德英漢國際詞語對比研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-20 10:31
【摘要】：在當今的全球化時代，外語已成為我們必須掌握的基本能力，閱讀外語刊物和信息也早已成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪兄匾牟糠�。我們只需隨手翻開任何一份外語報刊或雜志，無論是娛樂版、體育版、政治版或經(jīng)濟版，即使你從未學(xué)過這種語言，也總能認出幾個單詞，有時甚至可能“猜出”成句成段的意思。如果我們到國外旅游，我們來到一家餐廳就餐，就算我們并不熟悉當?shù)氐恼Z言，也能點上幾道菜肴，要來想喝的飲料。例如德國人在美國或者法國就餐時，就算不會英語或法語，也能毫無困難地叫上Kaffee, Pizza,Cola, Hamburger, Spaghetti等。當然，這一切應(yīng)該都有一個前提條件，那就是語言擁有相同的文字系統(tǒng)，例如都使用基于拉丁語的字母系統(tǒng)。這一類在世界多種語言中出現(xiàn)的、具有國際影響力的“共有”詞語就是本論文研究的對象——國際詞語。 由于國際化和全球化的影響，各個國家之間的聯(lián)系越來越密切，國際詞的數(shù)量在不斷攀升。國際詞的研究很有意義，它不僅是一個語言學(xué)問題，不僅對外語教學(xué)和翻譯有重大影響，而且是一個文化和社會問題，對于研究跨文化和跨語言的國際交流研究也有重要意義。 本論文是基于語料庫的對比研究，而網(wǎng)絡(luò)就是這些語料庫重要的來源，語料庫收集了現(xiàn)代德語中常用的國際詞語。本文對之進行分類研究，，即運用詞匯學(xué)分析方法對這類特殊語料進行詞源學(xué)、構(gòu)詞法、詞素結(jié)構(gòu)及社會語言學(xué)諸方面的研究。對例詞所屬的社會范疇進行分類分析顯示，國際詞存在于社會生活各個領(lǐng)域，影響著我們生活的方方面面。現(xiàn)代德語中的不少國際詞語都同時存在于英語、法語等其他西方主要語言中，但它們的形態(tài)特征并不是都一模一樣，而往往需要根據(jù)本族語言系統(tǒng)的特點進行適應(yīng)和變化，有些則被吸收同化，因此常會存在不同范疇的差異性。這種差異可能是語音、字母、詞素或詞形范疇的，也有的涉及語法、語義和語用多層面或領(lǐng)域。 緊接著是對中文里的國際詞語現(xiàn)象進行探討。關(guān)于國際詞語的研究在中國少之又少，所以就有一系列最基本的問題需要首先搞清楚，例如：中文里是否有國際詞？怎樣確認和劃分中文里的國際詞？中文里的國際詞有什么特別之處？論文選用了四類常用國際詞：CEO（首席執(zhí)行官,詞形借詞）, Blog（部落格，純音譯）,Bar（酒吧，音譯加表意）, Facebook（臉書,直譯），分別從德語和中文的不同處理方法進行橫向?qū)Ρ确治�。最后闡述了國際詞匯的影響和意義。
[Abstract]:In today's era of globalization, foreign language has become the basic ability of us to master, and the reading of foreign language publications and information has also become an important part of our daily life. We just need to open up any foreign language newspaper or magazine, whether it's an entertainment, a sports, a political, or an economic, even if you've never learned such a language, you can always recognize a few words, and sometimes even the "guess" of a sentence. If we travel abroad, we go to a restaurant to eat, even if we are not familiar with the local language, we can also have a few dishes to drink. For example, when the Germans dined in the United States or France, even if they don't speak English or French, it can be called Kaffee, Pizza, Cola, Hamburger, Spaghetti and so on. All of this should, of course, have a prerequisite, that is, the language has the same text system, for example, the Latin-based alphabet system is used. This class of "common", which has international influence in many languages of the world, is the subject _ international term of this thesis. Due to the impact of internationalization and globalization, the links between countries are becoming more and more close, and the number of international words is increasing. The study of international terms is of great significance. It is not only a linguistic problem, but also has a great impact on foreign language teaching and translation, but also a cultural and social problem. It is also important to study the international exchange of cross-cultural and cross-language. This paper is based on a corpus-based comparative study, and the network is the important source of these corpora, and the corpus collects the countries that are commonly used in modern German This paper makes a study on the classification of such special materials by using the lexicology analysis method in terms of etymology, word-formation, morpheme structure and sociolinguistics. The classification and analysis of the social category to which the word belongs, the international word exists in all fields of social life and affects the party of our life In modern German, many international terms exist in other western major languages, such as English and French, but their morphological characteristics are not identical, and they often need to be adapted and changed according to the characteristics of the system, some of which are absorbed. Assimilation, therefore, there are different categories of the regular session. The difference may be in the category of speech, letter, morpheme, or word, but also to the multi-level of grammar, semantics and pragmatics. Or domain, followed by an international word in Chinese. The study of international terms is rare and few in China, so there is a series of the most basic questions that need to be clarified first, for example: in Chinese No international word? How to confirm and divide Chinese The international word in Chinese? International word in Chinese What's so special? The paper uses four kinds of common international words: CEO (CEO, word-shaped loan), Blog (blog, pure transliteration), Bar (bar, transliteration and ideographic), Facebook (Facebook, literal translation), and different processing methods from German and Chinese, respectively. To the comparative analysis. Finally, the international vocabulary is described.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H136;H33;H313
