【摘要】：本文以貴陽市郊六個行政區(qū)（包括花溪區(qū)、烏當(dāng)區(qū)、白云區(qū)、開陽縣、修文縣、清鎮(zhèn)市）的布依語為調(diào)查對象，運(yùn)用田野調(diào)查法、分析法、歸納法等研究方法，對當(dāng)?shù)夭家勒Z的使用現(xiàn)狀、語音變化、詞匯變化及語法變化等方面進(jìn)行了介紹。 布依語是貴陽市郊布依族的主要交際用語，，但因受到漢語的強(qiáng)力影響，當(dāng)?shù)夭家勒Z的語言使用情況與語音、詞匯和語法都發(fā)生了不同程度的變化。 從語言使用情況來看，貴陽市郊布依族呈聚居和雜散居兩種狀態(tài)，由于居住特點(diǎn)不同，母語使用上亦有差異。在雜散居區(qū)，只有極少數(shù)老人能說布依語，中年人能聽懂一些簡單的日常用語，青少年既聽不懂也不會說，日常生活已完全轉(zhuǎn)用漢語；在聚居區(qū)，會說布依語的人比雜散居區(qū)要多，有部分中年人也能用母語交流，青少年中還有少數(shù)人將布依語作為第二語言習(xí)得，出現(xiàn)語言“隔代傳承”的特殊現(xiàn)象。 從語言本體來看，當(dāng)?shù)夭家勒Z的語音、詞匯、語法都發(fā)生了不同程度的變化：漢語西南官話的一部分送氣音聲母和一部分韻母進(jìn)入了布依語語音系統(tǒng)；大量漢語西南官話詞匯也進(jìn)入了貴陽市郊的布依語詞匯系統(tǒng)；另外，貴陽市郊布依語的語序也發(fā)生了變化，且有一部分漢語虛詞進(jìn)入了布依語語法系統(tǒng)。 雖然漢語西南官話的借入豐富了貴陽市郊布依語的語音、詞匯、語法系統(tǒng)，但是也對貴陽市郊布依語的使用產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，使當(dāng)?shù)夭家勒Z處于瀕危狀態(tài)。因此，在現(xiàn)代化語境下，如何保護(hù)貴陽市郊的布依語，筆者提出了一些建議。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the Buyi language of six administrative districts in the suburbs of Guiyang (including Huaxi District, Wudang District, Baiyun District, Kaiyang County, Xiuwen County, Qingzhen City) is taken as the object of investigation, and the methods of field investigation, analysis and induction are used. This paper introduces the current situation of the use of Buyi language, phonetic changes, lexical changes and grammatical changes. Buyi language is the main communicative language of Buyi nationality in the suburbs of Guiyang. However, due to the strong influence of Chinese, the language use, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the local Buyi language have changed to varying degrees. From the point of view of language use, Buyi nationality in the suburbs of Guiyang is inhabited and scattered. Due to the different living characteristics, there are also differences in the use of mother tongue. In scattered areas, only a very small number of elderly people can speak Buyi, middle-aged people can understand some simple daily language, young people can neither understand nor speak, daily life has completely changed to Chinese; In the settlement area, more people can speak Buyi than in the scattered areas. Some middle-aged people can also communicate in their mother tongue. There are still a few young people who use Buyi as a second language to acquire Buyi as a second language, resulting in the special phenomenon of language "transmission from generation to generation". From the point of view of language Noumenon, the pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the local Buyi language have changed to varying degrees: a part of the southwest Chinese mandarin has entered the Buyi phonetic system; A large number of Chinese southwest Mandarin words have also entered the Buyi vocabulary system in the suburbs of Guiyang. In addition, the word order of Buyi language in the suburbs of Guiyang City has also changed, and some Chinese function words have entered the Buyi grammar system. Although the borrowing of southwest Chinese Mandarin enriches the phonetic, lexical and grammatical system of Guiyang suburban Buyi language, it also has a great influence on the use of Guiyang suburban Buyi language, which makes the local Buyi language in an endangered state. Therefore, in the modern context, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to protect the Buyi language in the suburbs of Guiyang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H268

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