要的人類生存生活空間,"鄉(xiāng)村"和"城市"及其所承載的生活是文學(xué)表征的經(jīng)典主題。一方面,由于代表著自然的生活,被描繪得美輪美奐的鄉(xiāng)村往往被文人墨客寄托了無限情思;另一方面,由于其變動不居、世俗乃至腐化,在文學(xué)作品中,城市經(jīng)常被描繪為污濁不堪而遭人鄙薄。然而,在"鄉(xiāng)村"和"城市"及其各自所代表的生活方式被認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然時,這些文學(xué)表征背后所藏匿的意識形態(tài)也就往往被忽略。在《鄉(xiāng)村與城市》中,著名批評家雷蒙·威廉斯對文學(xué)作品中的城鄉(xiāng)意象、城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系、各自的變遷以及全球化時代的城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu)等主題進(jìn)行了深入考察,從而揭示出這些文學(xué)呈現(xiàn)不過是各種精致的剝削和壓迫關(guān)系的表達(dá)和不斷翻新,虛假的城鄉(xiāng)形象及二元關(guān)系在不斷粉飾剝削的現(xiàn)實(shí)和人們的深重苦難。晚近"鄉(xiāng)村"和"城市"的疏離,威廉斯指出資本主義制度才是罪魁禍?zhǔn)�。在本文看�?威廉斯對有關(guān)"鄉(xiāng)村"和"城市"的文學(xué)慣例的建構(gòu)性的論述,這實(shí)質(zhì)上和薩伊德所論述的"對位閱讀"有異曲同工之妙。以威廉斯的批評方法為中心,本文不僅試圖對這一方法在解讀和揭示文學(xué)表征的意識形態(tài)內(nèi)涵和政治功能的獨(dú)特有效性進(jìn)行研究,同時還對其在當(dāng)下的重要理論意義進(jìn)行了論述。
[Abstract]:As two important living spaces of human beings, "country" and "city" and the life they carry are the classical themes of literary representation.On the one hand, because it represents the life of nature, the beautiful countryside is often entrusted with infinite feelings by the literati; on the other hand, because of its changes, secular and even corruption, in literary works,Cities are often portrayed as filthy and despicable.However, when "country" and "city" and their respective ways of life are taken for granted, the ideology hidden behind these literary representations is often ignored.In Rural and Urban, the famous critic Raymond Williams makes an in-depth study of the urban and rural images, the relationship between urban and rural areas, their changes and the urban-rural structure in the era of globalization.Thus it is revealed that these literary representations are merely expressions and innovations of various delicate relations of exploitation and oppression, and the false image of urban and rural areas and the dualistic relationship are constantly whitewashing the reality of exploitation and the deep suffering of people.In the recent alienation of the countryside and the cities, Williams pointed out that capitalism was the culprit.In this paper, Williams' construction of literary conventions about "country" and "city" is, in essence, similar to that of "opposite reading" discussed by Saeed.Centered on Williams' critical method, this paper not only attempts to study the unique validity of this method in interpreting and revealing the ideological connotation and political function of literary representation.At the same time, it also discusses its important theoretical significance in the present.
【作者單位】： 浙江理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院;上海交通大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部人文社會科學(xué)研究青年基金項(xiàng)目“雷蒙·威廉斯:文化研究與‘希望的資源’”[項(xiàng)目編號:12YJC752011]的階段性成果 杭州市哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)規(guī)劃課題[項(xiàng)目編號:C11WX11] 浙江理工大學(xué)科研啟動基金[項(xiàng)目編號:114229A4Y10828]資助
【分類號】：I0

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