發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-26 22:14

  本文選題：身份　切入點(diǎn)：拉克勞　出處：《北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本課題主要集中在兩個(gè)方面。一是拉克勞理論中的“身份”問(wèn)題。以往對(duì)拉克勞的研究主要集中在兩個(gè)焦點(diǎn),首先是其“話語(yǔ)理論”,國(guó)外論述較多;其次是他的“后馬克思主義”及其與馬克思主義之間的關(guān)系,這是國(guó)內(nèi)研究的重點(diǎn);但尚未有人對(duì)其“身份”理論進(jìn)行過(guò)系統(tǒng)的研究。拉克勞的“話語(yǔ)理論”可以完整描述身份在當(dāng)代社會(huì)的形成過(guò)程,身份問(wèn)題又在他的政治學(xué)說(shuō)中占有核心位置,因此有必要進(jìn)行認(rèn)真的梳理和研究。第二是把英國(guó)文化研究當(dāng)作拉克勞理論的主要來(lái)源和參照體系。文化研究史方面的著作大都有意無(wú)意地將拉克勞的影響排除在外;而對(duì)拉克勞的研究則集中在他與現(xiàn)象學(xué)、后分析哲學(xué)、語(yǔ)言學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)主義、后結(jié)構(gòu)主義的關(guān)系,而忽視了如下事實(shí):拉克勞在很大程度上是在英國(guó)文化研究基礎(chǔ)上接受這些影響的。 本文的四個(gè)部分是圍繞著拉克勞的話語(yǔ)理論而設(shè)定的一個(gè)整體,目的是完整描述“身份”在當(dāng)代社會(huì)話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中形成的過(guò)程。第1章是論述身份產(chǎn)生的場(chǎng)所與機(jī)制,即話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。在對(duì)基本概念如話語(yǔ)、結(jié)構(gòu)、主體進(jìn)行解釋以后,重點(diǎn)是說(shuō)明主體是如何被在話語(yǔ)中構(gòu)建的,又通過(guò)何種機(jī)制而在結(jié)構(gòu)中占據(jù)一個(gè)位置。第2章是話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的錯(cuò)位與對(duì)抗,它們是身份在話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中產(chǎn)生的前提條件。錯(cuò)位和對(duì)抗是用來(lái)說(shuō)明結(jié)構(gòu)之不完滿性的術(shù)語(yǔ)。封閉的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)不可能產(chǎn)生任何身份,沒(méi)有錯(cuò)位和對(duì)抗,身份就沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生的空間。第3章鏈接、節(jié)點(diǎn)與空洞的能指是身份形成的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),身份從本質(zhì)上講是鏈接(articulation)性的,完全封閉和完全不穩(wěn)定的結(jié)構(gòu)都沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生身份的能力。只有在不穩(wěn)定的話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi),通過(guò)鏈接形成節(jié)點(diǎn)或空洞的能指,使結(jié)構(gòu)暫時(shí)穩(wěn)定,相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的身份也會(huì)產(chǎn)生。第4章霸權(quán)、意識(shí)形態(tài)與表征是身份形成過(guò)程中所依據(jù)的重要法則。霸權(quán)具有形上的地位,話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的任何運(yùn)作都是以霸權(quán)方式進(jìn)行的。意識(shí)形態(tài)概念實(shí)際上已不是阿爾都塞式的意識(shí)形態(tài),這里用這個(gè)概念只是說(shuō)明話語(yǔ)把個(gè)體傳喚成“主體”的過(guò)程。霸權(quán)通過(guò)表征而顯現(xiàn),表征和權(quán)力又不可分割。這一章的目的是在前幾章的研究基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)身份運(yùn)行機(jī)制的總體說(shuō)明。在這些論述中,為了更準(zhǔn)確地解釋拉克勞所使用的關(guān)鍵概念和理論系統(tǒng),英國(guó)文化研究始終在場(chǎng)。
[Abstract]:This subject is mainly focused on two aspects. One is the problem of "identity" in LaCrowe's theory. In the past, the research on Raglau has mainly focused on two focal points, first of all, its "discourse theory", which has been discussed more abroad; Secondly, his "post-Marxism" and its relationship with Marxism, which is the focus of domestic research; However, no one has done any systematic research on his theory of identity. LaCrowe's Theory of discourse can describe the formation process of identity in contemporary society, and the issue of identity plays a central role in his political theory. Therefore, it is necessary to make a careful combing and research. The second is to regard the British cultural study as the main source and reference system of Laclau's theory. However, the study of Laclau focuses on his relationship with phenomenology, post-analytical philosophy, linguistics, structuralism and post-structuralism. It ignores the fact that LaCrowe accepted these influences to a large extent on the basis of British cultural studies. The four parts of this paper are a whole set around Raglau's discourse theory, the purpose of which is to describe the process of the formation of identity in the discourse structure of contemporary society. Chapter 1 discusses the place and mechanism of identity. After explaining the basic concepts such as discourse, structure and subject, the emphasis is on how the subject is constructed in the discourse. The second chapter is about the dislocation and confrontation of discourse structure. They are prerequisites for identity in discourse structures. Dislocation and confrontation are terms used to illustrate the incompleteness of the structure. No identity can be generated in a closed structure without dislocation and confrontation. There is no space for identity. Chapter 3 links, nodes and empty signifiers are the key to the formation of identity, identity is essentially linked articulation, Neither completely closed nor completely unstable structures have the ability to produce identity. It is only in unstable discourse structures that nodes or empty signifiers are formed by linking to make the structure temporarily stable. Chapter 4 hegemony, ideology and representation are the important principles that underlie the process of identity formation. Hegemony has a metaphysical status. Any operation of the discourse structure is carried out in a hegemonic way. The concept of ideology is in fact no longer an Althussian ideology. This concept is only used to illustrate the process of subpoenaing an individual as a "subject" by discourse. Hegemony is manifested through representation. Representation and power are indivisible. The purpose of this chapter is to give a general account of the operational mechanism of identity on the basis of the studies in previous chapters. In these statements, in order to explain more accurately the key concepts and theoretical systems used by Raglau, British cultural studies are always present.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：I02

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