[Abstract]:In today's era of globalization, foreign language has become the basic ability of us to master, and the reading of foreign language publications and information has also become an important part of our daily life. We just need to open up any foreign language newspaper or magazine, whether it's an entertainment, a sports, a political, or an economic, even if you've never learned such a language, you can always recognize a few words, and sometimes even the "guess" of a sentence. If we travel abroad, we go to a restaurant to eat, even if we are not familiar with the local language, we can also have a few dishes to drink. For example, when the Germans dined in the United States or France, even if they don't speak English or French, it can be called Kaffee, Pizza, Cola, Hamburger, Spaghetti and so on. All of this should, of course, have a prerequisite, that is, the language has the same text system, for example, the Latin-based alphabet system is used. This class of "common", which has international influence in many languages of the world, is the subject _ international term of this thesis. Due to the impact of internationalization and globalization, the links between countries are becoming more and more close, and the number of international words is increasing. The study of international terms is of great significance. It is not only a linguistic problem, but also has a great impact on foreign language teaching and translation, but also a cultural and social problem. It is also important to study the international exchange of cross-cultural and cross-language. This paper is based on a corpus-based comparative study, and the network is the important source of these corpora, and the corpus collects the countries that are commonly used in modern German This paper makes a study on the classification of such special materials by using the lexicology analysis method in terms of etymology, word-formation, morpheme structure and sociolinguistics. The classification and analysis of the social category to which the word belongs, the international word exists in all fields of social life and affects the party of our life In modern German, many international terms exist in other western major languages, such as English and French, but their morphological characteristics are not identical, and they often need to be adapted and changed according to the characteristics of the system, some of which are absorbed. Assimilation, therefore, there are different categories of the regular session. The difference may be in the category of speech, letter, morpheme, or word, but also to the multi-level of grammar, semantics and pragmatics. Or domain, followed by an international word in Chinese. The study of international terms is rare and few in China, so there is a series of the most basic questions that need to be clarified first, for example: in Chinese No international word? How to confirm and divide Chinese The international word in Chinese? International word in Chinese What's so special? The paper uses four kinds of common international words: CEO (CEO, word-shaped loan), Blog (blog, pure transliteration), Bar (bar, transliteration and ideographic), Facebook (Facebook, literal translation), and different processing methods from German and Chinese, respectively. To the comparative analysis. Finally, the international vocabulary is described.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H136;H33;H313
【共引文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
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7 樊仕s
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