【摘要】：“關(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”是現(xiàn)代漢語中較為常見的虛詞，有著特殊的語法意義和功能，它們都能位于句首，標(biāo)記話題。 結(jié)構(gòu)上，“關(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”作話題標(biāo)記時(shí)一般位于句首，呈現(xiàn)出“X于T，C”的格式，T是話題，，C是述題或說明，能夠獨(dú)立成句。話題與主語有各自不同的句法位置，話題與述題之間大多有停頓、語氣詞或者插入成分。語義上，“關(guān)于”、“至于”和“對(duì)于”標(biāo)記的話題與述題具有三種句法語義關(guān)系：話題同述題謂詞的論元共指關(guān)系，話題同述題中體詞的配價(jià)關(guān)系，話題同整個(gè)述題的限定判斷關(guān)系或“主題—內(nèi)容”關(guān)系。這三種語義關(guān)系可以歸結(jié)為“賦值”關(guān)系。話題總是給述題賦值，或給述題中的謂詞賦值，或給體詞賦值，或給整個(gè)述題賦值。功能上，“關(guān)于”、“至于”和“對(duì)于”標(biāo)記的話題具有主題功能和賦值功能。 我們把“關(guān)于”式話題句、“至于”式話題句和“對(duì)于”式話題句的話題標(biāo)記詞“關(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”進(jìn)行兩兩替換后，出現(xiàn)了兩種情況，一是能夠替換、但替換后語義發(fā)生變化，二是不能夠替換。 一般情況下，“關(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”在其標(biāo)記的話題句中能夠自由替換，這是因?yàn)椤瓣P(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”都可作話題標(biāo)記。經(jīng)過漫長的虛化發(fā)展，它們都有位于句首，標(biāo)記話題的用法。這是虛詞“關(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”不斷發(fā)展的結(jié)果。但是它們的發(fā)展程度不同，“至于”已經(jīng)發(fā)展成典型的話題標(biāo)記，“關(guān)于”和“對(duì)于”作話題標(biāo)記的程度沒有“至于”高。 “關(guān)于”、“至于”、“對(duì)于”在話題句中不能替換的情況和替換后語義發(fā)生變化的情況表明“關(guān)于”、“至于”和“對(duì)于”在標(biāo)記話題時(shí)具有各自的差異�！瓣P(guān)于”標(biāo)記話題時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)與述題的“主題—內(nèi)容”關(guān)系，“至于”標(biāo)記話題時(shí)總帶有與上一話題的或轉(zhuǎn)折或并列的連帶關(guān)系，“對(duì)于”標(biāo)記話題時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)話題與述題之間的對(duì)待對(duì)象關(guān)系。這與“關(guān)于”、“至于”和“對(duì)于”各自特定的語義有關(guān)。雖然“關(guān)于”、“至于”和“對(duì)于”經(jīng)過不斷的虛化發(fā)展都具有作話題標(biāo)記的用法，但在它們的發(fā)展過程中，其原來的一些詞匯意義蹤跡一直粘附于它們，這使得在“關(guān)于”式話題句中話題與述題句中的名詞具有“主題—內(nèi)容”關(guān)系時(shí)，不能替換成“至于”或“對(duì)于”句；“對(duì)于”標(biāo)記的話題同述題之間有很明顯的對(duì)象關(guān)系時(shí)，“對(duì)于”不能由“關(guān)于”和“至于”替換�！爸劣凇钡脑掝}標(biāo)記性很強(qiáng)，但與替換“關(guān)于”、“對(duì)于”替換后，語義發(fā)生變化。
[Abstract]:As for "about", "as for", "for" is a more common function word in modern Chinese, it has special grammatical meaning and function, they can be located at the beginning of sentence and mark the topic. Structurally, "about", "as for", "for" is usually at the beginning of the sentence, showing the format of "X in T, C", T is the topic, C is the topic or description, and can be separated into sentences. The topic and subject have different syntactic positions. There are usually pauses, modal words or insert elements between the topic and the topic. Semantically, the topic of "about", "as for" and "for" has three sentence-French meanings: the argument-common-referential relationship of the topic predicate, the valence relation of the body words in the topic-to-topic. The limited judgment relationship or the theme-content relationship between the topic and the whole subject. These three semantic relationships can be summed up as "assignment" relations. The topic always assigns a value to a predicate, or to a predicate in a predicate, or to a body word, or to a whole predicate. Functionally, the topic of "about", "as well as" and "for" marks have thematic and assignment functions. We put "about" topic sentence, "as for" topic sentence and "regarding" type topic sentence topic marker words "about", "as for", "for" after the pairwise replacement, there are two situations, one is to be able to replace. However, the semantics change after replacement, and the other is that it can not be replaced. In general, "about", "as for", "for" can be freely replaced in the topic sentence marked, because "about", "as for", "for" can be marked as a topic. After a long period of virtual development, they are located at the beginning of the sentence, marking the use of the topic. This is the result of the constant development of the function word "about", "as for" and "for". But they have developed to different degrees, "as for" has developed into a typical topic marking, "about" and "for" the degree of tagging is not as high as "as for". "about", "as for", "for" cases where the topic sentence cannot be replaced and the semantic changes that occur after the replacement indicate that "about", "as for" and "for" have their own differences in marking the topic. "when it comes to marking a topic, it emphasizes the" theme-content "relationship with the topic, and" as far as "the topic is marked, there is always a joint and several relationship with the previous topic or with a turning point or juxtaposition. When we mark the topic, we emphasize the object relationship between the topic and the topic. This is related to the specific semantics of "about", "as for" and "for". Although "about", "as for" and "for" both have been used as topic markers after continuous virtual development, in the course of their development, some of their original lexical meaning traces have adhered to them all the time. This makes it impossible to substitute for "as for" or "for" when the topic and the noun in the topic sentence have a "theme-content" relationship in the "on" topic sentence; When there is an obvious object relationship between the topic of "regarding" and the subject, "for" cannot be replaced by "about" and "as to". The topic tagging of "as for" is strong, but the semantics change with the substitution of "about" and "for".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H136

