保定府河浮游生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)及多樣性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-15 22:14
【摘要】：府河作為保定市內(nèi)河水系建設(shè)的重要部分,具有防汛排澇、涵養(yǎng)水源、調(diào)節(jié)氣候等作用,對(duì)城市景觀和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡有重要價(jià)值。通過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的連續(xù)性監(jiān)測(cè),研究保定府河浮游生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征及其時(shí)空分布變化規(guī)律,分析不同樣點(diǎn)在不同時(shí)間內(nèi)的多樣性指數(shù),以及生物多樣性的變化規(guī)律,同時(shí)分析其他環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)對(duì)浮游生物指標(biāo)的影響,為內(nèi)河自凈能力研究提供基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)府河及其周邊環(huán)境狀況,選定用華南大街到東二環(huán)這部分河段為監(jiān)測(cè)主體,以橋?yàn)辄c(diǎn),選取南關(guān)橋、工農(nóng)橋、紅旗橋、劉守廟橋、紅光橋、焦莊橋共6個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)斷面。2014年3月到11月期間,兩周為一個(gè)周期,進(jìn)行取樣,遇暴雨等特殊天氣增加監(jiān)測(cè)次數(shù),部分環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)地監(jiān)測(cè),其他項(xiàng)目待帶回實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)。浮游生物的監(jiān)測(cè)主要分為浮游植物和浮游動(dòng)物兩個(gè)部分。浮游植物主要檢測(cè)到包括藍(lán)藻門(mén)在內(nèi)的八個(gè)門(mén)類,此次調(diào)查中共檢出浮游動(dòng)物81個(gè)種屬。監(jiān)測(cè)以種為最小單位,包括不知名種屬。取樣后進(jìn)行鏡檢,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析浮游生物種類組成和密度、優(yōu)勢(shì)種等項(xiàng)目,以研究府河浮游生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征、時(shí)空演替規(guī)律。選用Shannon-Wiener、Margalef、Pielou三種生物多樣性指數(shù)分析府河浮游生物的多樣性。分析整理監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)后,計(jì)算各采樣點(diǎn)浮游生物在不同時(shí)間的多樣性指數(shù),以及各監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí)間內(nèi)各樣點(diǎn)的多樣性指數(shù),分析時(shí)間和空間上的多樣性指數(shù)變化規(guī)律,并按照選定的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),初步評(píng)價(jià)府河在監(jiān)測(cè)期間的水質(zhì)情況。浮游植物和浮游動(dòng)物多樣性指數(shù)的分析結(jié)果均顯示府河水質(zhì)屬于輕-中度污染的范圍。以各季節(jié)為分析單元,利用SPSS軟件,分析保定府河周邊環(huán)境因子與浮游生物群落之間的關(guān)系,找到其內(nèi)在的相關(guān)性,分析顯示府河浮游植物密度與水體中DO、葉綠素a濃度均呈顯著正相關(guān)。使用CANOCO軟件進(jìn)行去趨勢(shì)對(duì)應(yīng)分析后,適應(yīng)于線性模型,約束性排序選用冗余分析(RDA),分析府河浮游植物生長(zhǎng)的控制性環(huán)境因子,主要是溫度和氮磷營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽濃度影響府河浮游植物群落分布。兩種分析結(jié)果顯示,4號(hào)點(diǎn)劉守廟橋水質(zhì)最好,氮磷及有機(jī)污染程度最低,浮游植物群落多樣性較好;1號(hào)點(diǎn)南關(guān)橋有機(jī)污染程度較嚴(yán)重,水質(zhì)總體質(zhì)量較差,浮游植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)較不穩(wěn)定。府河浮游生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)及多樣性的研究,從生物角度反映保定府河水質(zhì)整體狀況,為全面評(píng)價(jià)城市內(nèi)河水質(zhì)與污染控制提供參考,為制定經(jīng)濟(jì)、合理的城市內(nèi)河治理措施,改善城市內(nèi)河水質(zhì)提供參考。
[Abstract]:As an important part of water system construction in Baoding City, Fuhe has the functions of flood control, water conservation, climate adjustment and so on, which is of great value to the balance of urban landscape and ecosystem. Through continuous monitoring for a long time, the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its temporal and spatial distribution in Baoding Fuhe River were studied, and the diversity index at different time points and the variation law of biodiversity were analyzed. At the same time, the effect of other environmental monitoring indexes on plankton index is analyzed, which provides a basis for the study of river self-purification ability. According to the state of the Fuhe River and its surrounding environment, this part of the river section from South China Avenue to the East second Ring Road was selected as the main monitoring body, and the bridge was selected as the point. Nanguan Bridge, working-agriculture bridge, Hongqi Bridge, Liu Shoumiao Bridge and Hongguang Bridge were selected. Jiaozhuang Bridge has 6 monitoring sections. During the period of March to November 2014, two weeks is a cycle, sampling, heavy rain and other special weather to increase the number of monitoring, some environmental data field monitoring, other items to be brought back to the laboratory for testing. The monitoring of plankton is divided into two parts: phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton was mainly detected in 8 phylum species, including cyanobacteria, and 81 species of zooplankton were detected in this survey. Species are the smallest unit of surveillance, including unknown species. After sampling, the species composition and density of plankton, dominant species and other items were statistically analyzed to study the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and temporal and spatial succession in Fuhe River. The diversity of plankton in Fuhe River was analyzed by using three biodiversity indices of Shannon-Wiener,Margalef,Pielou. After analyzing the monitoring data, the diversity index of plankton in different time and the diversity index of various points in each monitoring time were calculated, and the variation rules of diversity index in time and space were analyzed. According to the selected evaluation criteria, the water quality of Fuhe River during the monitoring period was preliminarily evaluated. The results of phytoplankton and phytoplankton diversity index showed that the water quality of Fuhe River was within the range of light to moderate pollution. The relationship between environmental factors and plankton community around the Fuhe River in Baoding was analyzed by using SPSS software. The correlation between phytoplankton density and DO, in water was found. