本文選題：山水畫寫生 + 寫生與創(chuàng)作的關(guān)系��； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)山水畫始終強(qiáng)調(diào)著“外師造化,中得心源”的思想,要以自然造化為老師,必定離不開寫生。寫生是一種直接表達(dá)情感的方式,在繪畫者追求單純物象真實(shí)描繪的前提下,通過(guò)對(duì)元素的取舍,經(jīng)營(yíng),再重構(gòu),形成有別于他人情感作品的過(guò)程。記錄著細(xì)膩,親切,但不為我們?nèi)恐獣缘那閼?這個(gè)過(guò)程并不是某種簡(jiǎn)單樣式的重復(fù)出現(xiàn),還需要我們大量的實(shí)踐和總結(jié)。 寫生是中國(guó)繪畫創(chuàng)作的來(lái)源和基礎(chǔ),中國(guó)山水畫的最早興起可以推至魏晉南北朝時(shí)期,當(dāng)時(shí)僅僅作為人物畫,墓室壁畫、佛教壁畫中的背景出現(xiàn)在畫面中,隨后山水畫便逐步脫離出來(lái),獨(dú)立成畫。中國(guó)繪畫史中第一篇山水畫論,宗炳的《畫山水序》中提到,身所盤桓,目所綢繆,以形寫形,以色貌色。說(shuō)的是繪畫者為了到達(dá)胸中的丘壑,必須親臨自然,感同身受。通過(guò)寫生可以加深對(duì)自然的認(rèn)識(shí)。認(rèn)知萬(wàn)物的結(jié)構(gòu),了解生長(zhǎng)規(guī)律以及之間的層層聯(lián)系。洞悉生命延續(xù)的能力,是繪畫者的基本功。寫生要求繪畫者對(duì)物象忠誠(chéng),強(qiáng)調(diào)取舍和概括。繪畫者不能尾隨于物象,要掌握控制權(quán),主動(dòng)經(jīng)營(yíng)畫面。 現(xiàn)在最常用的寫生方法是張仃先生所倡導(dǎo)的對(duì)景寫生。要求繪畫者在寫生過(guò)程中,必須時(shí)刻用心觀察物象并對(duì)自然變化有瞬間感知的能力,將情感依附于符合的筆墨寫于作品,才能使作品賦有生命力和感染力的同時(shí)并個(gè)性化。目前寫生中最多的問(wèn)題就是用古人的眼睛看自然,依附于傳統(tǒng)技法而無(wú)力自拔,畫面缺失個(gè)人情感和個(gè)性化的表現(xiàn)和研究,從概念化到程式化,不斷地進(jìn)行著簡(jiǎn)單的重復(fù)。 每個(gè)人對(duì)自然的態(tài)度不同,反映在畫面上的表達(dá)也不相同。想要找尋突破。求得豐富發(fā)展,于是對(duì)自然物象的選取,解構(gòu),重組,形成一套成熟的繪畫語(yǔ)言便成了畫家們的首要任務(wù)。藝術(shù)符號(hào)的引入就是一個(gè)例子,所謂藝術(shù)符號(hào)就是一些大家已經(jīng)認(rèn)可的簡(jiǎn)單圖形。歷代山水畫符號(hào)的形成,是繪畫者在長(zhǎng)期繪畫發(fā)展和演變中一直遵守道法自然,物我合一的產(chǎn)物。來(lái)源于對(duì)自然的寫生,卻高于自然,在似與不似之間讓人揣摩,回味。 然而在西方現(xiàn)代繪畫的影響下,當(dāng)代山水畫中圖像符號(hào)的價(jià)值高于形成這-圖像的筆墨元素,當(dāng)你用扎實(shí)的筆墨去表現(xiàn)時(shí),如果作品本身沒(méi)有符號(hào)的特點(diǎn),你就不會(huì)被很多的人關(guān)注評(píng)價(jià)。如果你的作品具有符號(hào)特征,即使是筆墨手法一般,但仍會(huì)受到好評(píng)。這是當(dāng)下時(shí)代山水畫的悲哀也是這個(gè)時(shí)代所獨(dú)有的特征。因此,圖像中符號(hào)特征的評(píng)判是衡量一個(gè)當(dāng)代山水畫家是否具有當(dāng)下性的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。人們對(duì)符號(hào)的執(zhí)著追求還有一個(gè)原因,社會(huì)快速的發(fā)展,使山水畫家們漸漸從以自然為主的角度,轉(zhuǎn)換成為自我為主,按照市場(chǎng)需求創(chuàng)作,少了古人對(duì)自然的忠誠(chéng),更多的是個(gè)性的張揚(yáng)。人們留戀自己創(chuàng)造同時(shí),更多的學(xué)會(huì)了膜拜自己。為了更有說(shuō)服力,便不停地強(qiáng)調(diào)和神話符號(hào)的概念。就現(xiàn)階段中國(guó)山水畫發(fā)展的情況,個(gè)性化符號(hào)的體現(xiàn)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了較高的水準(zhǔn)。從本質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)區(qū)別常態(tài)的意象符號(hào)的角度出發(fā),來(lái)研究山水畫的寫生,對(duì)理解山水畫的內(nèi)在精髓,實(shí)現(xiàn)山水畫的理論和實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新,都有著極其重要的意義。本文借此前提展開敘述,簡(jiǎn)單分析中國(guó)山水畫寫生,與創(chuàng)作的關(guān)系,創(chuàng)作元素符號(hào)。
[Abstract]:The Chinese landscape painting always emphasizes the thought of " externalization and middle - to - source " . It is a direct way to express emotion . It is a kind of direct expression of emotion . It is a process of expressing emotion directly . It is not a kind of repeated occurrence of some simple style . It also needs us a lot of practice and summary .

Writing is the origin and basis of Chinese painting creation . The first rise of Chinese landscape painting can be pushed to the period of Wei , Jin , Southern and Northern Dynasties , when the background of Chinese landscape painting appeared in the picture , then the landscape painting was gradually separated out , and then landscape painting was made .

The most commonly used method of writing is that Mr . Zhang gave birth to the scene . It is necessary for the painter to observe the material image at all times and instantly perceive the natural change in the process of writing . The most important problem in the writing is to use the eyes of the ancient people to read the nature , to attach itself to the traditional technique , and to lack personal emotion and individual performance and research , from conceptualizing to programming , and to repeat itself .

Everyone ' s attitude to nature is different , reflecting on the picture is not the same . Want to search for breakthrough . To find rich development , then to the natural image selection , Deconstruction , reorganization , form a set of mature painting language to become the painter ' s first task . The introduction of artistic symbol is one example , so - called art symbol is a simple figure that everybody has accepted .

However , under the influence of western modern painting , the value of the image symbol in contemporary landscape painting is higher than that of the ink element forming the image . When you use solid ink to show , if the work itself has no sign , it will not be appreciated by many people .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：J212

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本文編號(hào)：1889143