【摘要】：本文通過對以黃龍古村落中民間信仰空間的研究,充分挖掘客家各類民間信仰空間與村落環(huán)境的多種有機(jī)融合關(guān)系,揭示了客家古村落中民間信仰空間對村民生活和村落生態(tài)等方面的意義。對閩西客家地區(qū)古村落民俗宗教研究有一定的資料意義,同時(shí)多方位地展示閩西客家村落傳統(tǒng)文化,對于古村落保護(hù)以及新農(nóng)村建設(shè)有一定借鑒意義。在課題研究過程中,以建筑學(xué)、民俗宗教學(xué)、景觀風(fēng)水學(xué)、人居環(huán)境學(xué)、農(nóng)學(xué)等學(xué)科理論為指導(dǎo),采用文獻(xiàn)資料收集、田野調(diào)查、圖說等方法進(jìn)行研究。研究結(jié)果表明,與現(xiàn)代新農(nóng)村主義廟宇剝離環(huán)境、獨(dú)立大型化趨勢建設(shè)方式不同,古村落神明空間是與村落環(huán)境、民居建筑、村民生活空間深度融合的,呈現(xiàn)覆蓋廣、種類豐富的景象。圍繞此中心觀點(diǎn),論文展開三大部分剖析研究:第一部分,背景研究。首先整理調(diào)查了客家的自然地形、氣候環(huán)境、歷史發(fā)展,陳述民間信仰在眾多因素影響下的發(fā)展、雜糅以及轉(zhuǎn)化,呈現(xiàn)出的地域性民間信仰的性格。第二部分,主體研究。研究主體部分先從黃龍村民間信仰空間的總體布局入手,闡述其與村落整體環(huán)境的融合以及與社區(qū)生活的契合。隨之分角度深入探討信仰空間與村落各部分的有機(jī)關(guān)系,在土樓民居空間,結(jié)合客家居住文化,解析了神明空間對于民居生活和建筑生活空間影響;濱水地帶民間信仰空間與各種水體環(huán)境的生態(tài)共生現(xiàn)象以及對于村民公共交往的意義;解析了村落及山林地區(qū)道路與不同神明空間的多種結(jié)合方式,以及道路作為神明祭祀臨時(shí)空間對其形成發(fā)展的影響。第三部分,當(dāng)代啟示。首先對客家村落民間信仰的積極影響進(jìn)行肯定和深度挖掘,其次對現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展給傳統(tǒng)村落和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)帶來的問題進(jìn)行反思,最后結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)村落的機(jī)制對民間信仰空間的保護(hù)傳承與復(fù)興提出建議。
[Abstract]:Through the study of the folk belief space in the ancient village of Huanglong, this paper fully excavates the various organic fusion relations between the Hakka folk belief space and the village environment. It reveals the significance of folk belief space in Hakka ancient villages to villagers' life and village ecology. It is of great significance to study the folk customs and religion of ancient villages in the Hakka area of western Fujian, and to display the traditional culture of Hakka villages in various directions, which is useful for the protection of ancient villages and the construction of new countryside. In the course of the subject research, the methods of literature collection, field investigation and illustration are adopted under the guidance of the theories of architecture, folk religion, landscape feng shui, human settlements, agriculture and so on. The results show that different from the modern neo-rural temple stripping environment and independent large-scale trend of construction, ancient village deity space is deeply integrated with the village environment, residential buildings, villagers' living space, and presents a wide coverage. A rich variety of sights. Around this central point of view, the thesis is divided into three parts: the first part, background research. Firstly, the author investigates the natural terrain, climate and environment, historical development of Hakka, states the development, hybridity and transformation of folk belief under the influence of many factors, and presents the character of regional folk belief. The second part is the main research. The main part of the study begins with the overall layout of the belief space between the villagers of Huanglong, and expounds its integration with the whole village environment and the agreement with the community life. Then the organic relationship between the belief space and each part of the village is discussed in detail. In the space of the Tulou dwelling and the Hakka residential culture, the influence of the divine space on the living and architectural living space of the dwelling is analyzed. Ecological symbiosis between folk belief space and various water environment in waterfront and its significance to villagers' public communication; This paper analyzes the combination of roads and different god spaces in villages and mountain forest areas, and the influence of roads as temporary space for deity worship on its formation and development. The third part, contemporary enlightenment. First of all, the positive influence of Hakka villages' folk beliefs is affirmed and deeply excavated. Secondly, the problems brought about by the development of modernization to the traditional villages and the new countryside construction are reconsidered. Finally, some suggestions on the protection, inheritance and rejuvenation of folk belief space are put forward in combination with the mechanism of traditional villages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU982.29

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