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll a concentration and chlorophyll a concentration. CANOCO software was used to analyze the trend of phytoplankton, which was suitable for linear model. Redundant (RDA), analysis was used to analyze the controlling environmental factors of phytoplankton growth in Fuhe River. The distribution of phytoplankton community in Fuhe River was mainly influenced by temperature and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. The results showed that the water quality of Liushoumiaqiao was the best, the degree of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollution was the lowest, and the diversity of phytoplankton community was better. The organic pollution of Nanguan Bridge at No.1 is serious, the water quality is poor, and the phytoplankton community structure is unstable. The study on the structure and diversity of plankton community in Fuhe River reflects the overall water quality of Baoding River from a biological point of view, which provides a reference for the overall evaluation of water quality and pollution control of urban inland rivers, and provides a basis for formulating economic and rational urban river control measures. To provide reference for improving the water quality of urban inland rivers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：Q178
本文編號(hào)：2334549
[Abstract]:As an important part of water system construction in Baoding City, Fuhe has the functions of flood control, water conservation, climate adjustment and so on, which is of great value to the balance of urban landscape and ecosystem. Through continuous monitoring for a long time, the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its temporal and spatial distribution in Baoding Fuhe River were studied, and the diversity index at different time points and the variation law of biodiversity were analyzed. At the same time, the effect of other environmental monitoring indexes on plankton index is analyzed, which provides a basis for the study of river self-purification ability. According to the state of the Fuhe River and its surrounding environment, this part of the river section from South China Avenue to the East second Ring Road was selected as the main monitoring body, and the bridge was selected as the point. Nanguan Bridge, working-agriculture bridge, Hongqi Bridge, Liu Shoumiao Bridge and Hongguang Bridge were selected. Jiaozhuang Bridge has 6 monitoring sections. During the period of March to November 2014, two weeks is a cycle, sampling, heavy rain and other special weather to increase the number of monitoring, some environmental data field monitoring, other items to be brought back to the laboratory for testing. The monitoring of plankton is divided into two parts: phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton was mainly detected in 8 phylum species, including cyanobacteria, and 81 species of zooplankton were detected in this survey. Species are the smallest unit of surveillance, including unknown species. After sampling, the species composition and density of plankton, dominant species and other items were statistically analyzed to study the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and temporal and spatial succession in Fuhe River. The diversity of plankton in Fuhe River was analyzed by using three biodiversity indices of Shannon-Wiener,Margalef,Pielou. After analyzing the monitoring data, the diversity index of plankton in different time and the diversity index of various points in each monitoring time were calculated, and the variation rules of diversity index in time and space were analyzed. According to the selected evaluation criteria, the water quality of Fuhe River during the monitoring period was preliminarily evaluated. The results of phytoplankton and phytoplankton diversity index showed that the water quality of Fuhe River was within the range of light to moderate pollution. The relationship between environmental factors and plankton community around the Fuhe River in Baoding was analyzed by using SPSS software. The correlation between phytoplankton density and DO, in water was found. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll a concentration and chlorophyll a concentration. CANOCO software was used to analyze the trend of phytoplankton, which was suitable for linear model. Redundant (RDA), analysis was used to analyze the controlling environmental factors of phytoplankton growth in Fuhe River. The distribution of phytoplankton community in Fuhe River was mainly influenced by temperature and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. The results showed that the water quality of Liushoumiaqiao was the best, the degree of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollution was the lowest, and the diversity of phytoplankton community was better. The organic pollution of Nanguan Bridge at No.1 is serious, the water quality is poor, and the phytoplankton community structure is unstable. The study on the structure and diversity of plankton community in Fuhe River reflects the overall water quality of Baoding River from a biological point of view, which provides a reference for the overall evaluation of water quality and pollution control of urban inland rivers, and provides a basis for formulating economic and rational urban river control measures. To provide reference for improving the water quality of urban inland rivers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：Q178
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