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳章;“對(duì)”和“對(duì)于”的音節(jié)語值比較[J];高等函授學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2000年04期

2 陳偉;周四貴;;介詞“對(duì)于”的主位推進(jìn)方式[J];貴陽學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2007年01期

3 陳信春;“對(duì)＋NP”的“對(duì)”的隱現(xiàn)[J];河南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1995年01期

4 徐樞;“對(duì)”字句的幾種主要格式[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);1984年03期

5 饒長溶;“至于”、“關(guān)于”不像是介詞[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);1987年01期

6 劉順;“對(duì)”字短語作定語的歧義問題[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);1998年06期

7 聶仁發(fā);;“關(guān)于”標(biāo)記話題的語義基礎(chǔ)和句法條件[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2007年05期

8 李廣瑜;;“有關(guān)”、“關(guān)于”、“有關(guān)于”的比較分析[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2009年05期

9 陳昌來;論現(xiàn)代漢語句子語義結(jié)構(gòu)中的施事[J];吉安師專學(xué)報(bào);1999年02期

10 王蕊;“對(duì)于、關(guān)于、至于”的話題標(biāo)記功能和篇章銜接功能[J];暨南大學(xué)華文學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2004年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 周衛(wèi)華;漢語的主語和話題之關(guān)系研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2004年

2 孫蕾;關(guān)于“對(duì)”字句幾個(gè)句法和語義問題的研究[D];天津師范大學(xué);2007年

3 楊丹毅;“對(duì)于”類介詞框架及相關(guān)研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2007年

4 趙玉娟;現(xiàn)代漢語“對(duì)”字句研究[D];山西大學(xué);2007年

5 孫舒穎;“對(duì)”字句在現(xiàn)代漢語篇章中的使用情況考察[D];浙江師范大學(xué);2007年

本文編號(hào)：2448634